hepatitis c a growing problem of pakistan. group members zoya imran mariam archer nawal nawaz sidra...
TRANSCRIPT
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Hepatitis C
A Growing Problem of Pakistan
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Group Members
Zoya ImranMariam ArcherNawal Nawaz
Sidra Tul Muntaha
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What is Hepatitis C ?
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Epidemiology
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• Prevalence around the globe
• After Egypt Pakistan has the Highest prevalence rate
of HCV
• App. 4.8% patients are in Pakistan
• About 10 million patients
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Prevalence In Different Provinces
Punjab 6.7%Sindh 5%Balochistan 1.5 %KPK 1.1%
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RESPONSIBLE
FACTORS
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USE OF ALREADY USED SYRINGES
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ETIOLOGY
• The study of causation.• Sharing needles• Non-sterile instruments• Donating organs• Blood transfusions• Personal care items• Unhygienic sexual behavior
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PHASES OF HEPATITIS C
• Acute:• Tiredness• Jaundice
• Chronic:• Fatigue• Jaundice• Abdominal pain• Joint pain
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PATHOLOGY• Science or the study of the structure, origin and
nature of diseases.• Liver, like all organs, responds to injury in a limited no
of ways.
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ORIGIN OF HCV
• 6 genotypes• Infection have been identified for all genotypes
except genotype 5.
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STRUCTURE OF HCV• Positive single stranded RNA genome• Single open reading frame• Small active proteins
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NATURE OF HCV
• Age• Gender• Immune response
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Diagnosis and Treatment of hcv infection
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Prevalence OF HCV Infection within Pakistan
•In Punjab, 6.7%
•In Sindh, 5%
•In Baluchistan, 1.5%
•In Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 1.1%
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Diagnosis Of HCV Infection
• Screening tests for antibody to HCV (anti HCV) 1. Enzyme immunoassay (EIA)2. Enhanced Chemiluminescence innumoassay (CIA)
• Recombinant Immunoblot Assay (RIBA)
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Continuation…
• Qualitative tests to detect presence or absence of virus (HCV RNA polymerase chain reaction [PCR])
• Quantitative tests to detect amount (titer) of virus (HCV RNA PCR)
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TREATMENT OF HCV INFECTION
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faqs
1. What should be done for a patient with confirmed HCV infection?
2. When might a specialist be consulted in the management of HCV-infected persons?
3. What is the treatment for acute hepatitis C?4. What is the treatment for chronic Hepatitis C?5. Does chronic Hepatitis C affect only the liver?
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Prevention and it’s Prognosis:
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• Never share needles• Avoid direct exposure to blood or blood
products
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• Don't share personal care items• Choose tattoo and piercing parlors carefully
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Can Diet Help Prevent Hepatitis C?
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Things Patients should not eat…
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Prognosis Of HCV
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Important Factors Related to Prognosis are following…..
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Hepatitis C Prognosis: How Successful Is Treatment?
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Positive Prognosis…
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Vaccine Prevention…
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Vaccination Of HCV..No Vaccination
Because of three Reasons which are following…..
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• Different Genotypes
• HCV mutates very easily
• No effective cell culture system