henri videau llr santa cruz june 2002 1 calice, a frame for r&d on calorimetry where do we stand...
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Henri Videau LLR Santa Cruz June 2002
1
CALICE, a frame for R&D on calorimetry
Where do we stand today?
Henri Videau LLR Santa Cruz June 2002
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The R&D effortThe CALICE collaboration
ECAL + HCAL DESY proposal
Current developments in the CALICE collaboration, the objectives
The aim
Prove the existence of a calorimeter designhardware and software
fulfilling the requirements for a linear collider experiment
through specific technological developmentsup to a physics prototype of the complete calorimeter
Be ready to build the calorimeter
Henri Videau LLR Santa Cruz June 2002
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S.Chekanov, G.Drake, S.Kuhlmann, S.R.Magill, B.Musgrave, J.Proudfoot, J.Repond, R.Stanek, R.Yoshida Argonne National Laboratory
D.R.Ward, M.A.ThomsonThe Cavendish Laboratory, Cambridge University
S.Valkar, J.Zacek Charles University - Prague
P.D.Dauncey Department of Physics,Imperial College London
H.Araujo, J.M.Butterworth, D.J.Miller, M.Postranecky , M.Warren Department of Physics and Astronomy,University College London
R.J.Barlow, I.P.Duerdoth,N.M.Malden , R.J.Thompson The Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Manchester
S. Abraham, V.Djordjadze, V. Korbel, S.Reiche, P.Steffen DESY - Hamburg
V. Ammosov, Yu.Arestov, B.Chuiko, V.Ermolaev,V.Gapienko, A.Gerasimov, V.Koreshev, V.Lishin, V.Medvedev, A.Semak, V.Shelekhov, Yu.Sviridov, E.Usenko, V.Zaets, A.Zakharov
Institute of High Energy Physics - Protvino
J.Cvach, M.Janata, M.Lokajicek, S.Nemecek, J.Popule, M.Tomasek, P.Sicho, V.Vrba, J.Weichert Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic - Prague
M.Danilov, Y.Gilitski, V.Kochetkov, I.Matchikhilian, V.Morgunov, S.Shuvalov Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics - Moscow
B.Bouquet, G. Martin, J-P. Richer, Z.Zhang Laboratoire de l'Acc₫l₫rateur Lin₫aire - Orsay
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F.Badaud, G.Bohner, F.Chandez, P.Gay, J. Lecoq, S.Monteil Laboratoire de Physique Corpusculaire - Clermont
E.Devitsin, V.Kozlov, L.Popov, S.Potashov, A.Terkulov Lebedev Physics Institute - Moscow
J-C.Brient, A.Busata, A.Karar, P.Mora de Freitas, G.Morinaud, D.Orlando,H.Videau LLR - Ecole Polytechnique - Palaiseau
A. Savoy-Navarro LPNHE - Universit₫ Paris6/7
S.Apin, I.Bagdasarova, V.Galkine,E.Gushin, A.Kaoucher, V. Saveliev, K.Smirnov, M.ZaboudkoMoscow Engineering and Physics Institute
P.Ermolov, D.Karmanov, M.Merkin, A.Savin, A.Voronin, V.Volkov Moscow State University
P.Roca Physique des Interfaces et Couches Minces - Ecole Polytechnique - Palaiseau
Ilgoo Kim, Taeyun Lee, Jaehong Park, Jinho Sung School of Electric Engineering and Computing Science, Seoul National University, Korea
C.M.Hawkes, S.J.Hillier, R.J.Staley, N.K.Watson School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham
A.Brandin, A.Ridiger State Research Center "INTERPHYSIKA" , Moscow
M.Ashurov, I.Rustamov, E.Gasanov, K.Khatamov, S.IsmoilovTashkent University
+ NI
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A Si-W electromagnetic calorimeter
A prototype to be put in a beam in 2004
The elements of the study(up to now)
Two versions of hadronic calorimeterwith scintillator tiles read analogicallywith RPC (or other detector) read digitally
An adequate reconstruction softwarebased on analytic energy flow
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The main design problems
Area of silicon, its price
The number of channels, the space
Getting the signals out, coherent noise
Making the mechanical structure
What about dead zonesBehaviour of hadrons
Current developments in the CALICE collaboration, the objectives
Wafer design to reduce dead space
The Si- W electromagnetic calorimeter
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50
cost
/are
a (
$/cm
²)
Moore's Law for Silicon Detectors
Used in the TDR
Blank wafer price 6'' 2 $/cm²
1
2
10
4''
6''Wafer size
DATA From H.F-W. Sadrozinski, UC-Santa Cruz
This is a cost prediction for microstrips!
Number of masksYield (good tolerance to
dead channels)
<< 2 $/cm ²
TDR 96/130 ME
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Re-calculate the estimation of cost, using the 2 €/cm²for the silicon
The cost of the ECAL is between 68 (20 layers) to 99 (40layers) M€
With the HCAL (i.e. version DHCAL) , the total cost of the calorimeter ranges from 129 (20 layers) to 175 (40 layers) MCH (CMS equivalent is 145 MCH)
1 - For the complete set ECAL + HCAL + Muon-CH ( MCH)
2 - The change of the geometry can further reduce the cost (length of barrel, internal radius,...)
CMS
Calice -FLC216
132/178
18/40% reduction
from JC Brient St- Malo
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Vaclav Vrba
AC coupling through resistor and capacitancemade by deposition of amorphous silicon
Wafers for thephysics prototype
One guardringper wafer
Gluing
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Getting the signals out,
where to put the FE electronics?
on the side of modules: (accessible), easy to coolnumber of lines, connections
inside the calorimeter: more accessible??easy to connectcooling?
TDR
New study
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Pad
Silicon wafer
PCB
Aluminium
Cooling tube Cooling tubeVFE chip
1.3 mm
1.0 mm
0.5 mm
Thermal contact
Gluing for electrical contact
AC coupling elements?
powerline command line signal out
A design with electronics inside detector
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Current design of prototypes
Thermal study
Pick up study
Front- end study (Opera)
Detector slab study
Mechanical structure study
for prototypefor final design}
Physics prototypeStructure
Wafers
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Physics Prototype – global presentation
VME HCAL structure
Movable tableSilicon wafer
Electronics
Beam monitoring
Movable table
BEAM
ECAL
Detector slab
1st structure (1.4mm of W plates)
2nd structure (2×1.4mm of W plates)
3rd structure (3×1.4mm of W plates)
370 mm
370 mm
180 mm
from Marc Anduze, LLR CALICE Collaboration
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Mid-march Mid-march A first sample of tungsten plates arrives at LLR => metrologyThe design of the front-end chip is fixed. First batch for test.End-march End-march Production of the final set of masks for the silicon wafers processingBeginning-April Beginning-April Start the production of a sample of 40 tungsten plates corresponding to the first technological test and first stack of prototypeApril-MayApril-May Processing of the first 25 silicon wafers (DC coupled) May-September May-September Processing and test of about 100 silicon wafers Final submission of the VFE chip for the prototype
Progress report on the prototype
from JC Brient St- Malo
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Slides by Volker Korbel
The hadron calorimeter, tile version
Henri Videau LLR Santa Cruz June 2002
16Optimisation studies on the tile-WLS fibre system
at DESY, ITEP and LPI/Moscow and Prague.
Green WLS fibre:attenuation length
Scintillatorlight yield
Scintillator :uniformity of RO
Reflector foil:mirror or diffraction, light yield Reflector foil:
uniformity of RO Tile-WLS system: optimal coupling, light yield, uniformity>>>> 5x5 cm2, than: ...7x7....16x16cm2
tiles
New Scintillators: ~6600 m2, costs!
clear RO fibre:attenuation length
WLS fibre:bending in small radius
WLS fibre:ageing, rad. hardness
WLS fibre:fibre end mirroring
V.Korbel, DESY, 24.6.2002
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Remark:these numbersare expected to
be improved furtherby ~ 30-40%
TESLA Tile-HCAL, Best coupling shape for WLS fibres?
-Loops with PM :ph.e./tile ph./cell1 ~10 2402 ~15 3603 ~16 384unbent fibres:along edge, no groove: 7.0 168along groove in centre 7.7 184diagonal fibre, groove: 10.5 256diagonal, minimal bend: 11.0 264Criteria to use unbent, straight fibres:
easy to insert,less risk of damage, no bending stress,> less ageing expected !!!
V.Korbel, DESY, 24.6.2002
Henri Videau LLR Santa Cruz June 2002
18Photodetectors for the Tile-HCAL
Inside 4T magnetic field:HPD’s, expensive ??APD’s, arrays possible, to studySi-photomultipliers (Si-PMs)
APD’s, Study at DESY and Prague 4x8 channel Si-APD array, Hamamatsu S8550, 1,6x1,6 mm2 pixels >> 3x3mm2
low capacities 10-15 pF possible, >> low amplifier noise at 360-380 V gain of 100-300 possible, but excess noise?
temperature stability, gain shift of 1-2% /°C, overcome by monitoring >> work on integration with monolithic preamps (OPERA-type)Si-PM’s, Study at MEPHI/Moscow silicon photodiodes with Geiger mode amplification, pixels of 20 m diameter, 103 pixels/mm2, dynamic range? ~30 V operation voltage, large gain of ~105 -106
Q.E ~ 20% at 500nm, individual detectors only, ~1.5x1.5 mm2 active area see: E. Lorenz, “Evaluation of the new S8550 APD array...” and Boris Dolgoshein, “Silicon Photomultiplier and ist Applications”, in 3. Beaune Conf. On “New Developments in Photoproduction, June 2002
V.Korbel, DESY, 24.6.2002
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[
1
[
[
[
[
Assembled with up to27 scintillator layers:165 scintillator tiles of: 5x5 cm2 >> 45 cells 10x10 cm2 >> 8 cells 20x20 cm2 >> 2 cellsread out by ~ 50 cm WLS fibres to photo-detectors:16 small PM’s3x16 MA-PM’s,later (August):1x32 M-APD array (Prague)Si-PM’s (MEPHI, Moscow)Stack and Tile structure
Cell structureTrack chambers?
Tile-HCAL „minical“-array
Aim of this device is study of:light yield, stability, ageing and calibration with MIP’s V.Korbel, DESY, 24.6.2002
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The hadron calorimeter, the digital version
RPC's information from DHCAL subcollaboration:IHEP, Interphysica, LLR, MEPhI, Seoul U.
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Gap 1.2 mm
Glass plates 1 mm
TFE/N2/IB 80/10/10
Efficiency to mip > 98%
Pads outside
Pads inside
Signal on 50 : 3 V
1x1 cm2
by courtesy of Vladimir Ammossov
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Scheme for a digital HCAL signal detection
Fe or ..
Fe
ChipPCB
SpacersGlass
Padinsulating layer
insulating layer
resistive layer
conductive layer
Thin PCB (1mm) combining pads and circuitry
Thin packaging, TQFP 1 mm
Power dissipation ~ 1 mW/ch
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Read out scheme for a 64 channel chip
Reading the chips througha token ring
Cost < 0.2 Euros/ch
~ 64 million channels
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Currently designing the RPC - FPGA interface
Current to voltage conversionPulse stretching
Digital output (CMOS compatible)Low input impedance
Overvoltage protection of FPGALow power consumption
through current mirrors
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The impact of using gas detectorsread digitally
up to recently the simulation for the digital solutionwas done with scintillator cells.we moved to simulate RPC's
and that's different!
Henri Videau LLR Santa Cruz June 2002
26by courtesy of Anatoli Sokolov
Not only it isdigital but it could seem almost
compensating!
Almost a factor 3between gasand scintillator
Investigating...
Henri Videau LLR Santa Cruz June 2002
27by courtesy of Anatoli Sokolov
The sigma was estimated through a gaussian fit
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The sigma is estimated byquartiles:take out 16%on the lefton the right
No differencefor hadronsbetween scint.and gas
NN seems to bringin both casesa 1.5 improvement
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The software side
Recent release of Simdet v4
Writing of a geometry tool kit based on Geant4 but reachable from different languages
Study of a "human level" language for geometry description
Simulate more realistically RPC's, other detectors (MOKKA)
Reconstruct photons, charged tracks, neutral hadronsIdentify leptons Performances
Rules Persistency: interface
Note http://polype.in2p3.fr/geant4/tesla/www/index.html#dgdl
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What's new I: RPCs in HCALWhat's new I: RPCs in HCAL
G10Gas Chamber
Glasses
Iron
Iron
Spacers
Magnetic field direction
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X generated 's 8+ charged 4* neutral had. 1O reconstructed 's
Seeing a W dijetimpact on the first 4X0 of the calorimeterin projection
The square is100 mrad wide
Simulation from MOKKA, an application of Geant4
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number of reconstructed 'sversusnumber of generated 's
e e W W at 800GeVSome results at 800 GeV on photons
GeV
Photonreconstructed energyversustrue energy
Results from REPLIC
Henri Videau LLR Santa Cruz June 2002
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Distribution of eventphotonic true multiplicityand reconstructed
Distribution of eventphotonic true energyand reconstructed
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GeV
Energy distributionfor true photonsand reconstructed onesincluding fakes
e e W W at 800GeV
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Energy distribution of generated true photonsand reconstructed true photons
GeV
A reconstructed photonis associated to a true oneif more than 75% of itsenergy comes from it.
e e W W at 800GeV
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Difference between the true photon energyand the reconstructed oneper event.
The fit is done with 2 gaussians.
Norm1 101.88 Mean1 0.23 GeV1 7.01 GeV
Norm2 35.84Mean2 - 0.02 GeV2 18.49 GeV2/dof = 1.1
GeV
e e W W at 800GeV
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GeV
Photon reconstruction efficiency at low energy
e e W W at 800GeV
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Pattern recognition from mip identification and vertexing
P. Gay St-Malo
.145/E + .02
same for neutrons and K0
Henri Videau LLR Santa Cruz June 2002
42Impact of the Neutral Hadrons
Neutral hadron reconstructed replaced by MC truth
?
From P. Gayenergy flow sessionSt- Malo
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Using the same technique as the ALEPH tau analysis (HLM)
MUONS (without using muon chambers) ------- 2<P<5 P>5 =========================== Eff. mu-> mu 24/31 54/54
Eff. PI -> mu 46/4698 56/3064
ELECTRONS (using dE/dx values and errors from SIMDET v4) ---------- 1<P<1.5 P>1.5 Eff. el-> el 20/21 117/118 Eff. pi-> el 7/2492 0/9472
Few new results on particle identification in jets
JC. Brient
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Conclusion
poursuivons le combat
la lotta continua
keep working