Non Governanmental OrganizationsHistory

Definition

Type of non governmental organizations

Activities, methods, staffing

Funding.

History and Definition NGOs have a history dating back to at least 1838. It has been

estimated that in 1914 there were 1083 NGOs.

A NGO is legally an organization created by natural or legal people that operate independently from any government . The term is used to refer organizations that are not conventional for profit business.

Number of international NGO: It´s estimated in 40,000.

Number of national NGO it´s higher: Russia (277.000), India (3,3 million)

NGOs must exist for at least two years and they have to be registered with its respective authorities and government.

The organization must have a democratic constitution, representative authority, established headquarters, accountability for a transparent and democratic decision making and also have to be independent from government.

Types of NGOsAn ONGs orientation refers to the type of

activities and organizations that they lead. This activities might include environment, development, or advocacy.

Charitable organizations.Service orientation.Participating.Empowering orientation.NGO type level of co-operation.Community- based organization.City Wide organization.National NGOs.International NGOs.

Activities and MethodsThey hold large scale fundraising events, apply

to governments, and organizations for grants and contracts in order to raise money for projects.

They also need an effective and efficient group of professional members who are able to keep supporters informed and motivated. They must plan and host demonstration and events that will keep their cause in the media.

Methods: NGOs vary their methods. Some act as lobbyist, other conduct programs and activities.

For example: Oxfam provides needy people with equipment, and skills to find food and clean drinking water. FFDA helps with investigation and documentation of human rights.

Staffing and FundingStaffing: Not all the people working for non

governmental organizations are volunteers. Frequently this type of personnel is employed to satisfy a donor who wants to see the supported project managed by someone from an industrialized country.

Funding: Large NGOs may have annual budget in the hundred of million or billions of dollars. For instance, the budget of the American Association of Retired People was over Us $ 540 million in 1999.

Funding such a large budgets demand significant fundraising efforts on the part of most NGOS. Major sources of NGOs funding are membership due the sale of goods and services, grants from international institutions or national governments and private donations.

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