HeartPericardiumMyocardiumEndocardium

SeptumAtrium

Ventricle Tricuspid Valve

Aortic Valve

Pulmonary ValveMitral Valve

AortaPulmonary Artery/Vein

Superior Vena CavaInferior Vena Cava

ArteryVein

Circulatory System

Aorta

Superior Vena Cava

Pulmonary artery

Left Atrium

Aortic Valve

Mitral Valve

Left Ventricle

Septum

Inferior Vena Cava

Right Ventricle

Tricuspid Valve

Right Atrium

Pulmonary Valve

Myocardium

Circulatory System

General Facts:

-passageway for nutrients and waste

from the body’s organs.

-consists of the heart, blood vessels, and blood.

Circulatory SystemCirculatory SystemHeart:

-pumps blood.

-general facts:

•beats an average of 72 bpm.

•pumps about 5,000 gallons per day.

•about the size of your fist.

•weighs under 1 pound.

Circulatory SystemCirculatory System

Heart Parts:-pericardium

•outer layer of the heart tissue.

-myocardium•middle muscle layer of heart tissue.

-endocardium•inner layer of heart tissue.

•“Blood-proof”

Circulatory SystemCirculatory System-septum

•dividing wall between the left and right

sides of the heart.-chambers

•Right Atrium:

receives blood from the body.

•Right Ventricle:

receives blood from the right

atrium

( 4 )

Circulatory SystemCirculatory System•Left Atrium:

receives blood from the lungs.

•Left Ventricle:

receives blood from the left atrium.

Circulatory SystemCirculatory SystemHeart Valves

-Tricuspid valve:•between right atrium and right ventricle.

-Pulmonary Valve:•between right ventricle and lungs.

-Mitral Valve:•between left atrium and left ventricle

-Aortic Valve:•between left ventricle and aorta.

( 4 )

Circulatory SystemCirculatory System Blood Pathway

Right Atrium

Tricuspid Valve

Right Ventricle

Pulmonary Valve

Pulmonary Artery Lungs Pulmonary Vein

Superior/Inferior Vena Cava

Left Atrium

Mitral Valve

Left Ventricle

Aortic Valve

AortaBody

Blood Circulation

Arteries: carries blood away from the heart

Aorta: largest artery

-takes blood to the body

Pulmonary Artery:

-takes blood to the lungs

Coronary Artery:

-takes blood to the heart

Blood Circulation

Veins: carries blood back to the heart

Superior Vena Cava:

-returns blood to the heart from the upper body

Inferior Vena Cava:

-returns blood to the heart from the lower body

Blood Circulation

Veins: (cont’d)

Pulmonary Vein:

-returns blood to the heart from the lungs

Blood Circulation

Capillaries:

-carries blood from the arteries to the veins

-smallest of the blood vessels

-transfer of nutrients and waste

Blood LoopsBlood LoopsSystemic Circulation:Systemic Circulation:

Coronary Circulation

-takes blood throughout the entire body

-circulates blood to the myocardium

(the cells of the heart muscle)

Blood Loops

Renal Circulation:

Portal Circulation:

-circulates blood to the kidneys

(liquid waste is filtered)

-circulates blood to the intestines

(nutrients are picked up)

Lymphatic System

Lymph Nodes:

-bundles of lymph tissue that help filter out infections

Lymph:

1. clear fluid

2. bathes all of the body’s cells

3. helps rid the body of waste/infections

Blood Pressure

What is it?

Force of blood against the wall of an artery.

Tool for assessing the health of the cardiovascular system.

1.

2.

Blood Pressure

Factors affecting blood pressure.

1. Age

2. Heredity

3. Emotions (stress)

4. Food selection

5. Exercise/Fitness levels

6. Weight

Blood Pressure

Systolic Pressure:

-pressure against an artery wall when the heart contracts.

(top number)

Diastolic Pressure:

-pressure against an artery wall when the heart

(bottom number)

relaxes.

Normal Range 110/70 - 140/90

Blood Pressure

Instruments that are used:

1. stethoscope

2. sphygmomanometer

3. cuff

Blood Pressure

Reading Blood Pressure

1. Cuff around upper arm.

2. Stethoscope on the pulse in the elbow.

3. Inflate cuff until blood flow is stopped. (usually 160-180)

Blood Pressure

4. Pressure in the cuff is gradually reduced until sounds are heard in the vessels. (stethoscope)

(systolic pressure reading)

5. Pressure continues to be released until the sounds stop

(stethoscope)

(diastolic pressure reading)

Heart in Action

S-A Node: (sino-atrial node)

1. Located in the right atrium.

2. Nerve tissue

3. Pacemaker

4. Stimulate the A-V node

Heart in Action

A-V-Node: (Atrioventricular Node)

1. Located between the atria and ventricles

2. Pumps ventricles

Sound of a beating heart

Lubb-Dubb

Blood Parts

Blood (10-12 pints)

What does it do?

Transportation of nutrients and waste.

Fighting of infections

Clotting of blood

Temperature regulator

Blood Parts

Blood parts

Red Blood Cells

Made in bone marrow

Shaped like discs

Contain hemoglobin

About 30 trillion (30,000,000,000,000)

Transportation

Blood Parts

Blood parts

White Blood Cells

Made in the bone marrow and lymph tissue

Shaped like discs with a nucleus

1 white cell for every 600 rbc

Fighting infections

Blood Parts

Blood parts

Platelets

Made in the bone marrow

Shaped like jagged fragments

About 1.5 trillion

Live for about 10 days

Blood clotting

Blood Parts

Blood parts

Plasma

Make up 55% of blood

Plasma breakdown

92% is water

7% is proteins

1% fats, sugar, and salts

Blood Types

Blood types

A, B, AB, O

In most cases you will receive your blood type when needing a transfusion.

O: universal donor

AB: universal receiver

Blood Types

Blood types

A: 41% of the population

B: 10% of the population

AB: 4% of the population,universal receiver

O: 45% of the population,universal donor

Blood Types

Rh factor

Inherited blood group associated with A,B,AB, and O.

Approximately 85% are Rh-positive

Approximately 15% are Rh-negative

Percentages vary among racial groups

Blood Types QuizBlood Types Quiz

A can receive from ____, and ____.A can receive from ____, and ____.

A can donate to ____, and ____.A can donate to ____, and ____.

B can receive from ____, and ____.B can receive from ____, and ____.

B can donate from ____, and ____.B can donate from ____, and ____.

AB can receive from ____, ____, ____, and ____.AB can receive from ____, ____, ____, and ____.

AB can donate to ____.AB can donate to ____.

O can receive from ____.O can receive from ____.

O can donate to ____, ____, ____, and ____.O can donate to ____, ____, ____, and ____.

14

1

2

3

4

5

67

8

9

10

11

12

13

15

HEART DIAGRAM QUIZ

HEART DIAGRAM QUIZ ANSWERS

1. Superior Vena Cava

2. Pulmonary Vein

3. Pulmonary Valve

4. Tricuspid Valve

5. Inferior Vena Cava

6. Right Ventricle

7. Pericardium

8. Myocardium

9. Left Ventricle

10. Mitral Valve

11. Left Atrium

12. Pulmonary Vein

13. Pulmonary Artery

14. Aorta

15. Septum

HEART DIAGRAM MID-UNIT EXAM

Answer only the numbered lines.

A

B

C

D

E

F

G

H

J

I