IT and Healthcare

Information Technology and Healthcare

What is IT?

What is IT?• Information Technology• Computers• Internet• Databases • Search• Websites• Mobile• Communications• Artificial Intelligence • Cloud Computing• Wearables:

• Google glass/Apple watch

IT Marriage

• Convergence of:• Computers• Communications

• Moore’s law• Network Effects• Exponential growth

Computers

• Computational Power• Speed• Cost• Storage• Programs• Apps• GUIs• Sensors• Moore’s law

Communications• Claude Shannon

– Communications Theory– Representation as data

• Telephony• Radio• Broadcast• Cellular• Internet• Web• Wi-fi• Mobile

Network Effects

• Metcalfe's law states that the value of a telecommunications network is proportional to the square of the number of connected users of the system.

• "compatible communicating devices"

Enabling Technologies, Convergence, and Exponential Growth

• Moore’s Law http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E9wFXHYJgdo

• Limits of Moore’s Law http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bm6ScvNygUU

Exponential technologies • http://www.youtube.com/watch?

v=nUWosx9lJ4o

What is Healthcare?

Healthcare

The maintenance and improvement of physical and mental health, esp. through the provision of medical services.•Patients•Providers•Payers•Public Health

Healthcare and Information Technology

• Medical Records/Information

• Telemedicine• Personalized Medicine– Diagnostics– Therapeutics

• Public health– Epidemiology– Pandemics – CDC WHO

Medical Records• History• Medications• Error Reduction• Risk Management• Portability• Privacy• HIPPA• Genetic profile• Personalized medicine• The Quantified Self• Google Glass

Medical Records and Informatics

Electronic Medical Records EMR

Google Glass in Boston• The medical community has been quick to

embrace Glass. Hospitals and doctors across the US have been testing it to conduct remote consultations with specialists, for example, record live-videos during surgery for instruction, or provide quick access to patients’ charts, vital stats, doctors’ notes and other medical information--all without having to use their hands to operate a computer.

• Electronic Medical Record and Clinical Decision Support System

Patient Risk Management

• Help, or at least do no harm.– Hippocrates

• Toxicity• Only dose makes the

poison• How medications

interact

Telemedicine

• Remote Areas• Access to Experts and

Specialists• Emergency Care• Expert Systems• AI

Medical Imaging

• Radiology• Non-invasive diagnosis

Types of Imaging

• Ultrasound• Electromagnetic Waves– X Ray– CAT

• Radioactivity– PET

• Electromagnetism– MRI– fMRI

Genomics• Genetic Sequencing• Predictive• Proactive• Personalized Medicine• Targeted therapies

• the branch of molecular biology concerned with the structure, function, evolution, and mapping of genomes.

IT Enabled

• Genomics• Exome• Proteomics• Metabolics• Signaling• Structure and Context

VA MVP

• VA Million Veteran Program to sequence the genomes of one million veterans

• http://www.research.va.gov/MVP/media.cfm• http://www.youtube.com/watch?

v=GYAp6uvXxjA

Robotics

• Prosthetics• Surgery– DaVinci

Personalized Medicine

• Predictive• Diagnostics• Therapeutics• Monitor• Genomics• Proteomics• Toxicity

The Quantified SelfA movement to incorporate technology into data acquisition on aspects of a person's daily life in terms of inputs (e.g. food consumed, quality of surrounding air), states (e.g. mood, arousal, blood oxygen levels), and performance (mental and physical). Such self-monitoring and self-sensing, which combines wearable sensors (EEG, ECG, video, etc.) and wearable computing

The Quantified Self

• Nike fuel Band• Fit Bit• Google Glass• Apple watch

Public Health• Big Data• Modeling• Research

– NIH NCI• Epidemiology

– CDC• Pandemic

• Viruses bird flu– Super bugs

• Food Supplies/air water • Smallpox• Polio

• Surveillance 4M door to door• Malaria

Medical Research• Government

– NIH NCI– National Science Foundation

• Research Universities• Research Hospitals

– Mayo, MD Anderson,

• DARPA• Philanthropy

– Gates Foundation

• Literature• Clinical Trials

Future of Medicine

Arthur C. Clarke

• One of [science-fiction author] Arthur C. Clarke’s laws is that any sufficiently advanced technology is indistinguishable from magic.

IT and technology

• Technology is putting more power in the hands of patients, and researchers are learning to combat disorders by harnessing the body's own ability to heal and grow.

Tricorder X Prize

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1m2267NBVdg

• http://www.qualcommtricorderxprize.org/

X Prize• Envision a future where everyone has access to

affordable, personalized healthcare through sophisticated sensing technologies that put you in charge of your own health. Where sensors and devices recognize and measure your personal health information, provide insights and recommendations relevant to you and communicate that information to your physician. That’s the aim of this competition: a whole new level of personalized, digital health information.

• http://nokiasensingxchallenge.org/media/videos/better-data-means-better-health

Brain Mapping Project

• The BRAIN Initiative (Brain Research through Advancing Innovative Neurotechnologies, also referred to as the Brain Activity Map Project) is a proposed collaborative research initiative announced by the Obama administration on April 2, 2013, with the goal of mapping the activity of every neuron in the human brain. Based upon the Human Genome Project, the initiative has been projected to cost more than $300 million per year for ten years

Light Switch for Neurons

• https://www.ted.com/talks/ed_boyden• Ed Boyden shows how, by inserting genes for

light-sensitive proteins into brain cells, he can selectively activate or de-activate specific neurons with fiber-optic implants. With this unprecedented level of control, he's managed to cure mice of analogs of PTSD and certain forms of blindness.

Thank You