Health Science 1101Chapter 3Integumentary System

Integument, or Skin Structure Three layers of

the skin

(from superficial to deep)

1. epidermis

2. dermis

3. subcutaneous

Skin Structure Terms

adip/o

lip/o

steat/o

cutane/o

dermat/o

derm/o

hidr/o

sudor/o

seb/o

onych/o

Pil/o

trich/o

Skin Condition Terms

Ichthy/o

Kerat/o

Myc/o

Necr/o

scler/o

squam/o

xer/o

hydr/o

Skin Color Termscyan/o

erythr/o

leuk/o

albin/o

melan/o

xanth/o

Vitiligo: localized loss of skin pigmentation. Sometimes called leukoderma

Skin Prefixesauto-

epi-

hypo-

sub-

Skin Suffixes

-plasty

-tome

-cele

-cyte

-emia

-esis

-itis

-logy

-logist

-tome

-oma

-osis

-pathy

-rrhea

-penia

-phagia

-phoresis

-derma

-malacia

-therapy

Lesions

Primary lesion: Initial reaction to pathologically altered tissue that may be flat or elevated

Secondary lesion: Result from the changes that take place in the primary lesion due to infection, scratching, trauma, or various stages of the disease.

HemorrhageContusion: Hemorrhage of any size, under

the skin, in which the skin is not broken. AKA: A bruise.

Petechia: Minute or small hemorrhagic spot on the skin

Ecchymosis: Discoloration on the skin consisting of large, irregularly formed hemorrhagic areas. The color is blue-black, changing in time to greenish brown or yellow; commonly called a bruise

Hematoma: Elevated, localized collection of blood trapped under the skin, usually the result of trauma.

Eczema, psoriasis, hirsutism

Eczema: Inflammatory skin disease characterized by redness, itching and blisters

Psoriasis: Chronic skin disease characterized by itchy red patches covered with silvery scales.

Hair growth or hair loss

Hirsutism: Condition characterized by excessive growth of hair in unusual places.

Alopecia: Absence or loss of hair.

Impetigo, Scabies, Tinea

Impetigo: Inflammatory skin disease characterized by isolated pustules that become encrusted and rupture

Scabies: Contagious disease transmitted by mites

Tinea: Fungal infection, also called ringworm

Bumps

Verruca: Rounded epidermal growths caused by viruses. AKA: Warts

Uticaria: Allergic reaction characterized by pale-red elevated, itchy patches. Also called wheals or hives.

Zits and Blackheads

Acne: Inflammatory disease of the sebaceous follicles. May include comedos, papules and pustules.

Comedos: discolored, dried sebum plugging up a excretory duct in the skin. AKA: A blackhead.

Types of Bumps

Abscesses

Abscess: Localized collection of pus at the site of infection

Furuncle: Abscess that originates in a hair follicle, also called a boil.

Carbuncle: Cluster of furuncles in the subcutaneous tissue

Other Skin Disorders

Cyst: A closed sac or pouch in or under the skin that contains fluid, semifluid or solid material.

Ulcer: Lesion of the skin marked by inflammation, necrosis, and sloughing of damaged tissue.

Pressure ulcer: Ulceration caused by prolonged pressure, usually in one who is bedridden. Also called a bedsore or decubitus ulcer

Skin Cancers

Melanoma: A black cancerous tumor of the skin

Basal Cell Carcinoma: A type of skin cancer affecting the basal cell layer of the epidermis

Skin TreatmentBiopsy: Removal of a small

piece of living tissue for microscopic examination used to diagnose and treat disease.

Skin test: Process of inoculating the skin with a small amount of allergen to detect sensitivity.

Abrasion: Scraping or rubbing away of a surface, like the skin.

More TreatmentCryosurgery: Use of subfreezing

temperature to destroy abnormal tissue and cells.

Debridement: removal of foreign material and dead or damaged tissue to promote healing.

Incision and drainage (I and D): Incision of a lesion, such as an abscess, followed by the drainage of its contents.

More Treatments

Skin Resurfacing: Procedure for repairing damaged skin, acne scars, wrinkles or tattoos. May involve lasers, chemicals or abrasion.

Chemical Peel: Use of chemicals to remove the outer layers of the skin.

Dermabrasion: Skin treatment that uses abrasive materials like sandpaper or wire brushes.

Skin Abbreviations

AIDS: Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome

BCC: Basal Cell Carcinoma

BX, bx: Biopsy

FH: Family History

FS: Frozen Section

I&D: Incision and Drainage

ID: Intradermal

More Skin Abbreviations

IM: Intramuscular

IMP: Impression, or diagnosis

PE: Physical Examination

Sub-Q, Subcu: Subcutaneous

Ung: Ointment

WBC: White blood cell

XP: Xeroderma pigmentosum