hazards and recognition

8/13/2019 Hazards and Recognition

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Minimizing Accidents & Injuries

On and Off the JobUsing The Hazard RecognitionApproach To Accident Prevention

MORALE

CREATIVITY &

INNOVATION

QUALITY

INTERVENTION

COST

SAFETY


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HAZARD RECOGNITION

The systematic observation andidentification of unsafe conditions, at-risk

behaviors and underlying managementsystem weaknesses that if permitted tocontinue may lead to employee injury orillness.


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Hazard Recognition/Assessment

Stimulate Safety Awareness

Intended to Change Employees Overall WorkBehavior

Trigger Mechanism To Identify All PotentialHazards On A Job Prior To Beginning WorkOn That Job

Positive Intervention & Feedback


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LEARNING OBJECTIVES

Provide practical knowledge of Principles of Hazard Recognition

Increase awareness & observation skills

Help integrate into daily management & leadership activities

Create opportunity to apply positive intervention and feedbackskills, by focusing on and identifying workplace hazards.

Provide value-added observations &

Suggestions to enhance facility safety effort

Understanding the importance of Controlled Energy State, bydefining it, how to apply it, and what forms of energy to lookfor.


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The Intent of HazardRecognition/Assessment is for everyone

to have adequate knowledge of the

Potential Hazards of the work and worklocation in order to perform the job as

safely as possible!!


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With the emphasis on Safety at AustinIndustrial, people generally know both what

to do and what not to do regarding theirsafety. Yet, with all of this knowledge ofrules and regulations and safety dos and

donts, PEOPLE ARE STILL GETTING

HURT!!


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HAZARD RECOGNITION is oneelement of a comprehensive approach tosafety and health. To be effective,HAZARD RECOGNITION should beimplemented along with the other keyelements of safety and health management.


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Hazard Recognition / Assessment

Procedure To Review Job Methods and

Uncover Hazards

Four Steps:

Select The Job

Break The Job Down into smaller tasks

Identify Hazards and Potential Accidents

Develop Solutions


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Safety Process Subsystems

ManagementObjective Setting

Accountability & Roles

Resource Provision

BehaviorActivity Measures

Employee Participation

Personal Actions

Rewards & Recognition

Safe Work

EnvironmentOSHA Compliance

Engineering Controls

Traditional Safety


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Processes / Programs Necessary

for Safety ExcellenceManagement

Defined Roles,Responsibilities andAccountability for all levels

Incident Investigation

Case Management Communication


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Processes / Programs necessary

for Safety Excellence

Behavioral Behavioral Accident Prevention /

Intervention Process


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Behavior Subsystem

Behavioral Observation Programs

Identifies and addresses unsafe behaviors beforean incident occurs

Positive Intervention & Feedback

Committed employees

Job Safety Assessment Programs

Identifies and addresses hazards related toperforming a task

Hazards addressed before an incident occurs

Committed employees


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Positive Intervention

Immediate (Question what doesnt seem right)

Soon, Certain and Positive--Strongest

Must stop unsafe behavior

Encourage and reinforce safe / desired behavior

Talk with people

Role model


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Safety Subsystems: Safe Workplace

HSE Management Control Process

Incident Investigation/

Incident Management SystemSafe WorkplaceOSHA Compliance

Engineering Controls

Traditional Workplace

Safety

Safety Program Reviews

Case Management

Client HSE Requirements

Safe Work Permit


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Safe Work Environment Subsystem

RegulatoryRequirements

Noise

Energy Isolation(lockout/tagout)

Process safetymanagement

Confined Space

Fall Protection

Crane safety

Welding Operations

Client Processes

Etc.


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PROACTIVE SAFETY MANAGEMENT

Proactive Safety Management measures progressby % Safe Behavior not by accident rates

Fatalities

Lost-time

Accidents

OSHA

Recordables

First Aid

BEHAVIOR

Reactive

Safety

Management

PROACTIVE

Safety

Management


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Fatalities

Lost-Time Accidents

Recordable Accidents

First Aid Accidents

Unsafe Behaviors

How to Measure Safety Performance?

Where to Focus Safety Efforts?


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Austin Industrial Safety Cycle

Upper Limit

Lower Limit

Action Action

Recordable

Rate

Withdrawal


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What Is Safety?


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Safety: Is a function of

Accountability / Responsibility


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Safety Is :Accountability: Stop accepting accidents as acost of doing business and as uncontrollable

events characteristic of the hazards of dailyactivity. People fail to recognize potential,assume it wont happen to them, believe

taking shortcuts (risks) is justified by success.And as a result someone gets injured.


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TYPES OF HAZARDS

BEHAVIORAL

PHYSICAL CHEMICAL

BIOLOGICAL


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BEHAVIORAL HAZARDS - PEOPLE FACTORS

KEY AT-RISK BEHAVIORS Failure to follow safety rules & procedures

Working in an unsafe position or posture Failure to wear proper PPE

Using defective tools or equipment

Removing or making safety devices inoperable

Opening piping, vessels etc. without assuring safecondition

Operating or using equipment without proper training orauthority


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PHYSICAL HAZARDS

Inadequate Machinery Guarding

Exposed Electrical Wiring Inadequate Lighting

Defective Hand Tools

Unsafe Working or Walking Surfaces

Improper Job Task or Workplace

Design


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MATERIALS

Storage

Chemical / Fuels

Compressed Gases


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LOCK-OUT SYSTEMS

Energy Isolation systems

Signs / Tags


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HAZARDOUS WORK

Confined Space

Fork / Lift Truck

Hydroblasting (high pressure water cleaning)

Excavation / Trenching

Crane Operations

Elevated Work


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TYPES OF HAZARDS

Chemical

Inhalation exposures

Acid burns to skin

Chemical splash to eyes


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TYPES OF HAZARDS

Biological Exposure to bloodborne pathogens


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The first minute in an area concentrate

entirely on the actions of the people in thework area and ask yourself three questions:

1) Are they doing the job right? Right from safety and health standpoint

2) Could they get injured or cause

damage to property?3) Does anything look different, out

of place?


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Preparation for Inspections Consider:

What is to be Reviewed?

Who is going to perform? Who is responsible to act on information?

Have people involved been trained

Are checklists available? How often?

GENERAL WORKPLACE CONDITIONS


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GENERAL WORKPLACE CONDITIONS

Where To Look

What To Look For

Facilities

Floors (Walking & Working Surfaces)

Platforms / Scaffolds

Ladders

Stairs

Ventilation

Lighting

Ergonomic Factors


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Observation Techniques

Factual observation (what you see isprobably not what you thought you saw)

First minute --- Best picture of reality

Observe behavior and people

Looks Like Duck--Quacks Like Duck--

Probably is a Duck


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Traditional safety strategies, including protectiveequipment, job redesign, procedures, campaigns,

motivational programs and awards--although theyhave had success in reducing accidents and injuriesin the past--have been yielding diminishing returns.Improved strategies will continue to only marginally

increase occupational safety and health.


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A greater effect may be achieved by directlyaddressing personal risk behaviors. To begin,we asked the following question: WHICH

BASIC HUMAN BEHAVIORS, IFEFFECTIVELY MANAGED, WILL

SIGNIFICANTLY REDUCE WORKPLACE

ACCIDENTS AND INJURIES?


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Purpose of Hazard Recognition

ProcessTo make participants aware of their role

and responsibility for the safety of

themselves, each other, in order toempower them to reduce the number and

severity of accidents and injuries on andoff the job.


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Benefits of Hazard Recognition

As a result of Hazard Recognition, employees will beable to:

Minimize the number and severity of accidentsand injuries on and off the job

Understand the role of personal risk behaviors asprimary causes of accidents and injuries

Distinguish between personal responsibility andcompany responsibility

Be responsible and accountable for the safety of

themselves and others


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Benefits (contd) Increase safety awareness for themselves and

others

Discover an effective technology for accidentand injury prevention

Reduce stress


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Benefits (contd)

Learn the skills to manage others for appropriatesafety behavior

Bring forth their personal commitment toeveryones safety


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Man + Machine + Uncontrolled Energy Release =Accident***

Man Machine

Energy Source

Accident

Triangle

Gravity

Chemical

Thermal

Residual Stored

Pneumatic

Hydraulic

Pressurized Liquids / Gases

Mechanical

***Removing one element or creating effective barriers

will reduce risk of having accident.

Associated

Hazards


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SOURCES OF ENERGY

Electrical Mechanical

Hydraulic

Pneumatic Thermal

Residual Stored

Gravity

Pressurized Liquids / Gases

Chemicals


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RECOGNIZE AND CORRECT HAZARDS.


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Chemicals must be stored in a safe and

orderly condition.


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Appropriate storage cabinets and rooms must be

provided for storage of flammable materials.

Proper f lammable sto rage cabinet. Proper outd oor f lammable sto rage

room.


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Tanks, drums and containers of flammable

materials must be properly bonded andgrounded during dispensing.

Bonding and ground ing straps.No bond ing or ground ing st raps

for f lammable disp ensing .


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Incompatible materials must be separated to

avoid adverse chemical reactions.

Proper signage for incompatib le

materials.

Improper storage of incompatib le

oxygen and acetylene.

CHEMICALS


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Adequate number of waste containers must beavailable and properly stored for waste disposal.

Proper f lammable waste can. Proper waste staging .


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Compressed gas cylinders must be stored

upright and secured to prevent falling over.

Proper ly secured cy l inders.

Improper cyl inder segregat ion

Improp er ly secured cyl in ders.


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Cylinders must be segregated by content and

hazard.

Proper f lammable cy l inder

segregation.Improp er cyl inder segregat ion.


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Cylinders must be stored with the caps in

place when not in use.

Cyl inder caps prop er ly in place.Missing c yl inder caps .

Cyl inders n ot s ecured


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Electrical control panels must be accessible

with free and ready access.

Block ed access to ci rcu i t breaker box. Poor access to discon nects.


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Good access to electr ical panels.

Electrical control panels must be accessible

with free and ready access.

Good access to electr ical panels.


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Electrical control panels, junction boxes and

switches must be free of openings intointernal electrical components.

Missing cover on junc t ion box. Exposed wir ing into motor hous ing.


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Flexible electrical cords must be maintained

away from wet location.

Unpro tected f lexib le extensio n cord

used in wet locat ion.

Flexible extensio n co rd used

in potent ia l ly w et locat ion.


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Portable ladders must be properly secured

and on firm level ground.

Unstable ground suppor t for

extens ion ladd er.

All Portable Ladders:

-Securely positioned on

the ground.

Extension Ladders:

-Extend sufficiently over

the landing platform (3ft.)-Secured at the top during

use.


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Proper use of com pressed air to

clean equipment.

Compressed air must only be used for

cleaning equipment and not the employeesbody.

Imp roper use of comp ressed air to

clean the emp loyee.


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Proper br idge crossing under

conveyor.

Conveyors must be provided with safe

means for crossing over or under.

Imp roper cross ing o ver con veyor.


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Abrasive wheel grinders must have

appropriately adjusted tool rests and tongueguards.

Proper ly adjusted gr in der guard.

TOUNGEGUARD

TOOL/WORK

REST 1/8


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Abrasive wheel grinders must have appropriately

adjusted tool rests and tongue guards.

Too l rest imp roper ly adjusted.No too l rest, tongue guard or

side guard.


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Unstable sto rage of mater ia ls.

Material stored in racks must be stable and

securely positioned.

Unstable sto rage of mater ia ls.


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Proper ly used wheel chock.

Wheel chocks must be provided and utilized by

trucks and vehicles during loading and unloading.

Fai lure to use wheel chock.


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Fall Hazards

Work o n to p o f a rai lcar.Work on internal bui ld ing

structures.


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Fall Hazards

Work on unguarded roof . Work on top of equipment.


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Full body harnesses must be worn in all fall hazard

situations with the potential for free fall.

Ful l Body Harness Use of bod y belt no t acceptable.


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