harkness2e chap22 ppt

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Chapter 22: School Health

Copyright © 2016 Wolters Kluwer • All Rights Reserved 2

Chapter Highlights• Historical perspectives of school

health• Components and organization of

school health programs• School health scope of services• Health assessment and screening of

school-aged children• Development, implementation, and

evaluation of preventive health programs

• Common health concerns in schools


School Health NursingSpecialized practice of professional nursing that advances the well-being, academic success, and lifelong achievement of students


QuestionIs the following statement true or false?Early Periodic Screening, Diagnosis, and Treatment (EPSDT)—program mandated by a state law passed in 1969, which required that children and adolescents younger than 21 years of age have access to the periodic screenings in several states


AnswerFalseRationale: Early Periodic Screening, Diagnosis, and Treatment (EPSDT)—program mandated by a federal law passed in 1969, which required that children and adolescents younger than 21 years of age have access to the periodic screenings


Historical Perspectives Since the passage of PL 94-142 in 1975, school nurses provide more complex care for several conditions.


Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)

Wide-ranging federal legislation enacted in 1990 that is intended to make American society more accessible to people with disabilities


Early Periodic Screening, Diagnosis, and Treatment (EPSDT)

Program mandated by a federal law passed in 1969, which required that children and adolescents younger than 21 years of age have access to the periodic screenings


Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA)

• Federal law enacted in 1990 and reauthorized in 1997, designed to protect the rights of students with disabilities by ensuring that everyone receives a free, appropriate public education, regardless of ability

• IDEA strives to grant equal access to students with disabilities and to provide additional special education services and procedural safeguards.


Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance Survey (YRBSS)

Data from the YRBSS, a biannual report of the common risk behaviors influencing the health of our nation’s youth, can be used by the school nurse as a tool for monitoring trends both locally and nationally.


Role of the School Nurse• Health assessment

• Individual• Population based• Health promotion • School health needs

• Health educator• Emergency preparedness


Common Health Concerns• Drugs and alcohol• Smoking• Sexual behavior and teenage

pregnancy• Sexually transmitted infections• Nutrition• Violence


The School Nurse as a Child Advocate

• Provide education and communication necessary to ensure that the student’s health and educational needs are met

• Implement strategies to reduce disruptions in the student’s school activities

• Communicate with families and healthcare providers as authorized


The School Nurse as a Child Advocate (cont.)

• Ensure the student receives prescribed medications and treatments and that staff who interact with the student on a regular basis are knowledgeable about these needs

• Provide a safe and healthy school environment to promote learning


The Future of School Health: The Community School Model

• The future of school nursing is providing a prevention framework that links the community and the school.

• Collaborative design that uses the resources of a community to provide structured preventive services such as after-school programs, parent outreach, and crisis intervention.