About the MathProfessional Development

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About the MathProfessional Development

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LESSON AT A GLANCE

579A Chapter 10

Why Teach ThisAs part of their vocabulary building and extension of mathematical knowledge, kindergarten children are ready to describe and identify three-dimensional shapes or solid shapes, such as spheres, cylinders, cubes, and cones. Since birth, children have explored a three-dimensional world.

In this chapter, children will widen and deepen their knowledge as they learn the names of the shapes, sort them according to their properties, and compare them to two-dimensional, or flat, shapes. They will find and identify the many examples of these geometric shapes in their school environment. This helps them become more aware of mathematics in real life. It also lays the foundation for later work with volume and surface area of three-dimensional shapes.

Hands On • Identify, Name,and Describe Spheres

Learning ObjectiveIdentify, name, and describe three-dimensional shapes, including spheres.

Language ObjectiveChildren use their book as a resource to help them explain how to identify, name, and describe spheres.

MaterialsMathBoard, three-dimensional shapes, Three- Dimensional Shapes (see eTeacher Resources)

F C R Focus:Common Core State Standards

K.G.A.2 Correctly name shapes regardless of their orientations or overall size.

MATHEMATICAL PRACTICES (See Mathematical Practices in GO Math! in the Planning Guide for full text.)MP5 Use appropriate tools strategically. MP6 Attend to precision. MP7 Look for and make use of structure.

F C R Coherence:Standards Across the GradesGrade KK.G.A.2

After1.G.A.1

F C R Rigor:Level 1: Understand Concepts....................Share and Show ( Checked Items)Level 2: Procedural Skills and Fluency.......On Your Own, Practice and HomeworkLevel 3: Applications..................................Think Smarter and Go Deeper

F C R For more about how GO Math! fosters Coherence within the Content Standards and Mathematical Progressions for this chapter, see page 569J.

FOCUS COHERENCE RIGOR

LESSON 10.2

Interactive Student Edition

Personal Math Trainer

Math on the Spot Video

iTools: Geometry

HMH Mega Math

ENGAGE1Daily Routines

Common Core

Lesson 10.2 579B

How can you identi fy, name, and describe spheres?

with the Interactive Student Edition

Essential QuestionHow can you identify, name, and describe spheres?

Making ConnectionsHave children discuss what they know about cones. Draw a cone. Does a cone have a curved surface? yes Draw a circle, a triangle, a rectangle, and a square. Which shapes have parts that are flat? triangle, rectangle, square Which shapes have parts that are curved? circle

Learning ActivityGuide children toward recognizing and identifying a sphere.

• What do Scout and Rafferty find? Two kinds of balls.

• What does Scout want to know? Which ball is shaped like a sphere.

• Do the balls have curved surfaces or flat surfaces? curved surfaces

Literacy and MathematicsChoose one or more of the following activities.

• Have children draw as many different playing balls as they can and discuss their shapes.

• Have children look around the classroom for items that have a curved surface. Have them talk about what they find.

Vocabulary BuilderSphereMaterials three-dimensional shapes; spherical classroom objects, such as balls, globe, snow globes

Show a sphere and have children describe its shape. round all over or curved Stress the word curved: The sphere has a curved surface. Pass the sphere around so that children can feel it and look at it from all angles. Have a child demonstrate that the sphere can roll.

Have children identify other classroom objects as spheres.

Problem of the Day 10.2Calendar Math Find and read the date. Name the days of the week. How many Mondays are there this month?

Have a child point to the names of the days of the week on the classroom calendar as the

class reads them. Help children count the number of Mondays.

Vocabulary sphere, three-dimensional

shapes

Interactive Student EditionMultimedia Glossary e

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Chapter 10 • Lesson 2 fi ve hundred seventy-nine 579

Identify, Name, and Describe SpheresEssential Question How can you identify, name,and describe spheres?

DIRECTIONS Place three-dimensional shapes on the page. Identify and name the sphere. Sort the shapes on the sorting mat. Describe the sphere. Match a picture of each shape to the shapes on the sorting mat. Glue the shape pictures on the sorting mat.

sphere not a sphere

Geometry—K.G.A.2

MATHEMATICAL PRACTICESMP5, MP6, MP7

Check children’s work.

K.G.A.2 Correctly name shapes regardless of their orientations or overall size.

Name

DIRECTIONS 1. Circle the objects that are shaped like spheres. Color those objects.

Shopping for Spheres

Lesson 10.2Enrich

10-8 EnrichChapter Resources© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Name

Identify, Name, and Describe Spheres

DIRECTIONS A sphere has a curved surface and no fl at surfaces. Use shapes. Trace the shapes with your fi nger. 1. Trace the gray sphere with your crayon 2-4. Color the spheres.

Lesson 10.2Reteach

10-7 ReteachChapter Resources© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

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579 Chapter 10

Enrich 10.2Reteach 10.2

Listen and Draw Materials three-dimensional shapes, Three-Dimensional Shapes (see eTeacher Resources)

Read aloud this problem as children listen.Ray has four shapes. One is a sphere. How can Ray describe the sphere?

MP5 Use appropriate tools strategically. Have children use a cube, a cylinder, a cone, and a sphere. Hold up a sphere and ask children to hold up a shape that is like it. Introduce the name of the shape—sphere.• How can you describe a sphere? Accept

reasonable answers.

• What can you tell about the surface of a sphere? Possible answers: It is round. It has a curved surface. It does not have any flat surfaces.

Read the labels on the sorting mat. Have children place the three-dimensional shapes on the page and sort them. Have children describe the sphere. Then have children match a picture of each shape to the shapes on the mat and glue the pictures on the page.• I am holding a shape that has no flat

surfaces. What shape am I holding? a sphere

Reread the problem about Ray.• How can Ray describe his sphere? Ray can say

a sphere is round and has curves. It has no flat surfaces.

MP7 Look for and make use of structure.• Name some things that are shaped like a

sphere. How are they alike? The shapes have curved surfaces and no flat surfaces.

ELL Strategy: Rephrase

Children can demonstrate understanding by rephrasing ideas about shapes.• Point to the circle. This is a circle. It is a flat

shape. Hold up the sphere. This is a sphere. It is a solid shape.

Let each child hold the sphere and touch the circle. Then ask children to tell in their own words how the sphere is different from the circle. Make sure they mention that the circle is flat and the sphere has a curved surface.Ask children to find other objects in the room that are spheres.

LESSON 10.2

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DIRECTIONS 1. Look at the sphere. Circle the words that describe a sphere. 2. Color the spheres.

Quick Check

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COMMON ERRORS

Advanced Learners

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Error Children may confuse circles and spheres.

Example Children call a sphere a circle.Springboard to Learning Have children trace a circle. Then have them hold a sphere. Guide children to see that both are round, but the circle is flat and the sphere is not flat; it is curved like a ball.

a child misses the checked exercise(s)

Differentiate Instruction with • Reteach 10.2

• Personal Math Trainer K.G.A.2

• RtI Tier 1 Activity (online)

Share and ShowAsk children to name the red shape at the top of the page. Read the label sphere with children. Explain that the surface of an object is all of the outside, or the surfaces are all of the outer parts. Rub your hands around the surface of the sphere to demonstrate the word. Talk about the sphere’s curved surface.MP6 Attend to precision.• How many flat surfaces does a sphere

have? none How do you know? Possible answer: The whole surface feels rounded.

• What word could you use to describe the surface of a sphere? curved

Read the descriptions next to the sphere. Instruct children to circle the correct description. curved surface

• Now look at Exercise 2. How many spheres do you see? 2

• Why are the other shapes not called spheres? They have flat surfaces.

Have children color the two spheres.Use the checked exercise(s) for Quick Check.

Visual Small Group

Materials magazines, scissors, large paper, glue

Provide each small group with materials and have them make a two column chart labeled spheres and not spheres.Have children find and cut out pictures of three-dimensional objects that are spheres and objects that are not spheres.Have children glue the pictures on the chart in the correct column. Invite them to share their poster about solid shapes.

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DIRECTIONS 3. Identify the objects that are shaped like a sphere. Mark an X on those objects.

Math on the Spot videos are in the Interactive Student Edition and at www.thinkcentral.com.

581 Chapter 10

More PracticeLook at Exercise 3 together.• What do you see? a bookcase filled with objects

Have children take turns naming the objects shown on the shelves, starting with the top shelf—balloon, cylinder, block, can, horn, globe, wrapped present, baseball, book.

• Which objects are shaped like a sphere? the balloon, the globe, and the baseball

Have children mark an X on each object shaped like a sphere.Encourage children to name other objects they know that are shaped like a sphere.

SMARTER

Ask children to look at the middle shelf on the page. Have children take turns naming each object and identifying the matching three-dimensional shape. can, cylinder; horn, cone; globe, sphere

DEEPER

MP7 Look for and make use of structure. Have children talk about the shapes in the problem: a sphere, a cylinder, and a cone. Display the three solid shapes.• How are the surfaces of a cylinder, a cone,

and a sphere the same? They all have curved surfaces.

• How are the surfaces of a cylinder and a cone the same? Both have curved and flat surfaces.

4 ELABORATE

Math on the Spot Video TutorUse this video to help children model and solve this type of Think Smarter problem.

Differentiated Centers Kit

DIFFERENTIATED INSTRUCTION INDEPENDENT ACTIVITIESD

MATHEMATICAL PRACTICES

WRITEWRITEMathMath

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HOME ACTIVITY • Have your child identify and describe an object in the house that is shaped like a sphere.

DIRECTIONS 4. I have a curved surface. Which shape am I? Mark an X on that shape. 5. Draw to show what you know about a real object that is shaped like a sphere.

Check children’s work. EVALUATE5 Formative Assessment

MATHEMATICAL PRACTICES

Lesson 10.2 582

Essential QuestionReflect Using the Language Objective Have children use their book as a resource to help them answer the Essential Question.How can you identify, name, and describe spheres? I know that spheres are shapes that have curves and no flat surfaces. I know that a ball is a sphere.

LiteratureI Know Big and Small

ActivitiesFind the Shapes

Children read the book and identify big and small objects.

Children complete the orange Activity Card 12 by

sorting three-dimensional shapes.

MP7 Look for and make use of structure. Read the riddle for Exercise 4. Ask children to explain how they will solve the riddle.• Look at Exercise 4. Which shape has a

curved surface? Possible answers: the sphere; the red shape; the one that is shaped like a ball

• Mark it with an X.Then look at Exercise 5 together.MP1 Make sense of problems and persevere in solving them. Before children draw to show what they know about an object shaped like a sphere, discuss what children have already learned about the features of a sphere. Include in the discussion that a sphere has a curved surface.

Math Journal Math

MP7 Look for and make use of structure. Have children share their completed drawings and tell what they know about what all spheres have in common.

Problem Solving • Applications

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Practice and HomeworkLesson 10.2

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Identify, Name, and Describe Spheres

DIRECTIONS 1. Identify the objects that are shaped like a sphere. Mark an X on those objects.

COMMON CORE STANDARD—K.G.A.2 Identify and describe shapes (squares, circles, triangles, rectangles, hexagons, cubes, cones, cylinders, and spheres).

583 Chapter 10

Practice and HomeworkUse the Practice and Homework pages to provide children with more practice of the concepts and skills presented in this lesson. Children master their understanding and begin using critical thinking skills as they complete the practice items.

Materials paper bag, three-dimensional shapes

• Talk about how people use their senses to see, hear, taste, smell, and touch. As you point to your eyes, ears, mouth, nose, and hands, discuss how each is used.

• Explain that children are going to focus on their sense of touch, using their hands.

• Have children watch as you place different three-dimensional shapes in a paper bag. Only one shape should be a sphere.

• Have children take turns reaching into the bag to find the sphere using only their sense of touch.

SOCIAL STUDIES

Materials globe

• Display a globe and identify it for children.• What is this globe a model of? planet Earth

• What shape is the globe and planet Earth? a sphere

• Help children locate the oceans. What color is used to show water on the globe? blue

• Talk about the globe and determine the colors used to show land.

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Lesson Check (K.G.A.2)

Spiral Review (K.CC.A.3, K.G.A.2)

DIRECTIONS 1. Which shape is a sphere? Mark an X on the shape. 2. Which shape is a square? Color the square. 3. How many school buses are there? Write the number.

Lesson 10.2 584

Continue concepts and skills practice with Lesson Check. Use Spiral Review to engage children in previously taught concepts and to promote content retention. Common Core standards are correlated to each section.