hand arm vibration management - darlington · box-talk on hand arm vibration (appendix 5 – hand...

- DARLINGTON - BOROUGH COUNCIL

This document was classified as: OFFICIAL

Hand Arm Vibration Management

Corporate Health and Safety Arrangements

Document Name Hand Arm Vibration Management

Document Number CSA030

Authorised By Health and Safety Team

Date of Issue May 2019

Dates Reviewed Amendments Authorised By

September 2004

September 2010

September 2013

May 2019 Scheduled review, update to responsibilities and health surveillance requirements.

Health and Safety Team


Contents

1.0 Purpose ......................................................................................................................................................................... 3 2.0 Distribution ................................................................................................................................................................... 3 3.0 Introduction .................................................................................................................................................................. 3 4.0 Responsibilities ............................................................................................................................................................. 3

4.1 Directors and Assistant Directors............................................................................................................................. 3 4.1 Line Managers .......................................................................................................................................................... 4 4.1 Employees Responsibilities ...................................................................................................................................... 4 4.1 Occupational Health Nurse Responsibilities ............................................................................................................ 4 4.1 The Health & Safety Team Responsibilities.............................................................................................................. 5

5.0 Planning to Eliminate Risk............................................................................................................................................. 5 6.0 Training, Information and Instruction........................................................................................................................... 5 7.0 Employee Pre-Employment Screening & Health Surveillance ...................................................................................... 6 8.0 Vulnerable Employees – Hand-Arm Vibration Syndrome............................................................................................. 7 9.0 Agency Workers and Non-Employees (Volunteers)...................................................................................................... 7 10.0 Purchasing and Hiring ................................................................................................................................................... 7 11.0 Contract Procedures ..................................................................................................................................................... 8 12.0 Maintenance Procedures.............................................................................................................................................. 8 13.0 Equipment Testing ........................................................................................................................................................ 8 14.0 Operational Procedures ................................................................................................................................................ 9 15.0 Operational Vibration Control .................................................................................................................................... 10 16.0 Further Information and Guidance ............................................................................................................................. 12 17.0 Appendix 1 – Summary - Control of Vibration at Work Regulations 2005 ................................................................. 13 18.0 Appendix 2 – What is HAVS and what are the health effects ..................................................................................... 15 19.0 Appendix 3 – Examples of HAV Risk Assessment........................................................................................................ 18 20.0 Appendix 4 – Guidance on Risk Assessment – Vibration at Work .............................................................................. 20 21.0 Appendix 5 – Hand Arm Vibration Toolbox Talk ......................................................................................................... 22 22.0 Appendix 6 – Buying / Hiring Tools and Equipment.................................................................................................... 25 23.0 Appendix 7 – Example of Machine Data Sheet ........................................................................................................... 26 24.0 Appendix 8 – HAVS Exposure Record Sheet ............................................................................................................... 27

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Corporate Health and Safety Arrangements Hand Arm Vibration Arrangements

1.0 Purpose

Darlington Borough Council is committed to protecting its employees and those engaged in providing services to the Council from personal injury resulting from excessive exposure to vibrating machinery and equipment arising from Council activities.

To ensure that exposure to hand arm vibration is adequately controlled to reduce the risk of adverse health effects to Council employees and non-employees (volunteers). This arrangement will meet the requirements of the Health & Safety at Work Act 1974, the Management of Health & Safety at Work Regulations 1999 and parts of the Control of Vibration at Work Regulations 2005 relating to hand arm vibration.

To provide guidance to managers and employees on the legal standards relating to hand arm vibration in the workplace. Managers and supervisors must remember that they are legally obliged to do everything in their power to ensure, so far as is reasonably practicable, the health and safety of employees under their control or supervision, and of other persons affected by activities under their control.

To advise managers and employees of the main preventative and protective measures which should be taken to control the risks to health and safety associated with workplace hand arm vibration. To form Darlington Borough Council’s arrangements for health and safety under the Corporate Health and Safety Policy. To be used by all Council employees involved in the planning, organisation, control, monitoring or review of arrangements for hand arm vibration in the workplace. To be used during contractor vetting and monitoring as an indication of the arrangements that contractors working for the Council should address in their own health and safety arrangements and in practice.

2.0 Distribution

To be brought to the attention of all direct Council employees and any agency employees who manage, supervise or monitor work with the potential to create vibration hazards.

3.0 Introduction

Council health and safety policies, arrangements and guidance notes should be regarded as the health and safety standard each Service, School and team is expected to achieve, and against which health and safety performance will be monitored and audited.

The Control of Vibration at Work Regulations 2005 came into force 6th July 2005 and requires employers to protect persons against risk to their health, safety and welfare arising from exposure to vibration at work.

A synopsis of the Regulations are summarised in Appendix 1 and outline the daily action/limit values; along with the requirements, preventive measures and controls required to meet Council obligations. Appendix 2 gives detailed information about the health effects of HAVS on the human body and gives examples of those processes that have the potential to cause a HAVS health risk.

4.0 Responsibilities

4.1 Directors and Assistant Directors

Responsible for ensuring that suitable and sufficient arrangements are in place to implement the Corporate Arrangement within their sphere of responsibility, including monitoring their service area risk assessment programme and ensure that health risks caused or affected by exposure to occupational vibration are considered and being controlled.

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4.1 Line Managers

For the purposes of reference Managers and Supervisors are defined within this arrangement as Line Managers and are responsible for:-

carrying out HAVS risk assessments where tasks will result in exposure exceeding the action value in order to plan work with vibrating equipment so that risk is eliminated or if elimination cannot be achieved, to reduce risk as low as reasonably practicable;

maintaining records of HAVS risk assessments, employee training including toolbox talks, vibration exposure monitoring, health surveillance and equipment maintenance & registers;

ensuring that daily vibration exposure is recorded where necessary, and to verify operatives triggers times are correct, by on-site observation/monitoring;

ensuring that over exposure is recorded and immediate action taken to prevent reoccurrence;

ensuring that appropriate training on HAVS for all employees at risk and/or exposed to vibratory equipment is provided, updated and reviewed;

ensure proposed new equipment is compared to others on the market and where possible tested prior to purchase;

Inform H&S Team of new equipment to arrange for measuring and completion of machine data sheet

Ensure machine inventory is up to date

Attend periodic HAVS management meetings with the Health and Safety Team.

ensuring that known risks forms are completed at the pre-employment stage or as requested by the Occupational Health Service or Health & Safety Team.

Ensure baseline figures for HAVS are carried out by OHS within one month of starting, for higher risk occupations.

Ensure agency workers undergo pre-employment screening (see section 9.0)

Ensure any reports from OHS regarding employees where a problem may exist is followed up with a personal risk assessment.

4.1 Employees Responsibilities

Employees are responsible for their own health and safety and that of their colleagues and members of the public who may be affected by their work activities; and are responsible for reporting any shortcomings in work systems and any defects in safety equipment. In addition employees must:

follow the safe systems of work given to them to ensure risks are eliminated or minimised;

attend all health surveillance appointments with an Occupational Health professional;

attend and participate in training on safety around the use of vibrating equipment;

report any developing health concerns arising from working with vibratory equipment; and

promptly report any defects with equipment to their Line Manager.

4.1 Occupational Health Nurse Responsibilities

Occupational Health shall:-

carry out pre-employment, health surveillance assessments and, where necessary, standardised tests for Council employees;

carry out HAVS baseline tests for operatives in high risk areas within one month of starting for the Authority

ensure that cases of employees health affected by vibration are reported to the relevant Line Managers and the Health & Safety Team for RIDDOR compliance;

ensure that copies of records on health surveillance are maintained and stored so that either the employee or the enforcing authority may obtain such records on request.

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4.1 The Health & Safety Team Responsibilities

Health & Safety Team – Responsible for offering advice and guidance to employees and managers on compliance with the Control of Vibration at Work Regulations and, where requested, providing training. In addition the Health & Safety Team:-

where requested to, carry out machine vibration tests and report findings to the relevant Line Manager; (in some areas the designated trained person will carry out a machine vibration test and report findings to Line Manager and H&S Team)

periodically observe designated trained person carrying out vibration measurements.

will keep a record of the results of machine vibration tests and produce machine data sheets where required.

organise periodic HAVS management meetings.

will report cases of notifiable diseases to the Health & Safety Executive.

5.0 Planning to Eliminate Risk

Line Managers shall ensure a suitable and sufficient risk assessment is carried out and documented that will:-identify vibration equipment that may give rise to exposure that has the potential for harm (and keep an inventory);

ensure machine data sheets are available and up to date;

identify who is at risk;

decide if the processes can be changed or managed differently to eliminate risk or, where this is not possible, reduce risk to as low a level as is reasonably practicable;

decide on the control measures to reduce the risk to the lowest possible level, including purchasing and hiring of new equipment with low vibration magnitude data;

monitor and review the effectiveness of the controls in place;

incorporate annual health surveillance for employees who regularly come into contact with vibrating equipment above the exposure action value of 2.5 m/s2 A(8);

review and audit the risk assessment annually.

In carrying out the planning risk assessment Line Managers will adapt a suitable and sufficient form of risk assessment documentation, examples of completed forms are in Appendix 3. Guidance on completing a risk assessment is attached in Appendix 4 – Guidance on Risk Assessment – Vibration at Work.

6.0 Training, Information and Instruction

Line Managers will attend the necessary training required to fulfil the requirements of this corporate arrangement.

Line Managers shall ensure where employees have been identified as being at risk of exposure to vibrating equipment the employees are given adequate instruction with regard to the symptoms, risk and methods of controlling exposure.

All Employees being at risk of exposure to vibrating equipment shall undergo a service induction and awareness training. Service inductions shall entail, as a minimum standard, the Corporate Arrangement on hand arm vibration (either, as appropriate, issued in full or summarised verbally), either, as appropriate, the standard Corporate tool-box-talk on hand arm vibration (Appendix 5 – Hand Arm Vibration Toolbox Talk) or where available a service specific tool-box-talk and finally the HSE leaflet INDG296 Hand Arm Vibration, Advice for Employees (the leaflet can be obtained through HSE publications or downloaded from the HSE website www.hse.gov.uk.

Line Managers shall be responsible for ensuring all operatives are adequately trained and that appropriate records, including records of service inductions given and HAVS awareness training, are maintained.

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HAVS awareness courses are available for both Line Managers and operatives by contacting HR Services and will be conducted by the Health & Safety Team’s Advisers.

7.0 Employee Pre-Employment Screening & Health Surveillance

Line Managers shall ensure pre-employment known risks referral forms (CSR053) are completed for each prospective new employee whose job requires the use of vibrating tools, which may affect their health; known risks forms shall be returned to Xentrall Recruitment Services. Where operating powered vibrating tools has been identified as a known risk Xentrall Recruitment Services shall organise a health surveillance assessment for the prospective new employee.

Pre-employment applicants will be screened by the Occupational Health Service for symptoms of Hand Arm Vibration Syndrome or other medical conditions, which may restrict or prohibit work with vibrating equipment. The Occupational Health provider shall carry out a HAVS baseline assessment (within one month of starting for high risk areas) and submit a report to the relevant Line Manager and copied to HR & the Health & Safety Team.

Health surveillance is required for all workers who carry out tasks identified as giving a significant risk of Hand-Arm Vibration Syndrome. The surveillance programme will include regular health checks and enable any symptoms to be assessed and appropriate information to be given to individuals regarding further exposure to vibration. Employees must report any further assessment by the Occupational Health Provider to their Line Managers. If employees continue to operate below exposure levels and show no symptoms only an annual paper screen shall be carried out. Records of paper screen shall be kept by the Line Manager.

Line Managers must obtain health surveillance reports from the occupational health professional and keep a record of reports, ensuring they are maintained in such a way that they are readily retrievable and protected against damage, deterioration or loss.

Where HAV assessment indicates an employee is at Stage 1 symptoms or above or an annual paper screen identifies changes or developing symptoms an appointment with the Occupational Health Nurse shall be organised by the Line Manager, and any additional appointments (such as with the Occupational Health Medical Practitioner) deemed necessary by the Occupational Health Service. Where employees are regularly operating above 2.5m/s2 an annual paper screen will be carried out and every 3rd year will also attend a Health Screening appointment with the Occupational Health Service Nurse.

Line Managers shall ensure that screening of prospective new employees takes place in good time and within the probation period. Should Managers find that a prospective employee is not well-matched to the job due to the work involving vibratory tools affecting their health, Managers shall consult with HR Services on an appropriate course of action. Advice from the Council's HR Service and Occupational Health Service will be considered when making offers of employment. Where appropriate all practical adjustments will be made to accommodate any restrictions identified and a personal risk assessment carried out.

Where the Council carries out any restructuring where employees/groups may significantly change duties, Line Managers shall be required to retrace the health surveillance process above.

If there is significant change in role for employees, the manager must review their risk assessments. If the hazards identified now include work which requires health surveillance then the manager must complete the ‘Known Risk’ form available on the health and safety pages of the intranet (Appendix 2). Examples of when this may be relevant include:

The employee may have taken on a new task that has previously been identified as needing health surveillance (i.e. internal transfer or a redeployed employee);

The service may have taken on a new processes or equipment that expose employees to health risk;

A greater understanding of processes may have identified areas that need health surveillance with Occupational Health though it may not previously have been the case.

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A completed ‘Known Risks’ form for each employee affected is sent, by the manager, to Occupational Health with supplementary information about the change of role i.e. a copy of the risk assessment, job description etc to assist the Occupational Health Advisor identify the need for health surveillance. Occupational Health contacts the manager if an appointment is required. The manager will contact HR Performance and Service Support to arrange an appointment.

8.0 Vulnerable Employees – Hand-Arm Vibration Syndrome

Some employees may have existing medical conditions similar to HAVS or through medical screening have been identified as having symptoms of HAVS or other medical conditions, which may give a predisposition to contracting the disease; such employees may be given extra restrictions placed upon them with regard to workplace vibration exposure. All such employees will be individually consulted by Line Managers and instructed on their individual levels of exposure and control measures. Line Managers shall ensure that clear records of any such restrictions are documented and that any individuals restrictions are clearly communicated and understood by the employee and any relevant supervising staff. Managers to ensure that these employees have regular medical screening to ensure the restrictions are still valid or further restrictions are required and personal risk assessments amended as necessary.

At pre-employment or for any current employee who is for the first time using vibratory equipment Line Managers must ensure the Occupational Health Service is notified of the use of vibratory equipment, even where vibration levels are below the EAV, and protected by additional control measures.

9.0 Agency Workers and Non-Employees (Volunteers)

All agency workers must undergo pre-employment screening before beginning work for DBC, screening will be conducted by the Employment Agency and the Line Manager shall obtain records of pre-employment screening for all agency workers they employ. The Employment Agency shall indicate all supplied agency workers are fit for work with vibrating tools or indicate where there are conditions to their work. If the Line Manager is intending the agency worker to remain in employment for more than 12 months they shall ensure the agency worker is on the Councils health surveillance programme, all records are to be retained. Line Managers who manage volunteers working for the council shall ensure that no volunteer exceeds the Exposure Action Value in any one day while on duty with the Council. Line Managers employing volunteers who work with vibratory tools shall establish time limits for working with those tools and give information, instruction and training to the volunteers, in particular, the maximum period of time allowed to work with their tools. Line Managers shall in addition highlight the risks to health of using vibrating tools, give training on the best techniques to minimise exposure and give information on the potential ill health affects and how to recognise signs of ill health.

10.0 Purchasing and Hiring

Before purchasers commit financially to either buying or hiring potentially hazardous equipment or machinery, the must make a reasoned assessment of why they have chosen a particular piece of equipment. This could be achieved by having the equipment on trial prior to purchase. The aim of this process is to ensure that equipment with the lowest vibration levels are bought / hired so far as reasonably practicable.

Manufacturers or suppliers must provide information on vibration levels and the vibration controls built into the equipment. The information should be requested and retained by the relevant Line Manager. Manufacturers and suppliers provide information on vibration levels of hand held equipment and machinery that are likely to subject operators to vibration exceeding 2.5 m/s2. Where manufacturers have tested equipment for vibration but the results are shown to be below 2.5 m/s2 this must be stated in the supplied information also.

For each purchase the purchaser shall complete the form in Appendix 6 – Buying / Hiring Tools and Equipment. The aim should be to purchase or hire equipment which generates the lowest levels of vibration as practicable,

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conducive with the operational effectiveness of the equipment. Prior to purchase it is recommended that the equipment is measured. Once the purchase has been made the purchaser of the equipment shall consult with the Health & Safety Team in order to ascertain an operational vibration level, which is intended for use in personal monitoring. Line Managers shall ensure any new equipment is registered on their services equipment list and that relevant risk assessments are reviewed in respect of any new equipment purchased or hired.

11.0 Contract Procedures

Line Managers procuring works by contract from external service providers will ensure that contractors' health and safety procedures include procedures for protection from excessive exposure to vibration and that this is a requirement of the Contract. Management will put in place measures to audit the Contractors compliance with procedures.

12.0 Maintenance Procedures

Line Managers shall ensure that all equipment they operate is properly maintained in accordance to the manufacturer’s recommendations and employees are instructed on how to inspect all equipment including any specific checks needed to manage the risk of vibration prior to use. Employees shall be advised to note, report and repair or replace any equipment which demonstrates excessive and abnormal vibration in regular use. Line Managers shall ensure inspections are recorded and the records retained in a safe place. Equipment Inventory

Line Managers shall put in place an equipment inventory that identifies all items of equipment with the potential to give rise to excessive vibration in normal use. The register will identify the equipment by type, manufacture, model and a unique identification number. Further data relating to actual measured vibration levels and exposure times will also be recorded where they are available. It is essential that all services ensure that a thorough audit of equipment is prepared and maintained.

Inventory to be regularly checked with machine data sheets to ensure operatives have the correct information available.

13.0 Equipment Testing

Line Managers shall identify equipment with the potential to give rise to excessive vibration in normal use by means of:

use of the manufacturer’s vibration data; observing the equipment when in operation; or

employee(s) showing symptoms of HAVS.

Line Managers will ensure, wherever possible, that the identified equipment is tested to ascertain its true vibration magnitude.

In-house trained officers, or external contractors who have had the appropriate training, can conduct vibration magnitude tests for the Council. Where adequate vibration magnitude testing cannot be achieved Line Managers shall obtain vibration magnitude data from equivalent sources, e.g. proprietary databases for vibrating equipment.

Note! Manufacturer’s data does not constitute an adequate source of vibration magnitude data for the purposes of estimating employee exposures. The correct function of manufacturer’s published data is to allow buyers or hirers to compare equipment of similar type and function.

If manufacturer’s data states it is from ‘in use’ measurements then these figures can be used, (bearing in mind the manufacturer’s stated K factor which will be a plus or minus figure of the measurement) until the equipment has been measured by in-house trained officer’s or external contractor.

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14.0 Operational Procedures

Chart 1. General procedure for managing risks associated with vibration

Identify all vibration hazards from work with powered equipment. Complete General Risk Assessment CSA016.

Identify exposure times and vibration levels and check against action value (see Appendix 1 – Summary of Legislation)

No Is vibration action value exceeded? (2.5m/s2 daily)

Yes

Is vibration limit value exceeded? Yes

(5m/s2 daily)

No

Protect at risk staff by reducing vibration exposure to as low as reasonably practicable

Maintain equipment in efficient state and efficient working order

Review annually or when there is significant change

Reduce risks using safe systems of work

Plan to reduce vibration exposure further e.g. replacing tools

Review if significant change

Reduce vibration below limit value by stopping activities or using safer alternatives

Provide staff with sufficient, instruction, information & supervision

Provide staff at risk with a programme of health screening (explained in Section 7)

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15.0 Operational Vibration Control

Line Managers shall ensure every piece of vibratory equipment within their work area is adequately identifiable and can be cross referenced to their service’s equipment register. Each product type or model of vibratory equipment shall be assessed for its vibration magnitude and a Machine Data Sheet produced, an example is given in Appendix 7 – Example of Machine Data Sheet. Subsequent calculation of personal exposure shall be based on information in the data sheets.

Line Managers shall ensure operatives or teams exposure to vibration is dynamically assessed daily before the task commences, or at appropriate intervals, through an assessment of the task being undertaken and giving consideration, wherever possible, to using other mechanical means or processes and job rotation.

Line Managers shall ensure a program of control measures is introduced to include, where necessary, a means of personal exposure monitoring, suitable to meet the requirements of this arrangement and their services operational requirements. Personal exposure monitoring forms will be periodically verified by managers to ensure employees are completing the forms accurately. An example of a suitable recording sheet is provided in Appendix 8 – Operatives Daily/Weekly Vibration Data Form. Line Managers will keep these recording sheets for auditing and reference purposes. Line Managers shall ensure each operative’s daily and weekly exposures are recorded in such a way that the data can be analysed to assess trends of exposure, year on year and to aid in the review of the HAV risk assessment. In circumstances where the completion of daily sheets has been suspended due to low HAVS exposure, ad-hoc periods of daily recording of HAVS will be implemented to check exposure is still consistently low. If not, daily sheets completion will be instigated and monitored.

Where employees are exposed to vibration above the Exposure Action Value operatives shall be given appropriate means to record their exposure and which will also enable the recording and summation of exposure to vibration on different pieces of equipment during the day. Line Managers shall instruct operators on how to complete the exposure recording sheets.

Important note – as soon as the Line Manager becomes aware the Exposure Limit Value has been or is likely to be exceeded for any DBC employee they shall take immediate action to ensure the operatives’ exposure remains below this level. Where the ELV has been exceeded the reason must be recorded and the Line Manager must modify the existing organisational or technical measures to prevent the ELV being exceeded again. Employees must not knowingly exceed the daily Exposure Limit Value, where employees know they are likely to exceed the ELV they must stop work with vibrating tools and inform their Line Manager at the earliest opportunity.

In certain circumstances, when the daily exposure is usually below the exposure action value, but may occasionally exceed the exposure limit value, the Regulations allow the exposure to be averaged over a week for the purposes of comparison with the exposure limit value. Weekly averaging of daily exposure allows for occasional daily exposures above the exposure limit value and can apply in cases of emergency work or intensive urgent work, such as using chainsaws to clear fallen trees following a storm. There are strict conditions for use of weekly averaging, as it may still be reasonably practicable to spread the exposure over more than one day to keep each day’s exposure below the exposure limit value. The weekly averaging system permits a maximum exposure on any one day of 11 m/s2 A(8) when exposure on the remaining days of the week is zero, or 10 m/s2 A(8) when exposure on each of the other four days of the week is just below 2.5 m/s2 A(8). Line Managers need to make special efforts to restrict exposure to operatives likely to be particularly at risk from vibration, therefore such individuals should not be active in a weekly averaging regime.

Where use of vibratory tools is not part of an employee’s daily or weekly routine because it is unplanned and infrequent work (i.e. once every 6 months or more) it may be deemed reasonably practicable to exceed the Exposure Action Value and not be subject to the full requirements of the Regulations so long as the work has been adequately planned and risk assessed and the reasons for the exception is recorded. Line Managers shall consult the Health and Safety Team before making a decision.

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Line Managers may choose to suspend daily personal exposure monitoring for those tasks or individuals where there has been in place a reliable and robust system for personal exposure monitoring; the records must be comparable and the trend analysis must show consistent data year on year. Should the Line Manager choose to suspend daily personal exposure monitoring they must commence a programme of ad hoc exposure monitoring, with records kept, to ensure the exposures are as predicted.

Where Line Managers have chosen to suspend daily personal exposure monitoring the reasons for this is recorded and the monitoring records of the task or individual are kept and maintained – if records are un-retrievable Line Managers shall ensure personal monitoring is recommenced for those relevant tasks or individuals. Line Managers must ensure before choosing to suspend daily personal exposure monitoring they are certain any occasion where an employee may exceed the Exposure Limit Value can still be made known to the manager. Line Managers shall ensure where a task or individuals exposure is likely to have changed since cessation of monitoring, monitoring shall be recommenced for that task or individual until such a time that records become consistent again. The recommended minimum term of reliable monitoring data will be determined on a task by task basis, to be discussed and agreed by the Manager and Health and Safety Team.

The Health and Safety Team and Line Managers have regular meetings to discuss the management of HAVS. This meeting includes ways to reduce HAVS, checking employees on restrictions, monitoring daily exposure sheets and deciding if ad-hoc personal exposure monitoring is possible.

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16.0 Further Information and Guidance

1. Further advice and guidance is available from the Health & Safety Team or from the health & safety intranet pages which contains Council health and safety guidance and policies, risk assessment forms and examples of risk assessments.

2. The Health and Safety Executive (HSE) website www.hse.gov.uk contains a lot of useful general and topic specific health and safety guidance, much of which can be downloaded free.

Hand-arm vibration – Advice for employees INDG 296 rev1

Control the risks from hand-arm vibration INDG 175 rev2

Control of Vibration at Work Regulations 2005, L140

All the above publications can be downloaded free from the HSE website.

HSE priced publications are available from HSE Books (Tele: 01787 881165), or any good bookshop.

The Health & Safety Team keep a library of reference material, which can be borrowed.

3. Relevant & Other Legislation

The Control of Vibration at Work Regulations 2005

Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974

The Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations 1999

The Provision and Use of Work Equipment Regulations 1998

The Personal Protective Equipment at Work Regulations 1992

The Reporting of Injuries, Diseases, and Dangerous Occurrences Regulations (RIDDOR) 2013

The Access to Health Records Act 1990

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17.0 Appendix 1 – Summary - Control of Vibration at Work Regulations 2005

Requirements of the Control of Vibration at Work Regulations (CoVW) came into force on 6 July 2005. The Health and Safety Executive guidance to the Regulations (L140) gives detailed information on how to comply with the duties and what employers are expected to do to control hand arm vibration in the workplace.

Regulation 4:

Exposure limit values and action values for hand-arm vibration:– the daily exposure limit value is 5 m/s2 A(8);

the daily exposure action value is 2.5 m/s2 A(8),

Regulation 5:

An employer liable to expose any employees to risk from vibration shall make a suitable and sufficient risk assessment of the risk to health and safety and the steps needed to be taken to comply with the regulations.

Regulation 6:

(1) A general duty to eliminate risk from vibration at source or where not reasonably practicable, reduce to a minimum. (2) If the risk assessment shows the exposure action value is exceeded, the duty to reduce exposure to a minimum will be complied with by establishing and implementing a programme of measures consistent with the risk assessment taking into account factors including:-

- other methods of work, which eliminate or reduce exposure;

- work equipment with the least vibration;

- auxiliary equipment to reduce risk;

- design/layout of workplaces;

- maintenance programmes;

- information and training to minimise exposure;

- limitation of duration/intensity of exposure;

- job rotation;

- provision of clothing to protect from cold/damp

(3) Ensure no exposure above action limit of 5.0m/s2 A(8). If exceeded, immediately take action to reduce exposure, identify the reason and amend the risk assessment to prevent reoccurrence.

Regulation 7:

If the risk assessment indicates risk to health, the employees at risk should be under suitable health surveillance. A health record shall be made and maintained. On reasonable notice, the employee may have access to this. If an employer ceases to trade, the HSE should be informed and copies of all health records made available to them. If an employee is found to have an adverse health effect considered by a health professional to be due to exposure to vibration:

- a suitably qualified person shall inform the employee and provide information and advice regarding further health surveillance;

- the employer shall ensure he/she is informed of any significant findings from the health surveillance;

- review the risk assessment;

- review any measure taken to reduce exposure alongside advice from health professionals or the HSE;

- consider assigning the employee to alternative work with no risk of further exposure;

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- provide for a health review of any other employee similarly exposed

Regulation 8:

Where employees exposed to vibration, the employer shall provide the employees with suitable and sufficient information, instruction and training to include:

- the organisational/technical measures identified in the risk assessment;

- the exposure limit and action values;

- the significant findings of the risk assessment;

- why and how to detect and report signs of injury;

- entitlement to health surveillance;

- safe working practices to minimise exposure

Duty to non-employees - Regulation 3(4) states that an employer shall so far as is reasonably practicable be under like duties in respect of any other person, who may be effected by the work carried out by the employer, except that the requirements for health surveillance and the provision of information/training will not extend to non-employees, although the latter will if those person(s) are on the premises where the work is being carried out

- Regulation 8(4) states that the employer shall ensure that any person, whether or not his employee, who carries out work in connection with the employer’s duties under the regulations, has suitable and sufficient information, instruction and training

Implications

The guidance refers to situations where more than one employer is involved. Where contractors and sub-contractors are involved, it will be best to set out responsibilities in the contractual arrangements. The principal contractor on a construction project should highlight the main risks and control measures in the health and safety plan.

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18.0 Appendix 2 – What is HAVS and what are the health effects

Hand Arm Vibration is vibration transmitted from a work process into workers hands and arms, typically caused by operating hand held power tools, hand-guided machinery or when holding materials, which are being processed by machinery.

Over recent years there has been growing concern about the need to reduce the effect that prolonged and regular work with high vibration hand-held powered tools can have on the hands and arms of users. Without effective precautions, employees regularly using such equipment may suffer various forms of damage, collectively known as ‘hand-arm vibration syndrome’ (HAVS). The most commonly known form of damage is ‘vibration white finger’ (VWF), which is a prescribed industrial disease. Adoption of the precautions set out in this guidance to minimise the risk of VWF will also minimise the risk of more obscure forms of HAVS.

VWF affects tens of thousands of workers nationally. Attacks are painful and can result in the loss of the ability to grip properly. Any vibrating tool or process which causes tingling or numbness after 5 to 10 minutes of continuous use could be a potential danger. Tools and processes likely to be hazardous are listed in this guidance. Where people regularly work with these for prolonged periods there is likely to be a risk of injury.

The Nature of HAVS HAVS is a health condition that can effect any employee required to use vibrating tools on a regular basis. Symptoms of HAVS are divided into three types of effect, these are:

Neurological component

numbness and tingling in the fingers;

reduced sense of touch and temperature.

This nerve damage can be disabling, making it difficult to feel, and to work with, small objects.

Vascular component

episodic finger blanching known as ‘vibration white finger’; after initial blanching circulation is restored, which may be painful as the

blood return is exaggerated;

during attacks the sufferer may complain of numbness, pain and cold as well as reduced manual dexterity.

The main trigger for the symptoms is exposure to the cold, for example being outdoors early on a winter’s morning. The symptoms can also be triggered by localised or general body cooling in otherwise warm environments. Although vibration causes the condition, it does not give rise to the symptoms.

Musculoskeletal component

workers may complain of joint pain and stiffness in the hand and arm;

grip strength can be reduced due to nerve and muscle damage.

An individual worker suffering from HAVS may not experience the complete range of symptoms, for example symptoms related to the neurological component can be present in the absence of vascular problems and vice versa. Neurological symptoms generally appear earlier than finger blanching.

CSA030 - 15 -




In more severe forms, attacks occur frequently in cold weather. They are likely to take place not only at work, but during activities such as gardening, car washing, fishing or watching outdoor sports. The attacks may last up to an hour causing considerable pain and loss of manual dexterity, resulting in clumsiness and reduced grip strength. As the condition worsens, attacks can occur even in warm surroundings.

In very severe cases, blood circulation may be permanently impaired and fingers may take on a blue-black appearance. Exceptionally, gangrene may result. However, it is very rare for these stages to be reached because the earlier symptoms cause most sufferers to abandon work using high-vibration equipment.

The first noticeable symptoms of HAVS may occur a long time after regular exposure to vibration has begun. In the early stages of the syndrome, physiological improvement may occur when the worker gives up activities associated with vibration. Later, however, the condition is likely to become permanent.

Note! HAVS is a reportable disease under the Reporting of Injuries, Diseases and Dangerous Occurrences Regulations (RIDDOR)

Factors contributing to risk of HAVS

The primary cause of HAVS is work which involves holding vibrating tools or work pieces. Vibration with a frequency ranging from about 2 to 1500 Hertz (cycles per second or Hz) is potentially damaging, and is most hazardous in the range from about 5 to 20 Hz. The risk depends on both the vibration magnitude and how long people are exposed to it, in effect a daily ‘vibration dose’.

Several other factors also affect the severity of the risk, although there is still only limited scientific information on their importance and the way they interact. These include:

the grip, push and other forces used to guide and apply vibrating tools or work pieces. A tight grip transfers more vibration energy to the hand;

the exposure pattern - length and frequency of work and rest periods. It is better to break up periods of exposure;

how much of the hand is exposed to vibration;

factors affecting blood circulation, such as temperature and smoking;

individual susceptibility.

Maintaining blood circulation

Keeping the hands and body warm helps to maintain good blood flow to the fingers and reduce the risk of injury. Where people have to work in cold areas, specific measures might include:

wearing gloves;

using proprietary heating pads to keep the hands warm;

using tools with heated handles;

avoiding pneumatic exhausts which discharge towards the worker’s hands (a flexible hose to lead the exhaust away might also help with noise control);

arrangements to allow workers to warm up before starting work, and if necessary to help them keep warm, such as a shelter for outdoor workers to use in work breaks;

wear warm, weatherproof clothing for work in cold or wet areas.

Anti-vibration gloves offer little or no protection of reducing vibration to the hands, though are useful for keeping them warm and providing physical protection.

CSA030 - 16 -




Other factors Avoiding or cutting down smoking, and massaging and exercising fingers during work breaks will also help blood circulation.

Potentially Hazardous Processes and Tools

The following are examples of processes and equipment where there may be a risk of developing HAVS:

percussive tools used in road maintenance, construction, etc. (i.e. power hammers, vibratory compactors, concrete breakers, road drills);

grinders and other rotary tools (i.e. hand-held grinders, hand-held sanders, pedestal grinders, rotary burring tools);

timber and wood machining tools (i.e. chainsaws, brush cutters, hand-held or hand-fed circular saws, electrical screwdrivers, powered mowers and shears, strimmers).

The above list is not exhaustive. It is safest to regard regular prolonged use of any high-vibration tool or machine as suspect, especially if it causes tingling or numbness in the user's fingers after about 10-15 minutes continuous operation.

CSA030 - 17 -

~-~.._11811 DARLINGTON lilW■ BOROUGH COUNCIL

Prepared by· I I

Activity Task: Clear Felling

1_-1·,-1 ·1··1

Street Scene HAVs Assessment

Area: Aboriculture

Mo

Yes

Date I I

Tt·,2 use ol lonc!Inq equip111ent larqP.r cl1ipper- cJpJcllies w1t11 winc11

li'I

Plant & Equipment lo be used Naine of Equiµmen1

Sl!!1I L!SijGO

'" ,, ,, ,. '

Sti!1I MS.:141

Equipment ".I • 1,1 11 ,1 ! I 1 • •1 , •

I ,,

I

I I, II·, I

I 1°-il

)-\ ,1 f:

Staffing

minimum

1I1Is -lOmin

Oty Aw1ilc11Jl,e Stcltu'.O Points pet min ol 11r,A

10

50 GOOD

90 450 PROHIBITED

£:1 200.00 £'I .200.00 H"',is cost ,-•;ould be for e.ich one-off joh

No

t,1ins 20

20

Yes Yes

No No

Cum:ht hnnd hP!d f'f]\llpinPllt is b•~st Oil the m:irket Cle~1 h~l!inq is occ:itiot1:il W01k. dprend,mt 011 the citcumst:1ncf's 11 mny t)PCOmP renson,1bly p1:ir.tic.1hlP to contr:ict t1ire n h:JtVP'-;t~I ttw t'Pqui1enwnt to u~f' ,1

t1.11vestet \'VIII be ;:i<:,:,;,::•~,sed fo1 1~ach clt·,u fell JQIJ. This :1rr,1ngemc-nt will be kept uncl•:!r r-c·view.

5.UUU

5.000

lnct('..1S\S st.:ifl l•~VC>I'.', from 2 to 4 to 1~r1Jb!t'' op{'rntives 10 i'.lccumulatP lf•:ss !h,:m 100 points on f!JCh d.:iy th1ouqh t:qua! shn1in~ of PxposLifi"

Other R\c'Sl:?CH(;ll lower HAV r·atm~J e:t1ain S<i'N~.

u,,e poh• ~,11"'v wl1t•tl.'.• po'.,':tible

i 11,I

Management

r, 1 H . ..:.•.

~.:;.~~~JJ.;.., t,;.;;.;..it-;.;~ • ..;..... ••

Name Name Name Name

Name

SUpelvisors Signature:

I '11 'I

I

YP:~

EssentL:il thJt st:::iff ::l!I' rntJted to cn<1b!e <1n eriu<il c;h::umg ot pomts .iccumu1Jtion r·c1ch d:iy AH oper:itiv,::;s ~;.h.ill Ciltr}' out P''I :;011;:il monitor irnJ to H11•;.ur,i nqual '.'-f1;:iri11J ol nxpo~;lHI!

tJo

YPs

1."1 ·l1

II

ISlanalure: Date

Signature: Date

Signature: Date

Signature: Date

l~lrFI: Date

I



19.0 Appendix 3 – Examples of HAV Risk Assessment

CSA030 - 18 -

~-~.._11811 DARLINGTON lillW■ BOROUGH COUNCIL

DEPARTMENT

What are the hazm·d ? What could happen?

Eye Contamination

C1.1 ts and Gl'az.es

Confined Space

Inacl quat Light

Back Injmy

Ace ss

Dust

Ri k a ment with no control

L 4 5

3

3

2

3

2

4

4

3

3

3

4

Dr l! ION/Sli:CTION

R

IVIED

\'Vho i at l"is k?

Op rativ

Op rative

Op rativ

Op ratlv

Op ratlv

Op rativ

Vibrating tool 4 2 MEn 0 1>era1h'e Exi t iu~ control mea ur

2

2

2

2

2

2

3

A TIVITY -, Worktops

ment with control Re i.dual ri. k control m.ea ure

L

2

3

3

3

3

3

l

Dynamk RiskAssessm nt Adequate lighting for work area

Further control mea ure 2 Man .lift. Lighting.

W arPPE - Boots EN I5O:W 45, Dust Mask EN 149:200 1, SaretyGoggl s/Goggles EN l Glov s EN 420 & EN ~gg_

6, Ear De rend rs EN -2-1: l 99.,, Ear Plug EN 352- l : 199 , Hard Hat B EN ~9,7: !995,

Operath 10 have receiv d asbestos awareness, mmmal handling training, and tool box Mks.

Ensure good house keeping ts 111 intruned.

Equipm nt visually inspected by operative before use. Appropriate access/egress to be avaifaliI at all tin s.

Two man team litit wh re applicabl .

of 18v faki ta Com bi DriJJ. HA. V core 13 1>0hlt 1:,er 5 minute tr igger time for crewing. xperted trigger ti1ne to Dot exceed 1 rni nute . Refe r to Macb.ine Data beet if oth r eqnipm nt i t d.

e of 18v fakita ,Jigsaw. HA V core 5 poin per 5 minutes tri gger time for crewing. Ex1:iected trigger time to not exc-eed 5 minute. Reefer to lachine Data heet if other equipm nt i u d.

TotaJ - 8 Poin



CSA030 - 19 -




20.0 Appendix 4 – Guidance on Risk Assessment – Vibration at Work

Factors to consider before a vibration risk assessment is conducted

Risk Factors

The primary cause of HAVS is work that involves holding vibrating tools or work pieces. The risk of contracting HAVS depends on both the magnitude and frequency of the vibration and for how long a person is exposed.

Vibration levels are measured in units of metres per second squared (m/s2). There is currently a recommended daily exposure action value of 2.5m/s2 A(8) and a daily exposure limit value of 5.0 m/s2 A(8) (standardised over an 8 hour working day).

In practice, this means that all efforts should be made to reduce vibration levels as far as is reasonably practicable below this action value. The value of 2.5 m/s2 A(8) should not be seen as a 'safe' level as a small proportion of the workforce may develop HAVS if they work at this level over a period of years.

Several other factors also affect the severity of the risk, although there is still only limited scientific information on their importance and the way in which they interact.

These include:

the grip, push and other forces used to guide and apply vibrating tools or work pieces as a tight grip will transfer more vibration energy to the hand;

the exposure pattern -length and frequency of work and rest periods (it is better to break up periods of exposure);

how much of the hand is exposed to vibration;

factors affecting blood circulation, such as temperature, smoking and certain ill health conditions; and

individual susceptibility.

Control Measures

Where a risk of developing HAVS has been identified a preventive programme should be implemented. A risk assessment of the task or process will need to be carried out and the following hierarchy of control measures adopted to minimise the risk of injury:

look at alternative ways of working which eliminate the need to use vibrating equipment altogether;

substitute the task or process with one that involves less vibration i.e. replacing a hand-held concrete breaker for a JCB with a pneumatic hammer drill attachment (pecker);

use tools designed for low vibration, for example chain-saws with anti-vibration mountings and tools with vibration-isolating handles;

maintain and service equipment effectively according to the manufacturer's instructions and implement effective fault reporting procedures;

avoid uninterrupted exposure to vibration over long periods of time. It is better for work to be arranged so that periods of exposure are broken by periods of work, which do not involve vibration. This can be achieved by job rotation for example;

make arrangements to reduce the grip, push and other forces which the worker must apply, for example use supports for tools and work pieces and make sure processes and equipment are ergonomically designed;

train, inform and supervise employees to ensure they are aware of the hazard, the safe working procedures to be followed which minimise risk and how to recognise and report signs of injury;

CSA030 - 20 -




select tools that are suitable for the task at hand;

provide personal protective equipment to help employees keep warm and maintain good blood circulation (see below).

CSA030 - 21 -




21.0 Appendix 5 – Hand Arm Vibration Toolbox Talk

What is Hand / arm vibration syndrome? It is a condition caused by vibration transmitted from a work process into workers hands and arms. It is usually associated with the use of hand-held power tools.

Various pieces of legislation including The Control of Vibration at Work Regulations 2005 require that we assess the risk to operators of such equipment.

Ill Health effects: There are various forms of damage, collectively known as ‘hand-arm vibration syndrome’. A common form of this is ‘vibration white finger’.

There are tens of thousands of workers nationally that suffer from HAVS.

Symptoms: Tingling sensations or numbness in the fingers (pins and needles) particularly at the end of the working day. Changes in colour of the fingers particularly in the cold. In mild conditions this shows in the fingertips only, but in more severe conditions the whole finger can become white right down to the knuckles. This can be very painful and attacks occur more frequently in cold weather and during outdoor activities such as gardening, fishing and washing the car.

In very severe cases, blood flow is permanently impaired and the fingers take on a blue/black appearance and even gangrene can occur.

Contributing factors: The grip, push and other forces applied by the user when operating tools (‘let the tool do the work’); Length of exposure;

How much of the hand is exposed;

Factors affecting blood circulation, such as temperature and smoking;

Individual susceptibility

Typical Hazardous Tools/Activities:

Vibrating Compactors, Breakers, Pokers, Sanders, Drills, Grinders, polishers, Chain-saws, Lawnmowers, Hedge Cutters, Flails, Strimmers, Circular Saws, Pressure Washers etc.

Concerns should be raised if operatives use a tool continuously for 5-10 minutes and it leaves a tingling sensation or numbness up to 20 minutes after ceasing work. This should be reported immediately to their manager.

Assessing the Risk:

The Health & Safety Team will carry out measurements of vibrating equipment. Calculations are made and the results evaluated and recorded as exposure points. Exposure points are worked out in time segments i.e. 100 points for 15 minutes use. This information is provided on a ‘machine data sheet’ which should be displayed in the workplace in a prominent location for reference. The individual’s total daily exposure must be added together and must not exceed 400 points.

If individual operatives feel they are exceeding the daily limit of 400 points, then their line manager/supervisor must be informed and suitable actions taken to reduce the individual’s exposure. Managers/supervisors should carry out periodic monitoring of employee exposure using the ‘daily exposure’ sheet.

CSA030 - 22 -




Health Surveillance:

Health Surveillance will be carried out on certain employee groups who are considered at risk and where it is thought appropriate. This will involve completing an Occupational Health questionnaire and a possible examination by the Occupational Health Physician. Employees who are identified as at risk, will be recalled to Occupational Health at regular intervals usually at three year intervals or as directed by the Physician.

Anyone experiencing HAVS symptoms should immediately report these to their line manager and report any concerns you have with excessive vibration.

Controlling the Risk:

Efforts must be made to reduce the vibration through the hands:

Substituting a process with less vibration

Use low vibration tools i.e. ones with anti-vibration mountings or handles

Correct maintenance of tools

Minimize the need to grip tools too tightly i.e. use a vice

Avoid long periods of uninterrupted vibration

Use the correct tool for the job

Wear warm water proof clothing i.e. gloves

Anti-vibration gloves offer little or no protection of reducing vibration to the hands, though are useful for keeping them warm and providing physical protection.

Employee Precautions

There are however sensible precautions that you yourself can take to minimise the risk of suffering from vibration white finger.

As far as it is within your control, break up your periods of work using hand-held powered tools with spells of work that does not involve the use of such tools.

Wear the personal protective clothing made available to you (especially gloves) to protect yourself against the cold. NB. So called anti-vibration gloves have been shown to give little or no protection against the transmission of vibrations. Nevertheless the wearing of gloves to protect against the cold is an important precaution against vibration white finger.

Massage and exercise fingers during work breaks, this will help circulation. This will also be helped by stopping, or at least cutting down smoking.

Report to your manager or supervisor any faults in the running of, or hand grips on, powered tools you are using. Such faults may increase the vibrations passing to your hands.

Make sure you report the matter to your manager or supervisor if you think you are suffering from even the mildest form of vibration white finger or any increase in symptoms. This will ensure you are referred to Occupational Health (outside of any regular medical review which you may be due as part of a designated employment group). It will also prompt your manager/supervisor, together with the relevant safety officer, to further review the use of hand-held, powered tools by you and your colleagues.

Occupational Health will designate particular employment groups where periodic health surveillance (periodical medical examinations) is considered to be appropriate. Such designations will be based on the type and intensity of

CSA030 - 23 -




use by the employment group of hand-held, powered percussive and rotary tools and current medical opinion. If you are employed within such a designated employment group you will have a routine medical review at regular intervals decided by the Occupational Health Physician, usually three yearly.

Attend Occupational Health whenever requested.

Maintaining Blood Circulation

Keeping the hands and body warm will help to maintain good blood flow to the fingers and reduce the risk of injury. Where people have to work in cold conditions, specific measures might include:

wearing gloves (NB gloves will help to keep the hands warm but are not effective in reducing the amount of vibration reaching the hands);

using proprietary heating pads to keep hands warm;

using tools with heated handles;

avoiding pneumatic exhausts which discharge towards the workers hands (a flexible hose to lead exhaust away might also help with noise control);

arrangements to allow workers to warm up before starting work, and if necessary to help them keep warm, such as a shelter for outdoor workers to use during rest breaks;

wearing warm, weatherproof clothing for work in cold or wet areas;

avoiding or cutting down smoking; and massaging or exercising fingers during rest breaks.

EARLY REPORTING OF SYMPTOMS WILL NOT ONLY HELP PREVENT YOUR CONDITION WORSENING, BUT IT WILL ALSO HELP PROTECT YOUR COLLEAGUES.

CSA030 - 24 -

~-~ ... 11811 DARLINGTON liillW■ BOROUGH COUNCIL



22.0 Appendix 6 – Buying / Hiring Tools and Equipment

Assessment of new plant and equipment for the Control of Vibration at Work Regulations 2005.

Make Model Cost (£) Declared Vibration Magnitude (m/s2)

British or European Standard Number

Reasonably Practicable (State Yes or No)

Option 1

Option 2

Option 3

Option 4

Option 5

Option 6

Use over leaf for additional options

On the basis of this options appraisal DBC have selected the equipment listed below, it being determined as the most reasonably practicable.

Make Model Cost (£) Declared Vibration Magnitude (m/s2)

Option _______

Signed by Manager Print by Manager

CSA030 - 25 -

~-~ ... 11811 DARLINGTON lilW■ BOROUGH COUNCIL

n r.r,r-,

BPR~ - ·~c._,_,,,,



23.0 Appendix 7 – Example of Machine Data Sheet

Machine Data

Bomag Compaction Plate

DBC Assessment of Vibration

Vibration Level 9.37m/s2 Vibration Method EN/ISO 5349

Predicted “trigger” Time 30 mins

Low Risk Time of Use 34 mins = 100 points

Medium Risk Time of Use 1hr 10 mins = 200 points

High Risk Time of Use 2hrs 17mins = 400 points

Type of Assessment Field

Date of Measurement 20-01-18

REMEMBER TOTAL Daily Exposure points MUST NOT exceed 100 points

Example: 5 minutes actual trigger time using this machine = 15 points

CSA030 - 26 -

~·~-"- DARLINGTON Iii w ■ BOROUGH COUNCIL



24.0 Appendix 8 – HAVS Exposure Record Sheet

Operator Name: Week Commencing:

Dept / Area:

Day Tool Point Value Time Used in Minutes

Points Gained Daily Running Total

Monday

Tuesday

Wednesday

Thursday

Friday

Operators Signature:

Maximum Daily Points Total Must Not Exceed 400 points

Supervisor / Manager Signature:

CSA030 - 27 -

hand arm vibration management - darlington · box-talk on hand arm vibration (appendix 5 – hand...

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