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Alaska Plant Materials Center 1 Growing Alaska’s Native Pantry and Medicine Cabinet Alaska Plant Materials Center Why cultivate native plants? Ethics of harvesting in the wild Easier to have plants available in one place Know what has been applied to them Relatively easy

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Page 1: Growing Alaska’s Native Pantry and Medicine Cabinetplants.alaska.gov/pdf/2012GrowingAlaskasNativePlants...Dried, use them in the winter for teas or in soup. They are very tasty and

Alaska Plant Materials Center 1

Growing Alaska’s Native Pantry and Medicine Cabinet

Alaska Plant Materials Center

Why cultivate native plants?Ethics of harvesting in the wildEasier to have plants available in one placeKnow what has been applied to themRelatively easy

Page 2: Growing Alaska’s Native Pantry and Medicine Cabinetplants.alaska.gov/pdf/2012GrowingAlaskasNativePlants...Dried, use them in the winter for teas or in soup. They are very tasty and

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Maintaining food and medicinal plants in cultivation Minimizes chances of over-harvest in the wild.

GoldenrodSpruce tipsDevil’s ClubYarrowRose petals and hipsWillow leaves and barkNettlesArtemisia (Wormwood)Pineapple WeedChickweedBluebellsEskimo PotatoBunchberry

At my home, I cultivate and use these native and invasive wild plants:

PlantainValerianAngelicaCow ParsnipHigh-bush CranberryDandelionsLamb’s QuartersBeach LovageFireweedGeraniumChivesRoserootJacob’s LadderAlder

Growing native Alaskan plants successfully for food or medicine,requires knowledge :

•Seed germination requirements•Viability•Stratification•Moisture•Light

•Type of environment the seed needs•Soil? Wet, medium, dry. Rocky, acid, organic•Light? Sun, shade

•Ways to grow plants for easy harvest•Rows, raised beds, wild management

•Identification of plants for purpose desired•Harvest times for seed or parts

•Seed collection times and techniques•Flower, root, stem harvest

•Processing of seed or parts•Post harvest cleaning•Storage•Usage

Which comes first? The seed or the plant?

Seed: Embryo, Food, Seed Coat

Native plants have germinationstrategies to enable them togrow at the right time and place.

One of the fun things we do at thePlant Materials Center is figure outgermination strategies.

TZ test showsEmbryo is viable

Page 3: Growing Alaska’s Native Pantry and Medicine Cabinetplants.alaska.gov/pdf/2012GrowingAlaskasNativePlants...Dried, use them in the winter for teas or in soup. They are very tasty and

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Try regular germination first. If that doesn’t work…..

Winter Stratification

Think of Alaskan environments.Seed falls usually in the fall. It is covered by snow,goes through the freeze/thaw cycle in winter,then is exposed to lots of moisture as break-up occurs.Summer means long, sunny days.

Imitate nature.

Is the seed spreadby wind?

Is it eaten by ananimal?

Is it buried or does itlie on top of the ground?

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Plant protocols. Patience.

Scientific Name: Carex aquatilis Wahlenberg aquatilis

Propagule Processing: Air dry. Clean with brush cleaner and by hand. Care needs to be given that seed is not harmed, but that the perigynia is removed. Approximately 900 seeds per gram. Tetrazolium test showed 90+ % viability. Store seeds in freezer until time for processing.

Pre-Planting Treatments: Place 1 g. of seed in cloth bags. Run cold water over them for 24 hours. Either place bags between layers of wet peat (peat sandwich) or plant directly into standard no hole flats containing 18 3x3" cells with obligate soil mixture. Store seeds for spring planting in a cooler over winter to enable a sheltered cold moist stratification (cooler was not turned on, but left to fluctuate with ambient temperature.)

Growing Area Preparation/ In spring bring planted seeds into greenhouse. Those seeds in peat sandwiches can be planted either directly outside in wetland bed (coir mat with inch of obligate soil mix) or into cells filled with obligate soil mixture and then placed in greenhouse.

Establishment Phase: If using fishy peat as the peat portion of the obligate soil mix, fertilize with organic compost tea. If soil-less mixture used, fertilize with non-organic fertilizer.

Length of Establishment Phase:

Seeds germinate readily with this cold, moist stratification.

Active Growth Phase: Once temperatures outside remain above freezing, move cells to lathhouse. Try to plant C.aquatilis plugs before plants get potbound. If potbound then be sure to tease roots apart when planting.

Citation:

Hunt, Peggy; Moore, Nancy. 2003. Propagation protocol for production of container Carex aquatilisWahlenberg aquatilis plants; Alaska Plant Materials Center, Palmer, . In: Native Plant Network. URL: http://www.nativeplantnetwork.org (accessed 5 March 2012). Moscow (ID): University of Idaho, College of Natural Resources, Forest Research Nursery.

www.nativeplantnetwork.org/

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What does the seed need to germinate?Light, dark, cold, warm

Where should the seed be planted?Dry, wet, rocky, sandy, organic

How can I best manage the plants for asuccessful harvest?

Raised beds, individual pots, rows

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Rhodiola integrifolium, Roseroot

Rock Garden - All Native Plants

‘Caiggluk”, Tilesius Wormwood, Artemisia tilesii

Tok SnowparsleyCnidium cnidiifolium

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Wild Cultivation

Which plants do I want to grow

for myNative Alaskan Plant

Pantry andMedicine Cabinet?

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Traditionally, some Althabascans chewed the roots for heart problems.

Page 9: Growing Alaska’s Native Pantry and Medicine Cabinetplants.alaska.gov/pdf/2012GrowingAlaskasNativePlants...Dried, use them in the winter for teas or in soup. They are very tasty and

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Growing Ferns: Ostrich Fern

Page 10: Growing Alaska’s Native Pantry and Medicine Cabinetplants.alaska.gov/pdf/2012GrowingAlaskasNativePlants...Dried, use them in the winter for teas or in soup. They are very tasty and

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FernProthalli

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Harvesting your plants depends upon which part you are using.

Leaves: midmorning. Young leaves are best for most food.for the highest medicinal benefit, harvest just prior to flowering.

Flowers: Harvest in early stages of maturity.

Roots: Best dug at endof growing season.

Eskimo Potato Hedysarum

alpinum

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Page 20: Growing Alaska’s Native Pantry and Medicine Cabinetplants.alaska.gov/pdf/2012GrowingAlaskasNativePlants...Dried, use them in the winter for teas or in soup. They are very tasty and

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Grass seed

Any plant used carelessly can harm.

The same plant, when dispensed from knowing and loving hands

Will heal hurt and banish suffering.

Clean plant parts thoroughly. Store appropriately.Use with knowledge.

DryingFreezingStorageInfusion: Hot WaterTincture: Alcohol

Low Tech Devices

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References

Page 22: Growing Alaska’s Native Pantry and Medicine Cabinetplants.alaska.gov/pdf/2012GrowingAlaskasNativePlants...Dried, use them in the winter for teas or in soup. They are very tasty and

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Nettles

Young Nettles can be eaten slightly boiled, like spinach.A tea is great for allergies.

Dried, use them in the winter for teas or in soup.

They are very tasty and high in Vitamin C. You can harvest them several times

as long as they are still young. When nettles are older they make a strong fiber for

cords and rope. You just need to watch out for the stings!

Page 23: Growing Alaska’s Native Pantry and Medicine Cabinetplants.alaska.gov/pdf/2012GrowingAlaskasNativePlants...Dried, use them in the winter for teas or in soup. They are very tasty and

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Contact Alaska Plant Materials Center

• Peggy Hunt• 907-745-8721• E-mail:

[email protected]

http://plants.alaska.gov


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