GRIHA for large developments: GRIHA for large developments:

Needs, Issues and way forwardNeeds, Issues and way forwardMili Majumdar

Director

Sustainable Habitat Division

TERI, India

Strategy for Sustainable Habitats , DIREC 2010

October 27,2010

Ministry of New and

Renewable Energy, GoI

The context

IndiaIndia’’s Urbanization and large developmentss Urbanization and large developments

� Population of India will reach from current 1.2bn to 1.4bn by 2025

� By 2030, 40.8% (600mn) of India’s population will be living in urban areas compared to current 28.4%

� Large Developments around urban

centres

Upcoming/ recently established Educational Campuses in India8 new IITs, 7 new IIMs,10 new NITs, 5 new IISERs, 20 IIITs, 6 new AIIMs, 2 SPAs, 16 Central universities, 14 ‘world class universities’in state capitals & major citiesSpecial Economic Zones114 operational SEZs and 579 formal approvals granted by the Ministry of Commerce

GRIHAGRIHA--Green Rating for Integrated Habitat Assessment (for Green Rating for Integrated Habitat Assessment (for

new construction: Buildings )new construction: Buildings )

Tool to facilitate design, construction, operation of a

green building ,and in turn ….measure “greenness” of a

building in India

What gets measured gets managed

Set of 34 criteria

100 (+4 innovation points)

point system with

differential weightage on

various criteria

� 51 - 60

� 61 - 70

� 71 - 80

� 81- 90

� 91- 100

Highlights

Key highlights of GRIHAKey highlights of GRIHA

� Sets out guidelines for design, construction and operation

� Sets performances benchmarks for key resources like, energy and water

� Facilitates integration of traditional knowledge on architecture with present day technology

� Integrates all relevant Indian codes and standards (e.g NBC 2005, ECBC 2007, IS codes)

� Is in complete alignment with government policies and programs (e.g Environmental clearance by the MoEF)

� Mandate for central government and PSU buildings

� Building types (new constructions)

� Commercial

� Residential

� 5 climatic zones

� Hot – Dry

� Warm – Humid

� Composite

� Temperate

� Cold

First 5 star rated GRIHA building in IIT First 5 star rated GRIHA building in IIT KanpurKanpur

Trees preserved and protected

Outdoor solar lights

N-S Orientation with shading

(roof/window)

Lesser paving

Solar PV and Solar Thermal systems

Corporate office of Unilever, MumbaiCorporate office of Unilever, Mumbai

Large Developments in current GRIHA frameworkLarge Developments in current GRIHA framework

� Number of projects registered : 76

– Campus Projects: 22

• IIMs, AIIMS, IISERs, IIITs, Central Universities

• CWGV, Infosys, Goverdhan Eco-Village, Educomp

� Built-up area registered: 3.8 M m2 (40 M ft2)

Large Developments :CategoriesLarge Developments :Categories

� Educational institutes/ Campuses� Engineering college campuses� Medical college campuses� Universities

� Corporate campuses� Neighborhoods- Residential/ institutional complexes� Housing societies� Complexes of Housing boards� Housing complex by Builders

� Housing complexes by Urban development organizations� Hotels/ resorts� Hospital complexes (eg: AIIMS)� Townships

� Special Economic Zones� Public Sector Undertaking Townships (designs are controlled and

complete in all respects)

� Private developer township (eg: Ansals), plotted developments with part construction by the developer

The agenda for large developmentsThe agenda for large developments

� Based on the three broad principles of Sustainable development:– Environmental– Social – Economic

� In all three cases the attempt should be to optimize the natural or existing options and reduce interventions that drastically modify or alter the prevailing conditions

� Thus saving costs at each step

Large Developments : Challenges and Issues

Google Earth Google Earth -- GurgaonGurgaon

High Density Developments with less open spaces/spaces for social interactions

Encroaching green areas/inadequate access and infrastructure

Encroaching green areas/inadequate access and infrastructure

http://www.cayhill.com/images/plat.jpg

Roads are laid out and plots are defined

all over the site

http://www.lpisd.org/Campuses/bse/new/BayshoreElementarySchool20090520.jpg

Ignoring existing site features (biodiversity,

topography, geology etc)

http://www.flickr.com/photos/85296574@N00/188742872/sizes/o/in/set-72157594199106864/

Architectural style/energy and resource demand and consumption

The approach

� The approach needs to bear in mind the following aspects :

1. Environmental Context (EIA) (Environmental Planning, Landscape Architecture).

2. Energy supply and demand management (HVAC including co-generation and tri-generation, Renewable and passive energy, Power systems including smart grids)

3. Access and mobility

4. Historic & Social Context

5. Topographic Context

6. Soils / Geological Context

7. Hydrological Context (Water resources, hydrogeology & watershed development, Water including recycling and recharging)

8. Biodiversity Context

9. Development Regulation Context

10. Architectural Context (Structures and construction systems, Planning, Urban Design, Architecture, Environmental design)

11. Utility Context (energy systems)

Large sites and campus developmentsLarge sites and campus developments

SITE SITE

(Macro)(Macro)

BUILDINGBUILDING

(Micro(Micro))

All of these parameters have macro(neighbourhood) and micro(building) level

issues

-Walkability-Cycling-Access to public transport systems

•Density of various areas•FAR•Open spaces• Mixed use development

•Energy efficiency by utilities and buildings•Renewable energy at macro and micro scale

• Water availability• Water quality• Storm water management• Rainwater harvesting• Unaccounted for water• Financial sustainability of various services

• Integrated solid waste management • Construction waste management• e-waste management• Hazardous waste management

• pollution levels (NOx, Sox, SPM, noise, etc.)• Indoor air quality

GRIHA for Large Development- Parameters

Example: Energy

Large Development: Energy

• In large developments there are two aspects to Energy issues:

1. Macro issues: Infrastructure energy consumption (Water supply & treatment,

sewage treatment, public lighting, etc.), Distribution & transformer losses, Source of energy supply

2. Micro issues: Energy consumption by buildings

• Challenges in rating large developments: Project widely varying in nature

• Nature of development

• Single phase development/ Multiple phase development

• Single owner development/ multiple owners in charge of development

• Wide range of building typologies

GRIHA Large Development

• Flexible Rating System to address wide range of projects: Rating levels

awarded will vary as per nature of development and ownership status (LD site, LD whole, etc.)

• Two way approach

1. Supply side:

• Promote renewable energy: Reduce dependence on non -renewable

sources of energy supply

• Promote Smart Grid: Reduced T&D losses, Intelligent monitoring,

smart metering, etc.

2. Demand side

• Develop standards for infrastructure services: Energy performance benchmark for public lighting,

• Develop pump & motor efficiency standards for water pumping andtreatment

• Develop energy performance benchmarks for specific different building typologies: Residential, Offices, Institutions, Hospitals, Hotels, Malls/

shops

Existing project: pilots and benchmark validation

Change in orientation

ECBC Envelope

IISER, PuneIISER, Pune

� Thermal Comfort and Energy Efficiency

– Lecture theatre block: The Lecture theatre block consists of air-conditioned halls. The total area of the lecture theatre block is 17826 sq.m.

Base Case Annual Consumption=3280150 kWh

Annual Consumption=2834305 kWh

Reduction of

211507 kWh

Base Case EPI=184 kWh/sq.m/annum

EPI=159 kWh/sq.m/annum

Reduction of 12

kWh/sq.m/annum

Annual Consumption=3068643 kWh EPI=172 kWh/sq.m/annum

Reduction of

234338 kWh

Reduction of 13

kWh/sq.m/annum

The annual energy consumption for the Lecture theatre block was reduced by 4,45,845 kWh.

Way forwardWay forward

� Guidelines and framework for assessment shall be ready in 7 months time from now

� Technical advisory team has been constituted

� To be developed through stakeholder consultations

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Thank you for your attentionThank you for your attention