Green Remediation of a 20.6 hectare Site Greenwich Mohawk Brownfield Brantford, Ontario April 2016

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Outline • Background

• Environmental Site Assessment (Phase Two ESA)

• Remedial Design

• Full Scale Remedial Design

• Consultation

• Lessons Learned

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Brantford History •  By  the  early  1900s,  Bran0ord  was  Canada’s  3rd  largest  exporter  of  manufactured  goods  

•  Dis@nguished  companies:  Massey  Ferguson,  CockshuE  Plow  Company,  Verity  Plow  

•  But  by  the  1980s/1990s,  the  buildings  were  in  disuse  and  largely  abandoned  

•  City  stepped  in  and  acquired  the  proper@es  and  has  led  the  brownfield  ini@a@ve  to  remediate  and  redevelop  the  site  

•  Funding:  $12M  Industry  Canada;  $5M  Province  of  Ontario;  City  remainder  with  support  from  Green  Municipal  Fund  

• Funding  Driven  Remedial  Deadline  -­‐  December  31,  2016  

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B

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Greenwich Mohawk Brownfield Properties Brantford, ON

347 Greenwich Street (11.3 ha)

66 Mohawk Street (6.3 ha) 22 Mohawk Street (3.0 ha)

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B

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Demolition (2010 to 2013) Removed: • Brantford had to remove barriers to

developing the site.

• Unsafe buildings were demolished; debris, combustible material and USTs were removed.

Retained: •  Former office/warehouse and

timekeeper portico which are designated heritage buildings.

•  Two buildings for Canadian Military Heritage Museum

Editorial Cartoon-April 5 By Dave McCreary

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Environmental Site Assessment, Pilot Studies, Remedial Option Evaluation (2013 to 2014)

!  Subsurface investigation (400+ sampling locations)

!  Contamination in soil & groundwater !  LNAPL – not highly mobile

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Contaminant Extent – Preliminary Remedial Cost Estimate, Traditional Dig and Dump Approach

Cost to Remediate to Generic Standards: $210,000,000 (Class 5 Est.)

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Remedial Design

Concurrent Activities 1.  Preliminary Risk Assessment activities to identify

reasonable remedial targets

2.  Desktop Remedial Options Analysis, including cost opinions

3.  Pilot testing of preferred remedial options to establish site specific remedial design criteria

 

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Remedial Design - Preliminary Risk Assessment Activities Establish Reasonable Remedial Targets

Loca%on  

Max  Soil    (µg/g)  

MOE  Table  3  Soil  Standards    (ug/g)  

Soil  Remedia%on  Target    (µg/g)  

Max  Groundwater  

(µg/L)  

MOE  Table  3  Groundwater  Standards    (ug/L)  

Groundwater  Remedia%on  

Target    (µg/L)  

22  Mohawk                          Lead   144,709   120   5,000   N/A   25     N/A  Petroleum  Hydrocarbons  F1  (minus  BTEX)   4,800   55   1,700   25,000   750   1,900  Petroleum  Hydrocarbons  F2  (C10-­‐C16)  (max)   22,700   98   2,700   11,000   150   500  Petroleum  Hydrocarbons  F3  (C16-­‐C34)  (max)   12,100   300   5,800   8,300   500     N/A  Xylenes,  total   8,640   3.1   2,300   48,000   4200     53,000  66  Mohawk                          Petroleum  Hydrocarbons  F1  (minus  BTEX)   4,000*   55   1,700   10,000**   750   1,900  Petroleum  Hydrocarbons  F2  (C10-­‐C16)  (max)   12,000   98   2,700   25,700   150   500  Petroleum  Hydrocarbons  F3  (C16-­‐C34)  (max)   43,000   300   5,800   61,700   500     N/A  Petroleum  Hydrocarbons  F4  (C34-­‐C50)   58,000   2800   6,900   4,000   500     N/A  Xylenes,  total   6,810   3.1   2,300   69,600   4200   53,000  Total  PCBs   50.4   0.35   50   N/A   7.8     N/A  347  Greenwich                          Lead   5,960   120   5,000   N/A   25     N/A  Petroleum  Hydrocarbons  F1  (minus  BTEX)   8,000   55   1,700   26,000   750   1,900  Petroleum  Hydrocarbons  F2  (C10-­‐C16)  (max)   15,000   98   2,700   280,000   150   500  Petroleum  Hydrocarbons  F3  (C16-­‐C34)  (max)   11,000   300   5,800   230,000   500     N/A  Xylenes,  total   10,400   3.1   2,300   120,000   4200   53,000  

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Remedial Design - Desktop Remedial Options Analysis; including cost opinions (Class 5)

Long List of Technologies  Soil Remediation Technologies   Groundwater Remediation Technologies  EX SITU •  Excavation and disposal •  Solid-phase and slurry-phase bioremediation •  Thermal desorption •  Stabilization •  Biological •  Soil washing

IN SITU •  Physical/mechanical

-  SVE -  Dual-phase vacuum extraction -  Stabilization -  Soil flushing

•  Biological -  Bioventing -  Phytoremediation

•  Thermal -  Electrical resistance heating -  Thermal conductive heating -  Steam-enhanced extraction

 

Physical/mechanical -  AS/SVE -  Pump-and-treat -  NAPL recovery -  Barrier walls -  Groundwater circulation -  Stabilization -  Dual-phase vacuum extraction -  Surfactant washing Chemical -  Reactive barrier walls -  ISCO and ISCR Biological -  Bioslurping -  Biobarriers -  Biosparging -  Natural attenuation -  Phytoremediation Thermal -  Electrical resistance heating -  Thermal conductive heating -  Steam-enhanced extraction  

$210,000,000

$30,000,000

$40,000,000

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Remedial Design - Pilot Tests (2013 to 2014) Funded through Green Municipal Fund  

Pilot Test Results Steam Enhanced Injection Effective but:

- Uncertainty regarding subsurface structures - time estimates beyond project deadline

Bioremediation/Soil Screening/ Washing/ NAPL Removal/ Air Sparging – Soil Vapour Extraction

Effective - Proven remedial options - Bioremediation – average 8 weeks processing time - Washing and screening – up to 50% volume reduction estimated

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Full Scale Approach EXCAVATION AND

SEGREGATION

!  Overburden for On-site Reuse !  Oil/LNAPL Recovered for Off-

site Reuse !  Concrete for On-site Reuse

SOIL SCREENING

!  On Site Water Treatment !  Disposal to Sanitary

Sewer

!  Bioremediation/Soil Washing for On-site Soil Reuse

Coarse Material Washed For

On-site Reuse

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Full  Scale  Remedia@on  (2015  to  2016)  

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Aerial  View  of  Site  During  Remedia@on  

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Conceptual Contaminant Profile

Fill Material: Mixed soil with some •  Iron debris •  Cinders •  Bricks & Blocks •  Metals (lead, zinc, etc.)

Fill (5 feet thick)

Sand

Clay

Rubble Rubble

Concrete Slab

Groundwater 2 to 10 feet thick "  Oils/Solvent (xylene)

Oil/Solvent Impacted Soil

Oil/LNAPL layer

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Full Scale Remediation Progress

Achievements Quantity Avoided

On-site Management Of Soil In-place (Material Handled)

1,000,000 m3 Treatment or Remediation (On-site or Off-site)

On-site Soil Treatment (Petroleum Hydrocarbon Impacted Soil)

110,000 m3 Off-site Disposal

LNAPL Recycling (Oil Recycled For Beneficial Use)

120,000 L Off-site Disposal

Reuse Of Building Foundations (Crushed Concrete As Fill Material)

30,000 m3

(75,000 tonnes) Off-site Disposal

AS  OF  DECEMBER  2015,  PROJECT  IS  80%  COMPLETE  

Consultation

City Of Brantford

Public

CH2M

MOECC & Brant County Health Dept.

18 Proposal to Provide Environmental Site Assessment — West Village Copyright 2015 by CH2M • Company Confidential

Lessons  Learned  Green  Remedia@on  Approaches  =  Risk  Assessment  Based  Solu@ons  =  Cost  Savings    Cost  Es@mate  –  Class  5  Cost  Es@mate  Useful  for  Budge@ng  Purposes    Brownfield  Remedia@on  Includes  Uncertainty,    Schedule  Constraints  a  Challenge    Odours  Can  be  a  Significant  Management  Challenge    

Proac@ve  Public  Consulta@on  Program  –  Team  quickly  learned  that  listening  and  having  open  communica@on  channels  with  the  public  and  other  interest  par@es  was  very  important    Ac@ve  engagement  with  MOECC  was  cri@cal  to  success  of  the  project  

Questions?