green public procurement criteria development /...

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Green Public Procurement

Criteria Development / Revision

Update on EU GPP criteria under development/revision

EU GPP Advisory Group, 24th October 2013

Joint Research Centre, Institute for Prospective Technological Studies (IPTS)

EU GPP criteria for paints & varnishes



Paints & varnishes criteria development

• Technical background

- Proposed product scope

• Outline of possible criteria areas

- Illustration of proposed direction

• Outlook on next steps in the process

Proposed product scope

'Indoor and outdoor decorative paints and varnishes, woodstains

and related products and painting services'

• Tinting systems

• Wood paints, wood and decking stains

• Masonry coatings, primers and undercoats

• Metal finishes primers and undercoats

• Floor coatings

• Road markings

Draft v1 (December 2012)

Criterion Criterion Type Key aspect addressed

Core Comprehensive Award

White pigments X X Manufacturing impacts

Spreading rate X X Performance

Wet scrub X X Performance

VOCs X X Emissions during use

Metals X X Emissions during use

Hazardous substances X X Emissions during use

Titanium Dioxide X Manufacturing impacts

Indoor Air Quality

X Emissions during use

Contract performance clause

Unused Paint X X Manufacturing impacts

Unused Paint disposal X X Emissions at end of life

Outline of proposal under revision (v2)

Criterion Criterion Type Key aspect addressed

Core Comprehensive Award

White pigment X X X Manufacturing impacts

VOC/SVOC X X X Manufacturing impacts

Binder sustainable sourcing X X Manufacturing impacts

Hazardous substances

- Paint mixture

- Biocides and metals

X

X

X

X

X

Manufacturing impacts

Pollution during use

Efficiency in use

- Dependant on contract

X

X

Manufacturing impacts

Pollution during use

Indoor Air Quality X X X Emissions during use

Painting contracts

- Efficient application

X X Manufacturing impacts

End-of-life emissions Contract performance clauses

Product specific criteria Road markings

• Technical specifications

- VOC/SVOC content

a. Maximum content limits (100-395 g/l)

b. Polymer binders and additives (to be specified)

- Titanium dioxide content

a. Maximum content limit (10%)

- Drop-on and broadcast material

a. Glass bead recycled content

b. Hazardous substances: Arsenic, antimony and lead content

- Marking durability

a. Abrasion resistance:

Outlook on GPP criteria development

1. Investigation of technical issues

2. Stakeholder consultation

3. Presentation of revised criteria areas to GPP AG

EU GPP criteria for textiles



Update on textile criteria development


- Ecolabel criteria development process

- GPP background report


- Illustration of proposed direction of the criteria

• Outlook on criteria development

Technical background study Public procurement of textiles

• Market for GPP textiles

- Promptex, Eurocities/ICLEI, EU Lead Market Initiative

• Review of current scope and coverage

- 2012 criteria set

• Implementation of GPP textile criteria by public procurers

- EU GPP survey (2011) and AEA national study (2010)

- Stakeholder questionnaire (Summer 2012)

• Innovation in textile public procurement

- Supply side: TDV, Klopman, Carrington, Teijin, Beirholm

- Demand side: Zurich, French MOD, UK NHS and Royal Mail

- LCC: Ecolabel licenseholder, UK Government Buying Standards

Possible criteria areas Proposed framework for the revision (1)

• Key environmental areas

- Improve focus on use phase and end-of-life phase

- Dyeing, printing and finishing also identified as important

• GPP approach

- Sourcing standards

- Contracting of repair, re-use, recycling services

• Technical capacity

- Ability to deliver consistent traceability, chemistry, fitness for use



- Fibre minimum % content

a. Organic or IPM cotton minimum % content

b. Polyester and polyamide minimum recycled % content

c. Viscose minimum sustainable pulp % content

- Chemicals: Drawn from EU Ecolabel RSL and Oeko-Tex 100

- Functionality: flame retardancy, water repellency, abrasion, seams

- End-of-life: Repair/recycling carried out by textile services

• Award criteria

- Achievement of higher % content: See fibre criteria

• Contract performance

- LCC factors: Reduced laundry, replacement and disposal costs


Follow-on from the Ecolabel criteria

1. 1st draft criteria document

2. Consultation with stakeholders/procurers

3. Presentation of draft criteria to GPP AG

Thank you for your attention

Nicholas Dodd Tel. +34 954 48 84 86 e-mail [email protected]

EU GPP criteria for hydronic heating systems



Update

• Ecodesign and Energy Labelling Lot 1 (Reg 813/2013 and

811/2013)

• Ecodesign and Energy Labelling Lot 15 Solid fuel boilers

(ongoing)

• EU Ecolabel criteria on water-based heating systems (to be voted

in November)

Scope

Heat generators based on:

• Combustion of gaseous, liquid or solid fossil fuels;

• Combustion of gaseous, liquid or solid biomass;

• Use of the Joule effect in electric resistance heating elements;

• Capture of ambient heat from air, water or ground source, and/or

waste heat;

• Capture of latent heat from the exhaust gas of combination

heaters; (out of Energy Labelling Regulation scope)

• Cogeneration (the simultaneous generation in one process of heat

and electricity);

• Solar (auxiliary);

Maximum rated heat output = 400 kW

Cogenerations up to 50 kWe

Key criteria

Seasonal space heating energy efficiency (%)

GHG emissions (g CO2eq/kWh heat output)

Ecodesign Core Comprehensive

Gas and liquid fuel boilers 86 % 90 % 98 %

Solid fuel boilers (65 77 %) 75 77 % 79 %

Ecodesign Core Comprehensive

All heaters, except HP - 220 g 200 g

Heat pumps - 180 g 150 g

Comprehensive criteria Air emissions

Aligned to EU Ecolabel limit values for NOx, CO, OGC, PM

Technology NOx emission limits

EU Ecolabel Draft Sept 2012

NOx emission limits EU Ecolabel Draft Sept 2013

Gas fuel heaters

Internal combustion: 170 mg/kWh energy input

External combustion: 45 mg/kWh energy input

Internal combustion engine: 170 mg/kWh GCV energy input

External combustion: 36 mg/kWh GCV energy input

Liquid fuel heaters

Internal combustion: 420 mg/kWh energy input

External combustion: 100 mg/kWh energy input

Internal combustion engine: 380 mg/kWh GCV energy input

External combustion: 100 mg/kWh GCV energy input

Solid fuel heaters

Using wood pellet and wood log fuels: 205 mg/Nm³ at 10 % O2

Using wood chip and other solid fuels: 260 mg/Nm³ at 10 % O2

150 mg/Nm³ at 10 % O2

Other criteria

Other core/comprehensive criteria

Product longevity and warranty

Installation instructions and user information

Award criteria

Additional increase of seasonal space heating energy efficiency

(points for every 1%)

Additional reduction of GHG emission (points for every 5 g)

Noise emission limits

Product design for sustainability

EU GPP Hydronic heating systems

Next steps Alignment to EU Ecolabel criteria once it is voted

EU GPP criteria ready to be voted

Thank you

EU GPP criteria for furniture



GPP is mostly used for indoor furniture

The criteria most used in furniture contracts by public authorities are

• Harmful substances (included in the 30% of tenders)

• Packaging materials (30%)

• Durability and/or reparability (28%)

• Sustainable and lawful origin of timber (21%).

Number of furniture contracts (%) by country including at least one GPP core criterion or all GPP core criteria (2009-2010)

Current GPP criteria (core, comprehensive, award) • Wood and wood-based materials, sustainable forest management

• Preservatives [only for outdoors furniture]

• Recycled materials content (wooden fibres, plastic, metal)

• Plastic parts

• Textiles

• Padding materials

• Polyurethane foams

• Surface coating of Wood, plastic and/or metal parts

• Adhesives and glues

• Packaging

• Durability, reparability, fitness for use and ergonomics

Current GPP criteria not covered by current EU Ecolabel

29

• Recycled materials content (plastic, metal) • Plastic parts • Textiles • Padding materials • Polyurethane foams • Surface coating of plastic and/or metal parts • Fitness for use and ergonomics

Revision EU Ecolabel these criteria will be covered

Harmonization GPP criteria and EU Ecolabel criteria

Thank you

EU GPP criteria for IT equipment



IT equipment criteria development


- EU Ecolabel criteria development process

- Direction of product scope


- Illustration of proposed direction


Recommendations on scope definition

1. Maintain most established definitions.

2. Widen the scope to all Energy Star sub-groups

3. Clearly differentiate tablet computers within the scope.

4. Omit keyboard definition as a separate product.

5. Improved definition for computer monitors

6. Unified scope options for TV/display criteria

6a. Create a unified criteria set for dual-function computer and

television monitors.

6b: Consider the potential for a unified scope for all forms of displays

(computer displays and television displays)

Implications for GPP criteria?

• Personal computer (Desktop Computer, Integrated Desktop

Computer, Thin Client)

- Addition of workstations and small-scale servers

• Computer display (where supplied with a computer)

- Displays are increasingly bought/specified separately

- Keyboard (where supplied with a computer)

- External power supply (where supplied with a computer)

• Notebook computers (includes tablet personal computers)

- Specific definition and coverage of tablet computers

• Discrete graphics processing unit (where supplied with a computer)

- Additional 'allowances' under Energy Star v6.0 to be explored

Environmental hot spots during manufacturing phase:

PWB, power supply unit, CD-ROM and HDD

LCA analysis Desktop PC: Component impacts

Environmental hot spots during manufacturing phase:

PWB, LCD panel and final assembly process

LCA analysis LCD screen: Component impacts

Product end-of-life Critical raw materials and dismantling



- Energy use

a. Desktops, notebooks, workstations, servers: Energy Star v6.0

b. Displays: Ecodesign or Labelling or Energy Star v6.0

- Lifespan and reliability

a. Computers: HDD drives, Notebook batteries, upgradeability,

repairability

b. Displays: LCD lifespan

- End-of-life

a. Computers: Data deletion systems

b. All equipment: Metal and plastic recovery value


• Award criteria

- Power management

a. User energy information, display adjustment

- Recycled content

a. Plastic housing content

- Lifespan and reliability:

a. Computers: Optimisation software/guidance, IT replacement

services (desktop v. notebook), Notebook resilience

• Other possible criteria areas?

- Ergonomics (display and keyboard), Noise (existing criteria area)

More information? Examples of LCC exercises, IT contracts that may

include service-based relationships with hardware providers.


Adoption is proposed in parallel with the Ecolabel criteria

1. 1st GPP stakeholder questionnaire

2. Consultation with stakeholders/procurers

3. Presentation of criteria areas to GPP AG

4. Dedicated AHWG

Questions for GPP AG

• Do the proposed scope revisions appear relevant?

• Do the criteria areas have the right focus?

• Do you have relevant experience of IT procurement?

• Are there procurement authorities we can contact?


Nicholas Dodd Tel. +34 954 48 84 86 e-mail [email protected]

EU GPP criteria for office buildings



Office buildings criteria development

• Development of a guidance document

- Aim of the document

- How it is structured

• Redrafting of the criteria document

- Linking the criteria to the guidance document

- How they are structured


SCI guide: Construction procurement How can we better relate the criteria to the process?

GPP Office buildings Guidance document

Aim: To provide procurers with orientation on how to effectively integrate the GPP criteria for office buildings into the procurement process Why? The form of procurement can have a significant influence on the outcome. Each type of contract brings with it distinct interactions between the procurer, the building design team, the contractors used and the future occupants and facilities managers.

Office building is "A building which contains administrative, financial, technical or bureaucratic activities as core representative activities. The office area must make up a vast majority of the total building’s gross area. The building may also comprise other type of spaces, like meeting rooms, training classes, staff facilities, or technical rooms".

Major renovations a) the total cost of the renovation relating to the building envelope or the technical building systems is higher than 25 % of the value of the building, excluding the value of the land upon which the building is situated; or (b) more than 25 % of the surface of the building envelope undergoes renovation;

Guidance document Scope definition

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• Design, construction, servicing and ongoing management

• Main points for integration in the sequence of procurements

Common contract forms that are used in the EU with Reference

to the International Federation of Consulting Engineers'

(FIDIC) contracts for:

- Construction works (B) (Red Book)

- Design and Build (D-B) (Yellow Book)

- Design, Build and Operate (D-B-O) (Gold Book)

Guidance document Integrating GPP criteria into procurement

Construction works (red) Design-led process

Preliminaries

Concept design

Detailed design

Procurement

Construction

Post-completion

Client brief

Design team selection Design competition

Tendering (1 or 2 stage)

Appoint lead contractor

Construction process

Demolition contracts

Handover, defects and commissioning Facilities management

Framework call-down

Energy services contracts

Preliminary design options

Preliminaries

Procurement

Concept design

Detailed design

Construction

Completion

Client performance specification

Tendering (2 stage option)

Appoint DB contractor


Handover, defects and commissioning

Design & build (yellow) Contractor control over design

Novation of design team

Client selects preferred design

Demolition contracts

Facilities management

Client brief

Detailed performance specification

Tendering (2 stage)

Contract DBOF partner


Facilities management

Energy Services Contracts

Negotiate cost, performance and risk

15-30 year LCC

Incentives and upgrades

Preliminaries

Concept design

Procurement

Detailed design

Construction

Post-completion

Design, build, operate (gold) Private sector building service

1. Preliminary scoping and feasibility

o Creating the project definition o Choosing the site and location o Concept design and options appraisal

Points of GPP integration? o Cost planning for the project LCC (particularly important in D-B-O)

o Reference office buildings may be included in the ITT as the basis for comparative assessments of environmental improvement options for construction materials

1. Professional services and technical expertise (for concept design and detailed design) Core criteria Comprehensive criteria

Selection criteria - Selection of the design team and contractors 1 The architect, consultant and/or design team consortium shall

have relevant competencies and experience

1 The architect, consultant and/or design team consortium shall

have relevant competencies and experience

2. Competencies of the construction contractor, energy services

contractors and/or property developers

2. Competencies of the construction contractor, energy services

contractors and/or property developers

2. Detailed design, performance and permitting

o Putting together the design team o Specifying performance requirements o Preparing tender documentation o Selecting and detailing designs for permitting Points of GPP integration? o In B contracts design team brief and mix of expertise/experience o In D-B and D-B-O contacts, the performance requirement will

form the basis for the Invitation To Tender (ITT) o In order to stimulate innovation a design competition can be used

from which contractors and their design teams can be selected o Technical tools used by this team to meet GPP requirements will include

building energy modeling and Life Cycle Assessment (LCA)

2. Detailed design, performance requirements and building permits Core criteria Comprehensive criteria

a. Energy efficiency

Technical specifications

1. Minimum Energy performance requirements (new-build) 1. Minimum Energy performance requirements (new-build)

2. Minimum Energy performance requirements (major renovation) 2. Minimum Energy performance requirements (major renovation)

3. Lighting efficiency and controls (new-build and major

renovation )

3. Lighting efficiency and controls (new-build and major

renovation )

4. Building Energy management systems (BEMS) (new-build and

major renovation )

4. Building Energy management systems (BEMS) (new-build and

major renovation )

5. Low or zero carbon energy sources (new-build or major

renovations)


renovations)

Award criteria

6. Minimum Energy performance requirements (new-build and

major renovations)


renovations)

Contract performance clauses

8. Energy performance contract (new-build or major renovations) 8. Energy performance contract (new-build or major renovations)

Core criteria Comprehensive criteria b. Resource efficiency / Construction materials and products

Technical specifications 1. Exclusion of certain materials (new-build and major renovations 1. Exclusion of certain materials (new-build and major renovations)

Award criteria

2. Resource efficient building elements (new-build and major

renovations)

The procurer shall award points based on the improvement in life cycle

performance of the main building elements in comparison with a

reference building. The improvement can be demonstrated using:

o the aggregate scores or ratings obtained from Environmental

Product Declarations (EPD’s) for the building elements, or;

o the building products and/or materials of which these elements are

composed, that are in accordance with ISO 14025, ISO 21930 or

EN 15804.

The bill of materials for the reference building shall be provided either by

the procurer or, in the case of two stage procurement processes, shall be

agreed with shortlisted bidders.

2. Resource efficient building elements (new-build and major

renovations)

The procurer shall award points based on the improvement in life cycle

performance of the main building elements in comparison with a

reference building. The improvement shall be demonstrated in one of

the following ways:

(i) Improvements in the Lifecycle Category Indicator results as

demonstrated by a Life Cycle Assessment carried out in

accordance with EN 15978;

(ii) Improvement in the weighted aggregate score obtained from a

building life cycle assessment tool that is in accordance with EN

15978;

(iii) Improvements in the weighted aggregate scores or ratings

obtained from EPD’s for building elements that are in accordance

with ISO 14025, ISO 21930 or EN 15804 and which have all been

selected from within the same PCR’s.

Core criteria Comprehensive criteria b. Resource efficiency / Construction materials and products

Award criteria

3. Building structure resource efficiency (new-build)

3. Building structure resource efficiency (new-build)

4. Building structure resource efficiency (major renovation) 4. Building structure resource efficiency (major renovation)

5. Recycling facilities (new-build and major renovations) 5. Recycling facilities (new-build and major renovations)

Core criteria Comprehensive criteria c. Indoor air quality and well-being of the end-users

Technical specifications 1. Emission of Volatile Organic Compounds emissions (VOC) from

building products (new-build and major renovations)

1. Emission of Volatile Organic Compounds emissions (VOC and

SVOC) from building products (new-build and major renovations)

2. Thermal and visual comfort (new-build and major renovations) 2. Thermal and visual comfort (new-build and major renovations)

o Common certification schemes: BREEAM Europe Commercial (UK, Germany, Netherlands, Poland, Spain, Austria ), DGNB (Germany, Austria), HQE (France) and LEED (pan-EU).

o Assessment tools have also been developed at a national and regional level, such and Enerbuild in Alpine region and GPR Gebouw and Greencalc+ in the Netherlands

It is not possible to simply request a specific certification. Reference must instead be made to a benchmark performance and, where possible, the underlying criteria.

Preparing tender documentation Working with existing certifications and tools

Can meaningfully be applied where there is a comparison between building designs brought forward by design teams or bidders. Possible procurement scenarios: o Where the client has a reference building design and bill of quantities that

has been appraised in order to provide a guide price for bid comparison o Where a design competition is to be used to encourage innovative

building designs to be brought forward by design teams and/or contractors

o Building designs are required to demonstrate a defined improvement in specific building components performance using a calculation tool or weighted EPD system

Guidance appendix proposed, potential for joint working with G11 WG

Construction materials Procurement exercises using LCA

3. Strip-out, demolition and site preparation works

Points of integration?

o Stripping out contract C&DW re-use and recycling + monitoring systems (in accordance with the detailed design for the major renovation)

o Demolition and clearance contract possible treatment of hazardous waste and contaminated land contacted separately and close loop re-use and recycling of materials

o Preparation of buildings for renovation

o Demolition and clearance of sites

o Site preparation works

3. Strip-out, demolition and site preparation works Core criteria Comprehensive criteria


1. Recovery of construction materials (new-build and major

renovations)

1. Recovery of construction materials (new-build and major

renovations)

2. Hazardous substance management plan (major renovations) 2. Hazardous substance management plan (major renovations)


3. Further reductions in waste management costs (new-build and

major renovations)

3. Further reductions in waste management costs (new-build and

major renovations)

4. Construction of the building and renovation works

Points of integration? • In D-B and D-B-O the contractor will have been selected at an earlier

stage on the basis of their capabilities and their response to requirements • In a B contract, monitoring and reporting is required to ensure the

contractor is meeting the tender specification - e.g. site waste management, sustainable sourcing of wood

o Selecting the main construction contractor

o Commencement of work on site

o Monitoring of contract clauses

4. Construction of the building or major renovation works a. Reducing energy use and CO2 emissions

Core criteria Comprehensive criteria


1. Installation and commission of building services 1. Installation and commission of building services

b. Specification of resource efficient construction



1. Responsible sourcing of wood construction materials 1. Responsible sourcing of wood construction materials

2. Water saving installations

5. Installation of energy services

Points of integration?

o An opportunity to invite the market to bring forward low or zero carbon emission technologies.

o The commissioning of energy services should be monitored

o Identification of low or zero carbon energy technologies

o Decision to transfer risk to third party

o Selection of providers

5. Installation of energy services a. Energy generating technology


Technical specifications 1. Low or zero carbon energy sources

2. Combined Heat and Power (CHP) 2. Combined Heat and Power (CHP)

3. Installation and commission of building services

Award criteria

4. Low or zero carbon energy sources


5. Energy performance contract 5. Energy performance contract

6. Practical completion and handover

Points of integration? o The building manual and handover training if a BEMS is specified,

training on how it works o Testing the integrity of the building fabric as incorporated into the ITT o An upgrading plan may also form part of a D-B-O contract.

o The building manual and handover training o Testing of the building fabric performance o Upgrading plans o EOL dismantling plan

6. Practical completion and handover a. Reducing energy use and CO2 emissions



1. Quality of the completed building fabric 1. Quality of the completed building fabric

2. BEMS manual and training 2. BEMS manual and training

7. Facilities management

Points of integration? o ITT for the facilities manager (energy, water and waste management

systems) o GPP criteria incorporated into the long-term contract with the D-B-O

consortium o Energy management can be incentivised by introducing incentives and

penalty clauses into the D-B-O arrangement

o Ongoing management and maintenance of the building o Energy, water and waste management systems o Charging for utilities

7. Facilities management a. Energy saving management systems



1. Building energy management 1. Building energy management

2. Waste management system 2. Waste management system

Award criteria

3. Energy performance contract 3. Energy performance contract


1. Presentation of the GPP office building guidance document

2. Consultation on guidance and revised criteria

3. Presentation of further draft to GPP AG

We welcome suggestions on expanding the stakeholder group to

include procurement expertise e.g. SCI Network, PP-PP Network, local

procurement projects


Nicholas Dodd

Tel. +34 954 48 84 86

e-mail [email protected]

Elena Garbarino

tel. +34 954 487 179

e-mail [email protected]

Contact

mailto:[email protected]

mailto:[email protected]

EU GPP criteria for road construction



A road can be defined as "Line of communication (travelled way) using a stabilized base other than rails or air strips open to public traffic, primarily for the use of road motor vehicles running on their own wheels" (OECD, 2013)

Revision EU GPP criteria on road construction

Scope proposal and Questionnaire (sent on March 2013 to stakeholders)

Questionnaire feedback n.

Stakeholder Country

3 MSs UK, DK, NL

5 Public Authorities, Environmental Agencies DK, IT, DE, IT, BE

4 Expert (Research Centres, Universities) BE, IT., Turkey

11 Industry Associations CH, BE, DE

- All the life cycle phases of road construction:

a) the raw materials and secondary/recycled materials production

phase, including transport of materials;

b) the production phase (manufacturing of materials for the road,

transport of materials to the construction site etc.);

c) the road construction phase (including ground works) ;

d) the use phase (to be considered in relationship to the choice of

construction materials able to reduce the rolling resistance and hence to

reduce the fuel consumption of vehicles)

e) the maintenance and operation phase ;

f) the end-of-life phase

Inclusion in the scope

- Noise barriers (made by concrete, soil as integrated part of the earth works, etc.)

- Drainage and water run off systems

according to stakeholders feedback

Exclusion from the scope

Traffic signs, because they are of minor importance (according to Stripple

2001, approximate influence of the traffic signs below 1% of the phases raw materials extraction, construction, operation and maintenance)

Road markings (included in the EU GPP criteria for paints and varnishes)

Street lighting and traffic signals (covered by EU GPP criteria for street

lighting and traffic signals)

Information systems (small amounts of energy compared to the energy

consumption through the full life cycle of a road)

Foundations or lighting of traffic signs (as in the current criteria 2010)

Other types of road furniture (pedestrian walkways, bollards, overhead

gantries and central reservations, as in the current criteria 2010)

A guidance document aimed at providing procurers with orientation on how to effectively integrate the GPP criteria for road construction into the procurement process will be provided

Approach: procurement process for road construction

According to SCI guide Taking into consideration the common contracts employed in road construction and maintenance • Construction (B) works • Design and Build (D-B) • Design, Build and Operate

(D-B-O) with project financing

Indicative sequence of procurement activities

1. Preliminary scoping and feasibility (project definition, choosing

the site, concept design). Initial selection of GPP criteria and preliminary LCC

2. Detailed design and preparation of tender documentation (detailed design in all forms of contract. Specification of GPP criteria)

3. Construction (Selecting the main construction contractor). Monitoring

and verification of GPP criteria

5. Demolition, decommissioning. Monitoring and verification of GPP

criteria

4. Maintenance and operation. Monitoring and verification of GPP

criteria

Draft criteria areas

1. Rolling resistance reduction using optimal road construction techniques and specific materials (without decreasing safety) Reduction of fuel consumption and emissions of vehicles

2. Construction materials a) Sustainable use of materials with lower environmental impacts

evaluated by means of a performance based approach

b) Use of alternative materials as input materials

• employment of secondary, recycled/reused materials (resources

efficiency, reduction in waste landfilling and land use impacts)

• transportation distances of recycled/secondary materials in comparison of natural materials

• rubber asphalt (employing granulated tires) reduction of noise

c) Reuse/recycling of materials generated during ground works close loop balance of excavated soil

d) During the maintenance phase, recycling of asphalt (recycled asphalt pavement) and concrete pavements

e) Use of cold asphalt and warm mix asphalt

f) Durability, increase of lifetime of materials, decrease of maintenance operations

g) Avoiding hazardous substances

3. Traffic delays caused by traffic congestion during both the construction and the maintenance phase (effective traffic

management plan)

4. Sustainable Drainage System (role in pollution and flood control)

5. Noise emission

6. Health of workers

Further investigation is needed on:

1) rolling resistance, especially on materials and technologies able to reduce the rolling resistance and on parameters used for modelling the relationship between fuel consumption and rolling resistance

2) BATs and improvement potential

Next steps

Thank you

green public procurement criteria development /...

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