Good Morning!!!1. NVC

2. Check Cornell Notes

3. Rise of Labor Unions and the Homestead Strike

4. Immigration (if time)

Essential Question: Why did the Homestead Strike of 1892 turn violent?Homework: Rough Draft of Outline due FRIDAY for peer review

Rise of Labor Unions• Labor Unions: group of

workers organized to protect the interests of its members– AFL (American Federation of

Labor) first and largest union for form at this time

– Formed in response to low pay and unhealthy working conditions

– Collective Bargaining: group negotiations between workers and employers to reach common agreement on wages/working conditions for everyone.

– If demands are not met, workers can Strike

Strikes turn Violent• Haymarket Affair (1886,

Chicago)– Strike over 8 hour work

day– Dynamite thrown at a

demonstration

• Pullman Strike (1894, Chicago)– Railroad workers strike

over lowered wages– Federal troops break the

strike

The Homestead Strike• Homestead Steel Mill: owned by

Andrew Carnegie– Mill run by Henry Frick

• Worker contracts expire in 1892– Frick tries to lower wages– Workers try collective bargaining

to keep wages– Frick refuses to negotiate, locks

workers out

• The Homestead Strike– Frick hires Pinkerton Detectives to

guard mill– “battle” breaks out when they

arrive– Largest uprising since Civil War

Historical Inquiry

Why did the Homestead Strike of 1892 turn violent?

Amalgamated Association: Worker’s organization that formed at Homestead to collectively bargain

Historical Inquiry: Why did the Homestead Strike of 1892 turn violent?

Docs Source: who wrote this document? Do you trust it? Why or why not?

Hypothesize: According to this document, why did the Homestead Strike turn violent? Explain

Evidence: quotes/info from the document supporting the suggestion

Doc A

Doc B

Doc C

The Homestead Strike

• Why did the Homestead Strike turn violent? Because of the workers? Henry Frick? The Pinkertons? Some combination? Write 3-5 sentences on the back of your graphic organizer

Transition: Immigration

What do you know about your family’s immigration history? Where did your family come from? Why did they come here?

Family

Immigrants• Vast majority of immigrants

in 1880s from Europe– Also from Asia, Canada, and

Mexico

• Push Factors– Population Growth – Hunger– Lack of Arable (farm) Land– Religious Persecution

• Pull Factors– Democracy– Jobs– Natural Resources

“American Land”- Bruce Springsteen http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SPIYmjzbK7c

• What is this land of America, so many travel thereI'm going now while I'm still young, my darling meet me there

Wish me luck my lovely, I'll send for you when I canAnd we'll make our home in the American land

Over there all the woman wear silk and satin to their knees*And children dear, the sweets, I hear, are growing on the trees*

Gold comes rushing out the river straight into your hands*If you make your home in the American land*

There's diamonds in the sidewalks, there's gutters lined in songDear I hear that beer flows through the faucets all night long

There's treasure for the taking, for any hard working manWho will make his home in the American land

I docked at Ellis Island in a city of light and spireI wandered to the valley of red-hot steel and fire****

We made the steel that built the cities with the sweat of our two handsAnd I made my home in the American land

“American Land”- Bruce Springsteen• There's diamonds in the sidewalk, there's gutters lined in song

Dear I hear that beer flows through the faucets all night longThere's treasure for the taking, for any hard working man

Who will make his home in the American land

The McNicholas, the Posalski's, the Smiths, Zerillis too**The Blacks, the Irish, the Italians, the Germans and the Jews

The Puerto Ricans, illegals, the Asians, Arabs miles from home***-*****Come across the water with a fire down below******

They died building the railroads, worked to bones and skinThey died in the fields and factories, names scattered in the wind

They died to get here a hundred years ago, they're dyin' nowThe hands that built the country we're all trying to keep down

There's diamonds in the sidewalk, there's gutters lined in songDear I hear that beer flows through the faucets all night long

There's treasure for the taking, for any hard working manWho will make his home in the American landWho will make his home in the American landWho will make his home in the American land

Coming to Americaaaaa!

Give me your tired, your poor, your huddles masses yearning to breathe free, The wretched refuse of your teeming shore. Send these, the homeless, tempest-tost to me, I lift my lamp beside the golden door”

~Emma Lazarus 1883, Jewish-American poet

Coming to Americ-uh what?...

“Imprisoned in the wooden building day after day, my freedom withheld; how can I bear to talk about it?”– Unknown Chinese Detainee

Life at an Immigration Station• Medical Inspections– “Six Second Exam”– Incredibly invasive

• Legal Interviews– 29 Questions– Some are “trick”

questions = trying to deport you

• 20% fail one of these tests and are detained

• 2% deported

Life After Ellis/Angel Island

• Vast majority settle in cities– Tenements: crowded,

dirty housing for the poor

– Settlement Houses: provide services to help to immigrants

• Most Americans are hostile to immigrants