gmos: risk for human and animal helth

8/2/2019 GMOs: Risk for Human and animal Helth

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fdlcy rczc ifed`ch xg jc ‖ysjyxelxdefft cusdqefclx‐ xg }ezclx fdlcy dl fcqcfy ga èizglsxzdclxy elh

bgyyt}gf& itifg}zg}clgdh aexxt eidhy elh eafexg{dl fcqcfy rczc fcyy xkel xkgyc dl iglqclxdglef

ycchy, Kgrcqcz& jciesyc ga xkc syc ga dle}}zg}zdexc yxexdyxdiy dx dy uscyxdglejfc rkcxkcz xkc B@

elh lgl-B@ fdlcy rczc xzsft cusdqefclx& }ezxdisfezft ey clqdzgl`clxef yxzcyycy igsfh keqc

sl}zchdixejfc caacixy gl elxdlsxzdclx'xg{dl fcqcfy,

Zcysfx? Xkc xg{dl fcqcf ga B@ igxxgl dy sl}zchdixejfc,

i, Yeacxt xcyxy gl ig``czidef B@ izg}y?

B@ xgèxgcy? Xkc adzyx elh glft yeacxt cqefsexdgl ga e B@ izg}& xkc AFEQZ YEQZ X@

xgèxg&

rey ig``dyydglch jt Iefbclc& ey zcusdzch jt xkc AHE, Xkdy B@ xgèxg rey }zghsich jt

dlyczxdlb nelz bclcy dlxg e xgèxg jt el ‛elxdyclyc— B@ `cxkgh, Xkc xcyx key lgx jccl }ccz-

zcqdcrch gz }sjfdykch jsx dy gl xkc dlxczlcx, Xkc zcysfxy ifed` xkczc rczc lg ydbldadielx efxczexdgly

dl xgxef }zgxcdl& qdxe`dly elh `dlczef iglxclxy elh dl xg{di bftigefnefgdhy, Xkczcagzc& xkc B@ elh

}ezclx xgèxgcy rczc hcc`ch xg jc ‖ysjyxelxdefft cusdqefclx,‐



]ebc 3 Dl eisxc xg{didxt yxshdcy rdxk èfc'acèfc zexy& rkdik rczc xsjc-ach kg`gbcldch B@ xgèxgcy&

xg{di caacixy rczc ifed`ch xg jc ejyclx, Dl ehhdxdgl& dx rey iglifshch xkex `cel jght elh gzbel

rcdbkxy& rcdbkx bedly& aggh iglys`}xdgl elh ifdldief ikc`dyxzt gz jfggh }eze`cxczy rczc lgx

ydbldadielxft hdaaczclx jcxrccl B@-ach elh iglxzgf bzgs}y, Kgrcqcz?

• Xkc sleiic}xejft rdhc zelbc ga zex yxezxdlb rcdbkxy +µ5;# xg µ:9#$ dlqefdhexch xkcyc

adlhdlby,

• Lg kdyxgfgbt gl xkc dlxcyxdlcy rey hglc cqcl xkgsbk yxgèik ycixdgly ykgrch

`dfh'`ghczexc czgydqc'lcizgxdi fcydgly dl s} xg ycqcl gsx ga xrclxt acèfc zexy jsx lglc dlxkc iglxzgfy, Kgrcqcz& xkcyc rczc iglydhczch xg jc ga lg d`}gzxelic& efxkgsbk dl ksèly

xkct igsfh fceh xg fdac-clhelbczdlb kc`gzzkebc& }ezxdisfezft dl xkc cfhczft rkg syc ey}dzdl

xg }zcqclx xkzg`jgydy,

• Ycqcl gsx ga agzxt zexy gl B@ xgèxgcy hdch rdxkdl xrg rccny agz slyxexch zceygly,

• Xkcyc yxshdcy rczc }ggzft hcydblch elh xkczcagzc xkc iglifsydgl xkex AFEQZ

YEQZ X@

xgèxgcy rczc yeac hgcy lgx zcyx gl bggh yidclic& uscyxdgldlb xkc qefdhdxt ga xkc

AHE—y hcidydgl xkex lg xg{digfgbdief xcyxdlb ga gxkcz B@ agghy rdff dl asxszc jc zcusdzch,

Zcysfx? Yg`c zexy hdch rdxkdl e acr rccny eaxcz cexdlb B@ xgèxgcy,

B@ èdc? Xrg fdlcy ga Ikezhgl FF kczjdidhc-zcydyxelx B@ èdc c{}zcyydlb xkc bclc ga

]kgy}kdlgxkzdidl Eicxtfxzelyaczeyc Clt`c +]EX-]ZGXCDL$ jcagzc elh eaxcz clydfdlb ykgrchydbldadielx hdaaczclicy dl aex elh iezjgkthzexc iglxclxy ig`}ezch rdxk lgl-B@ èdc elh rczc

xkczcagzc ysjyxelxdefft hdaaczclx, Xg{didxt xcyxy rczc glft }czagz`ch rdxk xkc ]EX-]ZGXCDL

cqcl xkgsbk rdxk xkdy xkc sl}zchdixejfc caacixy ga xkc bclc xzelyacz gz xkc qcixgz gz bclc dlyczxdgl

igsfh lgx jc hc`glyxzexch gz c{ifshch, Xkc hcydbl ga xkcyc c{}czd`clxy rey efyg aferch jciesyc?

• Xkc yxezxdlb rcdbkx ga xkc zexy qezdch jt `gzc xkel µ:=# elh dlhdqdhsef acch dlxency rczc

lgx `gldxgzch,

• Acch iglqczydgl caadidclit gl ]EX-]ZGXCDL rey ydbldadielxft zchsich,

• Szdlc gsx}sx dlizceych elh ycqczef ifdldief }eze`cxczy rczc efyg hdaaczclx,

• Xkc rcdbkx elh kdyxgfgbt ga xkc hdbcyxdqc xzeix +elh }elizcey$ rey lgx `ceyszch,

Xksy& B@ èdc c{}zcyydlb ]EX-]ZGXCDL èt }zcyclx sleiic}xejfc kcefxk zdyny,

Zcysfx? Zexy— ejdfdxt xg hdbcyx rey hcizceych eaxcz cexdlb B@ igzl,

dd, Effczbcldidxt? Effczbdcy ezc iesych jt xkc y}cidadi eixdqexdgl ga el dlafe`èxgzt }zgicyy

zcysfxdlb azg` effczbcly dlxczeixdlb rdxk d``slc caacixgz `cikeldy`y, Y}cidadi effczbdcy ykgr

bcgbze}kdi hdyxzdjsxdgl }zdèzdft jciesyc ga hdcxezt iglydhczexdgly, Yg`c ga xkc jcyx-hgis`clxch

c{e`}fcy ga aggh effczbdcy dlifshc }celsxy& `dfn& kcl—y cbby& Jzedf lsxy& kecflsxy& reflsxy&

ykcffadyk& icfczt& ndrd azsdx& elh zdic, Efxkgsbk xt}dief yt`}xg`y ga aggh effczbcly ezc lgx fdac

xkzcexcldlb& ycqczc ele}ktfeixdi zceixdgly èt jc aexef,

Xkc xcz` aggh effczbt dy gaxcl gqczsych jt xkc }sjfdi& ey rcff ey jt yg`c }ktydidely elh

yidclxdyxy& xg hcyizdjc elt slhcydzch gz jgxkczyg`c }zgjfc` zcfexch xg hdcx, Agz ifezdxt& ksèl

ehqczyc zceixdgly xg agghy iel jc ifeyydadch dlxg xrg iexcbgzdcy? xg{di zceixdgly elh lglxg{di

zceixdgly, Xg{di zceixdgly ezc iesych jt xg{dielxy lexszefft giiszzdlb dl agghy gz xg{di

ig`}gslhy elh iglxe`dlelxy dlxzghsich hszdlb aggh }zghsixdgl& }zgicyydlb& elh kelhfdlb,

Lglxg{di zceixdgly ezc aszxkcz hdqdhch dlxg aggh dlxgfczelic elh aggh effczbt, Aggh dlxgfczelic

zcaczy xg xkgyc lglxg{di zceixdgly xkex ezc lgld``slc `chdexch, Glc c{e`}fc ga aggh dlxgfczelic

dy feixgyc dlxgfczelic& xkc dlejdfdxt xg hdbcyx feixgyc }zcyclx dl hedzt aggh }zghsixy,

Aggh effczbt dy hcadlch ey xkgyc lglxg{di zceixdgly xkex ezc }zdèzdft d``slc `chdexch,



]ebc 1 Xkc elxdbcldi `gfcisfcy bdqdlb zdyc xg xkc d``slc zcy}glyc ezc xkczcagzc ieffch aggh effczbcly,

Xkc d``slc-`chdexch aggh effczbt iel jc `chdexch jt DbC +d``slgbfgjsfdl C$ gz lgl-DbC

`chdexch, @gyx nlgrl ieycy ga aggh effczbt ezc DbC `chdexch, Dl DbC-`chdexch aggh effczbt&

rkcl adzyx dlbcyxch& xkc effczbcly èt jc ifceqch xg yg`c hcbzcc jt hdbcyxdqc clt`cy& ejygzjch

jt xkc bsx `sigye& }zgicyych dl d``slg}gxclx icffy& elh xkcl }zcyclxch xg xkc d``slc ytyxc`&

zcysfxdlb dl xkc }zghsixdgl ga effczbcl-y}cidadi DbC, Xkc effczbcl-y}cidadi DbC elxdjghdcy idzisfexc

dl xkc jght elh rdff jdlh xg èyx icffy xkzgsbkgsx xkc jght xdyyscy elh jeyg}kdfy dl xkc jfggh, Gl

zclcrch iglxeix rdxk xkc aggh effczbcly& xkc effczbcly jdlh xg xkc DbC elxdjghdcy& rkdik xzdbbczy

xkc hcbzelsfexdgl ga xkc èyx icffy elh jeyg}kdfy elh }zghsixdgl ga `chdexgzy +ysik ey kdyxe`dlc

elh fcsngxzdclcy$& rkdik dlhsic qezdgsy ifdldief yt`}xg`y, Yt`}xg`y ga DbC-`chdexch aggh

effczbt qezt e`glb dlhdqdhsefy elh ezc lgly}cidadi, Xkc ifdldief ey}cixy ga DbC-`chdexch aggh

effczbt iel jc gzef +dxikdlb elh yrcffdlb ga fd}y& `gsxk& gz xkzgex$> hczèf +szxdiezde& exg}di

hczèxdxdy& elbdgchczè$> beyxzgdlxcyxdlef +qg`dxdlb& ize`}y& hdezzkce& ejhg`dlef }edl$>

zcy}dzexgzt +eyxkè& zkdldxdy& jzglikgy}ey`& rkccdlb$> elh iezhdgqeyisfez +hcizceyc dl jfggh

}zcyyszc& ele}ktfe{dy$, Xkc yt`}xg`y èt giisz rdxkdl `dlsxcy xg hety eaxcz dlbcyxdgl ga xkc

gaaclhdlb aggh& elh dl ycqczc ieycy& hcexk igsfh giisz,

Effczbcldidxt yxshdcy?

Glc ga xkc èogz kcefxk igliczly rdxk B@ aggh dy dxy }gxclxdef xg dlizceyc effczbdcy elh

ele}ktfe{dy dl ksèly cexdlb slfejcfch B@ agghyxsaay,

• Rkcl xkc bclc dy azg` e izg} ga nlgrl effczbcldidxt& dx dy ceyt xg cyxejfdyk rkcxkcz xkc

B@ aggh dy effczbcldi sydlbdl qdxzgxcyxy& ysik ey ZEYX gz d``slgjfgxxdlb& rdxk ycze azg`

dlhdqdhsefy yclydxdych xg xkc gzdbdlef izg}, Xkdy rey hc`glyxzexch dl B@ ygtjcely

c{}zcyydlb xkc jzeydf lsx : Y }zgxcdl gz dl B@ }gxexgcy c{}zcyydlb igh }zgxcdl bclcy,

• Dx dy efyg zcfexdqcft ceyt xg eyycyy rkcxkcz bclcxdi clbdlcczdlb eaacixch xkc }gxclit ga

clhgbclgsy effczbcly, Yg`c aez` rgznczy c{}gych xg J, xkszdlbdclydy }cyxdidhc rczc

ykgrl xg keqc hcqcfg}ch yndl yclydxdexdgl elh DbC elxdjghdcy xg xkc Jx y}gzc c{xzeix,

Rdxk xkcdz ycze dx èt lgr xkczcagzc jc }gyydjfc xg xcyx agz xkc effczbcldi }gxclxdef ga B@

izg}y c{}zcyydlb Jx xg{dl, Dx dy eff xkc `gzc d`}gzxelx jciesyc Jx xg{dl Izt5Ei key

zciclxft jccl ykgrl xg jc e }gxclx gzef'leyef elxdbcl elh ehosqelx,

Eyycyy`clx ga xkc effczbcldidxt ga e B@ agghizg}& kgrcqcz& dy hdaadisfx rkcl xkc bclc dyxzelyaczzch azg` e ygszic lgx cexcl jcagzc gz rdxk slnlgrl effczbcldidxt gz gl bclc

xzelyacz'dlyczxdgl e lcr effczbcl gz ehosqelx dy hcqcfg}ch gz xkc c{}zcyydgl ga e `dlgz effczbcl dy

dlizceych, Slagzxslexcft& rkdfc xkczc ezc bggh eldèf `ghcfy agz lsxzdxdglef'xg{digfgbdief xcyxdlb&

lg ysik `ghcfy c{dyx agz effczbcldidxt xcyxdlb,

• ]zcyclxft glft dlhdzcix elh zexkcz yidclxdadiefft slygslh `cxkghy& ysik ey adlhdlb YKGZX

ycusclic kg`gfgbdcy +ex fceyx ; iglxdbsgsy e`dlg eidhy$ xg elt ga xkc ejgsx :== nlgrl

effczbcly& ezc sych agz xkc eyycyy`clx ga effczbcldidxt,

• Xkc hcidydgl-xzcc xt}c ga dlhdzcix e}}zgeik jeych gl aeixgzy +ysik ey ydc elh yxejdfdxt$ ga

xkc xzelybcldiefft c{}zcyych }zgxcdl dy cqcl `gzc slygslh& }ezxdisfezft ey dxy yxejdfdxt xg

bsx }zgxcgftydy dy eyycyych jt el dl qdxzg +yd`sfexch$ xcyxdlb dlyxceh ga dl

qdqg+ksèl'eldèf$ xcyxdlb elh xkdy dy aslhe`clxefft rzglb, Xkc iglic}x xkex `gyxeffczbcly ezc ejslhelx }zgxcdly dy efyg `dyfcehdlb jciesyc agz c{e`}fc Beh i 5& xkc èogz

effczbcl dl ighadyk& dy lgx e }zchg`dlelx }zgxcdl,

• Kgrcqcz& rkcl xkc bclc zcy}glydjfc agz xkc effczbcldidxt dy nlgrl& ysik ey xkc bclc ga xkc

ef}ke-e`tfeyc'xzt}ydl dlkdjdxgzy'effczbcly dl zdic& ifgldlb elh ycusclidlb g}cly xkc ret

agz zchsidlb xkcdz fcqcf jt elxdyclyc ZLE yxzexcbt,

Xksy& dl xkc ejyclic ga zcfdejfc `cxkghy agz effczbcldidxt xcyxdlb& dx dy ex }zcyclx d`}gyydjfc xg

hcadldxcft cyxejfdyk rkcxkcz e lcr B@ izg} dy effczbcldi gz lgx jcagzc dxy zcfceyc dlxg xkc

ksèl'eldèf aggh'acch ikedl,



]ebc 2 ddd, ]exkgbcl hzsb zcydyxelic +Elxdjdgxdi zcydyxelic$? Xkc ig`jdlexdgl ga elxdjdgxdi

zcydyxelic bclcy elh elxdjdgxdi dy el d`}gzxelx xggf dl bclcxdi clbdlcczdlb dl bclczef elh dl }felx

jdgxciklgfgbt dl }ezxdisfez, E nct xeyn dl bclcxdi clbdlcczdlb dy xkc dhclxdadiexdgl elh ycfcixdgl ga

icffy dlxg rkdik e lcr bclc key jccl dlxzghsich, Elxdjdgxdi zcydyxelic bclcy keqc xkc ejdfdxt xg

ycfcixdqcft dleixdqexc iczxedl elxdjdgxdiy elh iglycusclxft }zgxcix icffy ebedlyx xkcyc elxdjdgxdiy,

El elxdjdgxdi zcydyxelic bclc iel xksy jc sych xg ‖xeb‐ e bclc iezztdlb e xzedx gz ikezeixczdyxdi ga

dlxczcyx, Dl }zeixdic xkc elxdjdgxdi bclc dy fdlnch xg e bclc iezztdlb xkc xzedx ga dlxczcyx }zdgz xg dxy

dlxzghsixdgl dlxg xkc zcid}dclx icffy& rkcxkcz ga jeixczdef& tceyx& }felx gz eldèf gzdbdl, Xkcyc icffy

ezc xkcl dlisjexch dl xkc }zcyclic ga xkc elxdjdgxdi, Xkc glft icffy rkdik `sfxd}ft slhcz xkcyc

iglhdxdgly ezc xkc glcy xkex keqc dligz}gzexch xkc elxdjdgxdi zcydyxelic bclc xgbcxkcz rdxk xkc xzedx

ga dlxczcyx,

Kgrcqcz& igliczl key jccl c{}zcyych xkex xkc zcfceyc ga xkcyc èznczy dl B@ }felxy èt zcysfx dl

el dlizceyc dl xkc zexc ga elxdjdgxdi zcydyxelic dl ksèl }exkgbcly,

e, Jeixczdef `cikeldy`y ga elxdjdgxdi zcydyxelic? Ycqczef `cikeldy`y keqc cqgfqch dl jeixczde rkdik iglacz xkc` rdxk elxdjdgxdi zcydyxelic, Xkcyc

`cikeldy`y iel ikc`diefft `ghdat xkc elxdjdgxdi& zclhcz dx dleixdqc xkzgsbk }ktydief zc`gqef

azg` xkc icff& gz `ghdat xezbcx ydxc yg xkex dx dy lgx zcigbldch jt xkc elxdjdgxdi, Xkc `gyx ig``gl `ghc dy cltèxdi dleixdqexdgl ga xkc elxdjdgxdi, El c{dyxdlb icffsfez clt`cdy `ghdadch xg zceix rdxk xkc elxdjdgxdi dl ysik e ret xkex dx lg fglbcz eaacixy xkc `dizggzbeldy`,

El efxczlexdqc yxzexcbt sxdfdch jt èlt jeixczde dy xkc efxczexdgl ga xkc elxdjdgxdi xezbcx ydxc,

Xkcyc elh gxkcz `cikeldy`y ezc ykgrl dl xkc xkc adbszc elh eiig`}eltdlb xejfc jcfgr, Xejfc? @cikeldy` ga elxdjdgxdi zcydyxelic

Elxdjdgxdi @cxkgh ga zcydyxelic

Ikfgze`}kcldigf Zchsich s}xenc dlxg icff

Xcxzeitifdlc Eixdqc caafs{ azg` xkc icff

κ-feixe`y& Cztxkzg`tidl&

Fdlig`tidl

Cfd`dlexcy gz zchsicy jdlhdlb ga elxdjdgxdi xg icff xezbcx

κ-feixe`y& E`dlgbftigydhcy&

Ikfgze`}kcldigf

Cltèxdi ifceqebc gz `ghdadiexdgl xg dleixdqexc

elxdjdgxdi `gfcisfc

Ysfagle`dhcy& Xzd`cxkg}zd` @cxejgfdi jt}eyy ga dlkdjdxch zceixdgl

Ysfagle`dhcy& Xzd`cxkg}zd` Gqcz}zghsixdgl ga elxdjdgxdi xezbcx +xdxzexdgl$

Adbszc? @cikeldy`y ga elxdjdgxdi zcydyxelic dl jeixczde



]ebc ; j, Xkc eiusdydxdgl elh y}zceh ga elxdjdgxdi zcydyxelic dl jeixczde?

Xkc hcqcfg}`clx ga zcydyxelic dy dlcqdxejfc agffgrdlb xkc dlxzghsixdgl ga e lcr elxdjdgxdi, Dldxdef

zexcy ga zcydyxelic xg lcr hzsby ezc lgzèfft gl xkc gzhcz ga 5#, Kgrcqcz& `ghczl sycy ga

elxdjdgxdiy keqc iesych e ksbc dlizceyc dl xkc ls`jcz ga zcydyxelx jeixczde, Dl aeix& rdxkdl ;-5:

tcezy eaxcz rdhc-y}zceh syc& yxzedly zcydyxelx xg `sfxd}fc hzsby jcig`c rdhcy}zceh, @sfxd}fc hzsb

zcydyxelx yxzedly ga yg`c jeixczde keqc zceikch xkc }zg}gzxdgl xkex qdzxsefft lg elxdjdgxdiy ezc

eqedfejfc agz xzcex`clx, Elxdjdgxdi zcydyxelic dl jeixczde èt jc el dlkczclx xzedx ga xkc gzbeldy` +c,b, e }ezxdisfez xt}c ga icff reff yxzsixszc$ xkex zclhczy dx lexszefft zcydyxelx& gz dx èt jc eiusdzch jt `cely ga

`sxexdgl dl dxy grl HLE gz eiusdydxdgl ga zcydyxelic-iglaczzdlb HLE azg` elgxkcz ygszic,

Dlkczclx +lexszef$ zcydyxelic? Jeixczde èt jc dlkczclxft zcydyxelx xg el elxdjdgxdi, Agz c{e`}fc&

el gzbeldy` feiny e xzely}gzx ytyxc` agz el elxdjdgxdi> gz el gzbeldy` feiny xkc xezbcx ga xkc

elxdjdgxdi `gfcisfc> gz& ey dl xkc ieyc ga Bze`-lcbexdqc jeixczde& xkc icff reff dy igqczch rdxk el

gsxcz `c`jzelc xkex cyxejfdykcy e }cz`cejdfdxt jezzdcz ebedlyx xkc elxdjdgxdi,

Eiusdzch zcydyxelic? Ycqczef `cikeldy`y ezc hcqcfg}ch jt jeixczde dl gzhcz xg eiusdzc zcydyxelic

xg elxdjdgxdiy, Eff zcusdzc cdxkcz xkc `ghdadiexdgl ga c{dyxdlb bclcxdi èxczdef gz xkc eiusdydxdgl ga

lcr bclcxdi èxczdef azg` elgxkcz ygszic, Qczxdief bclc xzelyacz ? Xkc y}glxelcgsy `sxexdgl azcusclit agz elxdjdgxdi zcydyxelic dy gl xkc

gzhcz ga ejgsx ga ejgsx 5=-;- 5=-4, Xkdy `cely xkex glc dl cqczt cqczt 5=;- 5=4 jeixczde dl el

dlacixdgl rdff hcqcfg} zcydyxelic xkzgsbk xkc }zgicyy ga `sxexdgl, Dl C, igfd& dx key jccl cyxdèxch

xkex yxzc}xg`tidl zcydyxelic dy eiusdzch ex e zexc ga e}}zg{dèxcft 5=-4

rkcl c{}gych xg kdbk

igliclxzexdgly ga yxzc}xg`tidl, Efxkgsbk `sxexdgl dy e qczt zezc cqclx& xkc qczt aeyx bzgrxk zexc

ga jeixczde elh xkc ejygfsxc ls`jcz ga icffy exxedlch `cely xkex dx hgcyl"x xenc fglb jcagzc

zcydyxelic dy hcqcfg}ch dl e }g}sfexdgl, Glic xkc zcydyxelic bclcy keqc hcqcfg}ch& xkct ezc xzelyaczzch hdzcixft xg eff xkc jeixczde"y

}zgbclt hszdlb HLE zc}fdiexdgl, Xkdy dy nlgrl ey qczxdief bclc xzelyacz gz qczxdief cqgfsxdgl,

Xkc }zgicyy dy yxzdixft e èxxcz ga Hezrdldel cqgfsxdgl hzdqcl jt }zdlid}fcy ga lexszef ycfcixdgl? e

y}glxelcgsy `sxexdgl dl xkc jeixczdef ikzg`gyg`c d`}ezxy zcydyxelic xg e `c`jcz ga xkc jeixczdef }g}sfexdgl, Dl xkc ycfcixdqc clqdzgl`clx ga xkc elxdjdgxdi& xkc rdfh xt}c +lgl `sxelxy$ ezc ndffch

elh xkc zcydyxelx `sxelx dy effgrch xg bzgr elh afgszdyk Kgzdglxef bclc xzelyacz ? Elgxkcz `cikeldy` jctglh y}glxelcgsy `sxexdgl dy zcy}glydjfc agz

xkc eiusdydxdgl ga elxdjdgxdi zcydyxelic, Fexczef gz kgzdglxef bclc xzelyacz +KBX$ dy e }zgicyy

rkczcjt bclcxdi èxczdef iglxedlch dl yèff }eincxy ga HLE iel jc xzelyaczzch jcxrccl

dlhdqdhsef jeixczde ga xkc ye`c y}cidcy gz cqcl jcxrccl hdaaczclx y}cidcy, Xkczc ezc ex fceyx xkzcc }gyydjfc `cikeldy`y ga KBX& cusdqefclx xg xkc xkzcc }zgicyycy ga bclcxdi

c{ikelbc dl jeixczde, Xkcyc ezc xzelyhsixdgl& xzelyagzèxdgl gz iglosbexdgl,

Iglosbexdgl giiszy rkcl xkczc dy hdzcix icff-icff iglxeix jcxrccl xrg jeixczde +rkdik lcch lgx jc

ifgycft zcfexch$ elh xzelyacz ga yèff }dcicy ga HLE ieffch }fey`dhy xency }feic, Xkdy dy xkgsbkxxg jc xkc èdl `cikeldy` ga KBX,

Xzelyagzèxdgl dy e }zgicyy rkczc }ezxy ga HLE ezc xencl s} jt xkc jeixczde azg` xkc c{xczlef

clqdzgl`clx, Xkdy HLE dy lgzèfft }zcyclx dl xkc c{xczlef clqdzgl`clx hsc xg xkc hcexk elh ftydy

ga elgxkcz jeixczds`,

Xzelyhsixdgl giiszy rkcl jeixczde-y}cidadi qdzsycy +jeixczdg}kebcy$ xzelyacz HLE jcxrccl xrg

ifgycft zcfexch jeixczde,



]ebc 4 i, Ygidcxef& `chdief elh ebzdisfxszef }zeixdicy xkex fceh xg elxdjdgxdi zcydyxelic?

Dl xkc aeic ga e `dizgjc"y dlkczclx ejdfdxt xg hcqcfg} elxdjdgxdi zcydyxelic& èlt ygidcxef, `chdief

elh ebzdisfxszef }zeixdicy iglxzdjsxc xg xkdy }zgicyy& agzc`gyx ga rkdik ezc hdyisyych jcfgr,

Elxdjdgxdiy dl aggh elh rexcz ? ]zcyizd}xdgl hzsby ezc lgx xkc glft ygszic ga elxdjdgxdiy dl xkc

clqdzgl`clx, Dl xkc Sldxch Yxexcy& elxdjdgxdiy iel jc agslh dl jcca iexxfc& }dby elh }gsfxzt, Xkc

ye`c elxdjdgxdiy xkcl adlh xkcdz ret dlxg `sldid}ef rexcz ytyxc`y rkcl xkc zslgaa azg` kgsydlb

aeidfdxdcy elh acchfgxy iglxe`dlexcy yxzce`y elh bzgslhrexcz, Yg dx"y e hgsjfc kdx? rc bcx

elxdjdgxdiy dl gsz aggh elh hzdlndlb rexcz& elh rc `celrkdfc }zg`gxc jeixczdef zcydyxelic,Zgsxdlc acchdlb ga elxdjdgxdiy xg eldèfy dy jellch dl xkc Cszg}cel Sldgl elh èlt gxkcz

dlhsyxzdefdch igslxzdcy, @etjc xkct nlgr yg`cxkdlb rc hgl"x, Dlhdyizd`dlexc syc ga elxdjdgxdiy dl ebzdisfxszc elh qcxczdlezt }zeixdic? Xkc lgl-xkcze}csxdi syc

ga elxdjdgxdiy dl fdqcyxgin }zghsixdgl èncy s} ex fceyx 1= }cziclx ga xkc xgxef elxd`dizgjdef

}zghsixdgl dl xkc Sldxch Yxexcy, Dzzcy}glydjfc syc ga elxdjdgxdiy dl aez` eldèfy iel fceh xg xkc

hcqcfg}`clx ga zcydyxelic dl jeixczde eyygidexch rdxk xkc eldèf gz rdxk }cg}fc rkg cex xkc

eldèf, Ysik zcydyxelic iel xkcl jc }eyych gl xg ksèl }exkgbcly jt `cikeldy`y ga KBX, Ga èogz igliczl dy xkc syc ga elxdjdgxdiy ey acch ehhdxdqcy bdqcl xg aez` eldèfy xg }zg`gxc

eldèf bzgrxk elh xg }zcqclx dlacixdgly +zexkcz xkel iszc dlacixdgly$, Xkc syc ga el elxdjdgxdi dl

xkdy ret iglxzdjsxcy xg xkc c`czbclic ga elxdjdgxdi-zcydyxelx }exkgbcly elh zchsicy xkccaacixdqclcyy ga xkc elxdjdgxdi xg ig`jex ksèl dlacixdgly, Elxdjdgxdi zcydyxelic dl bclcxdiefft `ghdadch izg}y? Elxdjdgxdi-zcydyxelic bclcy ezc sych ey

*èznczy* dl bclcxdiefft `ghdadch izg}y, Xkc bclcy ezc dlyczxch dlxg xkc }felx dl cezft yxebcy ga

hcqcfg}`clx xg dl gzhcz xg hcxcix y}cidadi bclcy ga dlxczcyx, c,b, kczjdidhc-zcydyxelx bclcy gz

dlycixdidhef xg{dl bclcy, Xkc elxdjdgxdi-zcydyxelic bclcy keqc lg aszxkcz zgfc xg }fet& jsx xkct ezc

lgx zc`gqch azg` xkc adlef }zghsix, Xkdy }zeixdic key `cx rdxk izdxdidy` jciesyc ga xkc }gxclxdef

xkex xkc elxdjdgxdi-zcydyxelic bclcy igsfh jc eiusdzch jt `dizgjcy dl xkc clqdzgl`clx, Dl yg`c

ieycy xkcyc èzncz bclcy iglacz zcydyxelic xg azglx-fdlc elxdjdgxdiy ysik ey xkc jcxe-feixe`y elh

e`dlgbftigydhcy, Dle}}zg}zdexc

syc

ga

elxdjdgxdiy

dl

xkc

`chdief

clqdzgl`clx? Glc }zgjfc` dy xkc ieysef syc ga

elxdjdgxdiy dl `chdief ydxsexdgly rkczc xkct ezc ga lg qefsc, Xkdy dy xkc aesfx ga jgxk kcefxk iezc

rgznczy elh }exdclxy, ]zcyizdjczy yg`cxd`cy xkgsbkxfcyyft }zcyizdjc "dlagz`ch" hcèlhdlb

}exdclxy rdxk elxdjdgxdiy, Xkdy fcehy xg syc ga elxdjdgxdiy dl idzis`yxelicy rkczc xkct ezc ga lgx

lcchch& c,b, qdzef s}}cz zcy}dzexgzt dlacixdgly ysik ey igfh elh afs& c{ic}x rkcl xkczc dy yczdgsy

xkzcex ga yciglhezt jeixczdef dlacixdgl, Elgxkcz }zgjfc` dy }exdclx aedfszc xg ehkczc xg zcbd`cly

agz }zcyizdjch elxdjdgxdiy,

h, Yeacxt eyycyy`clx ga elxdjdgxdi zcydyxelic dl B@ izg}y? Xkc yeacxt eyycyy`clx ga izg}y iglxedldlb elxdjdgxdi zcydyxelic èznczy key jccl xkgzgsbkft

zcqdcrch jt c{}czxy azg` dlxczlexdglefft zcigbldych yidclxdadi jghdcy elh yidclxdadi ig``dxxccy dl

xkc Cszg}cel Sldgl elh bgqczl`clxef c{}czxy azg` Ielehe& Oe}el& Yrdxczfelh elh xkc SldxchYxexcy e`glb gxkcz igslxzdcy, Xkc c{}czxy cqefsexch xkc yeacxt ga izg}y iglxedldlb xkc l}xDD

èzncz bclc iglaczzdlb zcydyxelic xg xkc elxdjdgxdiy nele`tidl elh lcg`tidl& xkc eeh bclc

iglaczzdlb zcydyxelic xg yxzc}xg`tidl elh y}cixdlg`tidl elh xkc jfe bclc iglaczzdlb zcydyxelic xg

e`}didffdl, Xkct iglifshch xkex xkc zdyn ga bclc xzelyacz azg` xzelybcldi izg}y iglxedldlb xkcyc

bclcy xg xkc `dizgjdef }g}sfexdgl dy lcbfdbdjfc elh& da dx rczc xg giisz& xkczc rgsfh jc lg d`}eix

gl xkc }zcyclx kdbk azcusclit ga giiszzclic ga elxdjdgxdi zcydyxelic dl `dizgjdef }g}sfexdgly, Xkc

Cszg}cel Ig``dyydgl Yidclxdadi Ig``dxxcc gl ]felxy }zgqdhch el g}dldgl gl xkc yeacxt ga e Jx

dlycix}zgxcixch èdc }zghsix iglxedldlb xkc l}xDD bclc,



]ebc 5= Xkcdz iglifsydgly ezc jeych gl xkc agffgrdlb gjyczqexdgly?

• Xkc elxdjdgxdi zcydyxelic èznczy sych dl }felx jdgxciklgfgbt rczc gjxedlch azg`

lexszefft giiszzdlb jeixczde, Xkc l}xDD bclc dl }ezxdisfez rey dygfexch azg` jeixczde dl xkc

ksèl bsx, Xkc èznczy dl e}}zgqch }zghsixy ezc efzceht rdhcy}zceh jciesyc caacixdqc

lexszef xzelyacz `cikeldy`y c{dyx xg yksxxfc xkc bclcy hdzcixft jcxrccl jeixczdef icffy, Xkdy

}zgicyy iglaczy ehqelxebcy xg jeixczde, Yg`c `dizgjdef }g}sfexdgly iel kclic eix ey

zcyczqgdzy agz iczxedl elxdjdgxdi zcydyxelic bclcy xkex xkcl ezc ze}dhft y}zceh dl zcy}glyc xg

ycfcixdqc }zcyyszcy,• Xkc elxdjdgxdiy dleixdqexch jt l}xDD& nele`tidl elh lcg`tidl ezc zezcft sych dl ksèl

xkcze}t ydlic xkct keqc jccl zc}feich jt fcyy xg{di elxdjdgxdiy rdxk bzcexcz caadieit,

• Xkczc dy lg nlgrl `cikeldy` agz xkc xzelyacz ga bclcy azg` }felx icffy xg jeixczde, Bclc

xzelyacz xg ygdf `dizg-gzbeldy`y igsfh dl xkcgzt giisz dl adcfhy rkczc B@ izg}y ezc

isfxdqexch,

• Xkc zexc ga HLE xzelyacz jcxrccl jeixczde slhcz g}xdèf iglhdxdgly dl lexszc dy dl xkc

zelbc ga 5=-:

xg 5=-3

, Xkc cyxdèxch azcusclit ga s}xenc ga xkc l}xDD bclc èzncz azg`

xzelybcldi }felxy xg jeixczde slhcz g}xdèf iglhdxdgly dy 5=-52

elh xksy iglydhczch xg jc

dlydbldadielxft yèff,

• Elxdjdgxdi zcydyxelic èznczy glft iglacz zcydyxelic ebedlyx y}cidadi elxdjdgxdiy, Elxdjdgxdi

zcydyxelic èznczy hg lgx zcysfx dl elxdjdgxdi }zghsixdgl, Xkczc ezc xkczcagzc lg elxdjdgxdiy

}zcyclx dl aggh }zghsich azg` }felxy }zghsich sydlb jdgxciklgfgbt,

Kgrcqcz& efxczlexdqc èznczy elh èzncz zc`gqef ytyxc`y ezc jcdlb dlqcyxdbexch dl zcy}glyc xg

}sjfdi igliczly elh xg c{}elh xkc ls`jcz ga xggfy eqedfejfc dl }felx `gfcisfez jdgfgbt,

9, Iglifsydgl

Gqcz 5=== B@Gy elh xkcdz }zghsixy keqc jccl xcyxch dl adcfh xzdefy gz dlhsyxzdef e}}fdiexdgly&

sfxdèxcft adlhdlb xkc`ycfqcy dl lexszef yszzgslhdlby, Iglydhczdlb xkc dlizceydlb ls`jcz ga

dlxczlexdglef B@G zcfceycy hczdqch azg` xzelybcldiy& dx dy d`}gzxelx lgx xg dblgzc xkc dyyscy

zcfexch xg zdyn, Yg& agz xkdy zceygl& xkc }zgbzcyy ga B@G syc elh xciklgfgbt key efrety jccl& elh

yxdff dy& eiig`}eldch jt dlxczcyxdlb elh iglxzgqczydef hdyisyydgly, Xkc ebzdisfxszef jdgxciklgfgbt

hcjexc key ehhzcyych xkc }zeixdic ga xciklgfgbt elh iglxedl`clx& xkex dy& kgr xg }zcqclx xkceiidhclxef zcfceyc ga B@Gy dlxg xkc clqdzgl`clx,



Zcaczclicy?

• Yezeh ]ezcnk Z,? Xkc B@G Kelhjggn Bclcxdiefft @ghdadch Eld`efy& @dizgjcy& elh

]felxy dl Jdgxciklgfgbt,

• Elxdjdgxdi Zcydyxelic @eznczy dl Bclcxdiefft @ghdadch +B@$ Izg}y +]sjfdiexdgl$,

• kxx}?''xc{xjggngajeixczdgfgbt,lcx'xkc`dizgjdefrgzfh'kg`c}ebc,kx`f

• kxx}?''rrr,dibcj,gzb'|jyeacyzq'dlhc{,kx`f• kxx}?''rrr,eixdgljdgyidclic,gzb

gmos: risk for human and animal helth

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