CHILDCARE FROM A GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE

ONTARIO COMAPARED WITH ENGLAND

Group Members: Sean Bontoft Maggie Samaroo Rasheda Sultani Jessica Tang Simeng Yang Gail Letcher

Philosophical Views of Early Childhood Education

ENGLAND England’s

Traditional Early Childhood Education Philosophy:

Child Centered Individualism Free play

ONTARIO Ontario’s Early

Childhood Education Philosophy:

High Quality Play

High Scope Developmentall

y Appropriate Practice

ENGLAND Developmentalis

m: Perspective of

Adult Educator Current

Philosophy: Reform Act

ONTARIO Reggio Emilia

Approach Montessori Current

Philosophy: Emergent

Curriculum

HISTORY

In 18 Century…

Early Childhood Care and Education for young children began to emerge in England.

Entering into 19 Century….

1816, the first nursery school was established in Scotland for the children of cotton mill workers.

Until 1880, the elementary education became compulsory for all the children between the ages from 5 to 13.

In 1857, A group of wealthy women started the first English crèche: Public Nursery in Toronto.

1883, Toronto set up the first Canadian public school kindergarten program.

• England • Ontario

20 Century …

In 1905, 5 inspectors suggested that different facilities and teaching approaches should be applied for the children under 5 years old. Since then, children under 5 were excluded from elementary schools.

In 1911, The first time to use the term of “Nursery School” was the establishment of an open-air nursery school by McMillian Sisters.

Depression Era, the institute of Child Study was founded, St. George Nursery School was opened.

At the end of the World War II, there were 28 preschool centers and 42 school aged centers in Ontario.

In 1950, there was obvious growth in cooperative nursery school.

• England • Ontario

Still in 20 Century…..

By the 1960s, a new type preschool provision appeared: Playgroups. With the growth of awareness that playing is important.

In 1972, the suggestion that nursery school should be expanded did not adopted due to the economic recession.

The no statutory preschool provision was neglected and undeveloped .

At the same time, there was increasing in the number of childcare centers.

Universal Childcare Services was advocated by childcare.

Better Childcare was established by Ontario coalition.

• England • Ontario

Recent Development….

The importance of quality childcare was stressed.

In 1996, early childhood education had become an issue on the national policy agenda since the conservative government introduced the first stage of a nursery voucher scheme.

1997, the labor government abolished the scheme and made new plans for the development of early years services.

In 2005, 51 Best Start Networks are established to plan and implement early childhood programs at the local level.

• England • Ontario

TYPES OF CHILDCARE

 TYPES OF CHILDCARE SYSTEMS IN ONTARIO

COMPARED WITH ENGLAND

England Staff

High Scope Staff

Theme-Based Staff/employee

Emergent Staff

Montessori Teacher

Nursery Schools Staff

Ontario Staff

1 High ScopeECE

2 Theme-Based ECE

3 Emergent ECE

4 Montessori ECE

5 Nursery Schools ECE

 TYPES OF CHILDCARE SYSTEMS IN ONTARIO

COMPARED WITH ENGLAND

OntarioStaff

6 Day Nurseries/ ECENursery School/Play School/Play Group

7 Child-minders ECE

8 Crèches ECE

9 Nannies/Child-minders

10 Babysitters

EnglandStaff

Day Nurseries/ ECENursery School/Play School/Play Group

Child-minders

CrèchesECE

Nannies/Child-minders

Babysitters

Ontario England

National curriculum - National curriculum- Theme- based – moving towards Theme- based /Emergent Emergent curriculum curriculums.  Child-minder seen as daycare - Child-minder –

professional Trained as ECE Register with NCMA

(National Child-minders Association)

Child-minders - No Child-minders – Annual Registration fee Registration fee – 103 pounds

Breaking law if working and

not registered

Ontario England

Early Childhood Educator – Professional –Register with College for Early Childhood Educators (CECE) – Annual Fee $150.00 CDN.  Babysitters - care for Babysitters – care for Children all day children up to 2 hours No registration No registration  No best curriculum Use which ever works for the child/family/facility 

Roles of an Early Childhood Educator

Ontario and England

INFANT AND TODDLER Become a partner for children and parents To make sure the child is safe and meets

all the learning standards To help the child learn new materials Make sure the child is safe within a

learning environment Provide a active learning environment Make learning fun to keep the children’s

attention

Ontario and England

PRESCHOOL Create new challenges for children Make sure that they have a solid foundation Make sure children have a understanding Make learning fun and interesting to keep

child’s interest at best Prepare the child or children for transition

to School age Develop a parent – teacher – child

relationship

Ontario and England

SCHOOL AGE Montessori school is to observe in order to

connect the child with the suitable materials  based on children’s interests and learning

needs Prepare children for young child role Have a understanding of their learning level Create a parent – child – teacher interactive

relationship Keep child informed and up to date

ACCESSIBILITY

Definition of Accessibility is: easily approachable and available.

AVAILABLITY

Definition of Availability is: readily obtainable.

Where?

Ontario England

Resident of Ontario

Resident of England

Ontario The Ontario Child

Care Supplement Eligibility The Ontario Child

Benefit Financial

assistance Ontario Early

Years Centres

Child maintenance and benefits

Flexible working Getting help from

your employer

EnglandWHAT?

When?

Ontario England Ontario Child Care

supplement - since 1998

Ontario Child Care Benefit since 2007

Child maintenance and benefits - Since October 2008

Since April 2010 - paid directly to the caregiver

Who?

Ontario England

Receive the federal Canada Child Tax Benefit

Have appropriate income level

Not receiving fully subsidized daycare

All three and four year olds are entitled to 15 hours of free nursery education for 38 weeks of the year.

Flexible working pattern if child under 6 or disabled child under 18

Flexible have worked for you employer for at least 26 weeks

Why?

Ontario England Ontario Child Care

Supplement for Working Families – is to help with the cost of raising children under the age of 7

Parenting and Family Literacy Centres to provide support and resources for families with children up to the age of 6

So that you’ll be able to take care of your children

Child maintenance and benefits

Conclusion...

There are about 4,600 licensed childcare centres and about 140 licensed private home care agencies in Ontario

There are about 3,600 Sure Start childcare centres in England

THE END