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GeographicInformationSysteminDisasterManagement

DR.Xin ZHANG

ChiefGISConsultant/ScientistSuperMapSoftwareCo,.LTD

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SnowDisaster

in

Southern

China

in

2008

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Wenchuan Earthquakein

2008

May12,magnitude8.0,69227killed,374643injured,17923lost

May12

is

now

Disaster

Prevention

and

Reduction

Day

for

China

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Yushu Earthquakein2010

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Zhouqu Mudslidein

2010

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FrequentExtreme

Weather

6

Heavy rain, wind,

lighting, snow,

high-temperature

Disasters

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ProblemstoSolveinDisasterManagement

Disaster

What?(General)

Where?(Spatial)

When?(Time)

How? Why?

Where + How Geographic position, distribution, impact Measures

Theoccurrence,development,andimpactofdisasterspossessspatialcharacteristics

Thecommandanddispatch,disasterrelief,sitesearchindisasterrapidresponseare

carriedoutwithinacertainspatialextent

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Agenda

WhatisGeographicInformationSystem(GIS)

WhatreGISBenefitsinDisasterManagement

GISApplicationCasesinNaturalDisasters

NewTrend

Mobile

GIS

in

Disasters

and

Case

Study

HowtoConstructaGISApplicationforDisasters

1

2

3

4

5

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Progress




NewTrend

Mobile

GIS

in

Disasters

and

Case

Study


1

2

3

4

5

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1.WhatisGeographicInformation

System(GIS)

ConceptsofGIS

GeographicalExpression

InformationDecisionMaking

System

GISFunctions

GISApplications

Network/HardwareinGIS

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ConceptsofGeographicInformation

System

G Geographical

Expression

I InformationDecision

S System

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Manyoftheissuesinourworldhaveacritical

spatial

component.

G

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Geographical

Expression

Method

Therelationship

of

differenttypesof

informationcanbe

depictedononedigital

mapthrough

the

overlay

oflayers

Reality

LayersDatasets Visualization

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Method

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Geographical

Expression

Method

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Information

Decision

MapisONLYthecarrier,butnotGISitself.

SomeDecisionexamplesInformation

Whereisthenearestgasstation?

Whichrouteisbetterforthereliefsupplies transportation?

Whichplaceissuitableforanewsupermarket?

GISisbeyondaMapGISDefinition

GISis thetechnologythatusesmaptopresent,manage,statistics,andanalyzeusersinformation.

I

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System Applicationsusedinvariousindustries

GIS

Platform:

ARCGIS,

SuperMap

GIS,

MapInfo,

OpenSource,

S

Client/ServerGISBrowser/Server

System

MobileGIS

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SystemConceptsofGIS

GeographicExpression


System

GISFunctions

GISApplications


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GIS

Functions SpatialDataManagement

Display

Query

Modify

Add,

edit,

and

delete

spatial

features SpatialAnalysis

Bufferanalysis,overlayanalysis,networkanalysis,

raster

analysis Output

Mappingandlayout,mapoutput

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SpatialData

Management

BasicGeographicInformationData

Massivedata,

requires

high

efficiency

DisasterBusinessData

Spatialcharacteristicsofdistribution,dynamic,realtime,multisource,multidimension,

complicatedmanagement

Managebasedonspatialdataframework,i.e.,griddedmanagement

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How

to

get

GIS

data?

21

SatelliteNavigation

RS

SURVEY

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LandMap

Display

ThemeteorologicaldroughtmonitoringmapRadardatadisplay

Realtimemonitoringanddisplayofsoundingsdata

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Load3DTerrainandImage

3D

Display

LoadVectorDataLoad2DMapLoadKMLdataLoadmodelofBirdsNest3DPipelines

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GraphMap

ThematicMapping

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SpatialAnalysis

HydrologyAnalysisSlopeandAspectBufferAnalysisNetworkAnalysis3DVisibilityAnalysis

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MappingandOutput

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SystemConceptsofGIS



System

GISFunctions

GIS

Applications


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GIS

used

in

Various

Industries

EGovernment

Land

Education

Transportation

Agriculture

Forest Meteorological

Tourist

Environment

Planning

Ocean Statistics

RealEstate

Enterprise

BI/CRM

Oil

Gas

WireTV

Tap

Water Civilaviation

Telecom

Electricity

Bank

Insurance

Military

MilitaryCommand

IndividualCombatterminal

Public

Service

LocationBasedService

Informationsharing

Navigation

Monitoring

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GIS

used

in

Various

Industries

NationalStatistics&CensusGISOceanDynamicMonitoringSystem

Surfacewatermonitoringinformation

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SystemConceptsofGIS



System

GISFunctions

GIS

Applications

Network/Hardware inGIS

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Network/Hardware

in

GIS Switch/Router/Firewall/Server/PC

Wireless

Network/Internet/

Intranet

GPRS/CDMA/TD/WIFI/

Ethernet

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Progress




New

Trend

Mobile

GIS

in

Disasters

and

Case

Study


1

2

3

4

5

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GIS

Benefits

in

Disaster

Management

Mitigation/Prevention

Meteorological

Water

Earthquake

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Disasterresponseandemergencyrescue

Commandanddispatch

Disasterinformationdisplayandrealtime

publishing

Disasterassessment

Postdisasterreconstructionplanning

Disastermonitoring&earlywarning

Disastersimulation

Disasterriskidentificationandpriorityassessment

Disasterplan management

Planexercise

and

visualization

GISBenefitsinDisasterManagement

2Preparedness

3

Disaster

Response

4

Recovery

1

Mitigation/

Prevention

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GIS

Benefits

in

Disaster

ManagementDisasterMitigation/Prevention

Disasterriskidentification,assessment,andpriority

Disasterplanmanagement

Planexerciseandvisualization

DisasterPreparedness


Disaster

simulation

DisasterResponse


Commandanddispatch

Disaster

information

display

and

real

time

publishing

RecoverafterDisaster

Disasterassessment


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DisasterRiskIdentificationandAssessment

Performquantitativeanalysisondisasterrisktogetthedisasterriskzoningmapbasedon

disasterrisk

assessment

model

1 Dangerofinducingfactors

(temperature,windstrength

andduration)

2 Environmentalsensitivity

(topography,altitude,water

system)

4 Disasterpreventionandreductioncapability

(percapitaGDP,floodcontrol

area)

3 Vulnerabilityofhazardbearingbody(Population

distribution,economic

development,property

density)

Factorsformeteorological

disasters

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DisasterRiskIdentificationandAssessment

Rainstormand

Flood

Disaster

Risk

Maps

Disaster factor dangerVulnerability of

disaster bearing body

Environmental

sensitivity Riskdivisions

(equalweight)

wrabilityductionCapdeventionanDisaster

wsearingBodyfDisasterBerabilityoVu

vitytalSensitiEnvironmenwh

erFactorDangskDisasterRi

)RePr10)(ln(

)()(

=

Disaster prevention and

reduction capability

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DisasterPlanManagement

Plandocsmanagement

Management

of

emergency

plans

Query/Add

Emergency

planEmergency

plan

management

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PlanExerciseandVisualization

Shifanyu reservoirplandemonstration

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DisasterMitigation/Prevention


Disasterplan

management




Disastersimulation

DisasterResponse


Commandand

dispatch

Disasterinformationdisplayandrealtimepublishing


Disasterassessment

Postdisaster

reconstruction

planning

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DisasterMonitoring&EarlyWarning

DataAcquisition

Collectmonitoringdata

Collectotherdata

Prediction

Selectdisasterpredictionmodel

Inputmonitoringdata

EarlyWarning

Extractunitsinwarningzone

Warningnotification

Generatewarningmap

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Meteorologicaldatadisplay&monitoring

Queryanddisplayrealtimedata,historicaldataand

basic

geospatial

data

Realtimemonitordatacomesfromobservationstations,regionalstations,radars,forecast,etc.

RainfallfromobservationstationsMeteorologicaldisastermonitoring

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Warningfunction

Ifthemeteorologicaldataexceedsthepresetthreshold,

system

will

show

warning

information

Generatewarningproducts

Forecastersuse

the

templates

of

meteorological

disasterwarning

Rainfallforecast

mapMeteorological

disaster

warning

product

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DisasterSimulation

SimulatethedisasterprocessusingGIS

Scene

Flood

Rain,snow,etc.

Routeof

typhoon

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Rainfallsimulation

DisasterSimulation

Typhoonsimulation

Floodsimulation

Typhoonsimulation

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Disasterplan

management




Disastersimulation

DisasterResponse


Commandand

dispatch

Disasterinformationdisplayandrealtimepublishing


Disasterassessment


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DisasterResponseandEmergencyRescue

SpatialanalysisanddataminingofGIS

Usespatialinformationtomakedecision,e.g.material

dispatching,

impacted

areas

and

people,

positioning.

Buffer analysisBuffer analysis

Path analysisPath analysis

Flood analysisFlood analysis

Diffusion analysisDiffusion analysis

Disaster Response and Emergency

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DisasterResponseandEmergency

Rescue

1

Preassessmentofthedisasterrange

2

Querysensitivepointsinthewarningarea,suchasgeologicaldisasterpoints,reservoirs,schools,etc.

3 Showthecommandunitsandtheirdutiesinthewarningarea

4 Drawrescuelinesandofferemergencyrouteplan

5 Analyzedisastermaterialsdispatching

6

Disaster Response and Emergency

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DisasterResponseandEmergency

Rescue

Social,economicandsensitivepointsinformationinthedisasterarea

QueryandmanagemembersManageandqueryemergencyplan

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CommandandDispatch

GPS

CDMA/GPRS

Realtime

positioning

Uniformdata

standards

RealtimepositioningmonitoringRealtimepositioningmonitoring

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DisasterInformationPublishing

Disasterdistributionmap

Disasterdamage

Reconstructionafterdisaster,includingschedule,plan,cost,etc.

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DisasterInformationPublishing

SARSepidemicpublishingbyMinistryofHealth

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Disaster

plan

management Planexerciseandvisualization



Disastersimulation

DisasterResponse


Command

and

dispatch Disasterinformationdisplayandrealtimepublishing


Disasterassessment

Postdisaster

reconstruction

planning

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DisasterAssessmentandReconstruction

DisasterAssessment

Assessdisaster

losses,

such

as

population,

collapsedbuildings,roads,crops,etc.

Assessthe

reconstruction

cost

in

accordancewithdisasterlosses

Reconstruction Plan,schedule,etc.

55

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DisasterAssessmentandReconstruction

SichuanStatisticsSystem ReconstructionSichuanStatisticsSystem ReconstructionSichuanStatisticsSystem Reconstruction

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Progress




NewTrend MobileGISinDisastersandCaseStudy


1

2

3

4

5

N t l Di t T

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NaturalDisasterTypes

Meteorologicaldisasters

Typhoon,rainandsnow,ice,sandandduststorm

Geologicaldisasters

Earthquake,volcano,landslide,debrisflow

Floodand

Drought

disasters

MarineDisasters

Tsunami,storm

surge

ForestandGrasslandFire

C St d

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CaseStudy

MeteorologicalBureauofJiangsuProvince:

Meteorologicaldisasterwarningandemergencydecisionmakingsystem

SystemTarget

Monitorandwarndisasters,e.g.,rainstorm,typhoon,snowstorm,lowtemperature,hightemperature,fog,etc.

Forecast,serviceproductpublishingandwarninginformation

publishingvia

Internet

Autogenerateplansofthedisasteremergencyanddecisionmakingcommand

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DataFoundation

Liveandhistoricaldatacoversautostations,radars,satellites,WS,typhoon,snow,

geologicaldisaster,

etc.

NETCDF data

S t A hit t D i

60

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SystemArchitectureDesign

SystemDevelopmentStructure

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y p

Service product

publishing

Forecast and

warning

generation

Decision-

making

management

Service

product

generation and

management

Emergency

commandSystem

management

Real-time data

displaying

System Functions

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SystemFunctions

Real-time monitoring

Forecast and warning generation

Service product generation and

management

Emergency command

Meteorological disasterwarning and

emergency decision-

making system Decision-making management

System management

3D

emergency

respondcommand

system

3D

emergency

respondcommand

system

Disaster

warning

Disaster

warning

Real-time data displaying

Service product publishing

Data interpreted service

Workflow

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Workflow

Functions Displaying

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FunctionsDisplaying

Realtimemonitoringsystem 1hrainfallmonitoringMakesymbols

Makeproduct

Makeforecast

map

Productpublishing Shortmessagepublishing

3DMeteorological

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Realtime

1h

rainfall

EmergencyRespond

&

Command

Realtimedatadisplay

RadarsRealtimetemperature

Realtimevisibility TyphoonpathSatellite

3DMeteorological

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EmergencyRespond

&

Command

Emergencyrespondandcommand

Decisionmakingmanagement

Rainstormpre

assessmentDraw

rescue

routeDraw

Escape

Route

Progress

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Progress



GISApplication

Cases

in

Natural

Disasters



1

2

3

4

5

Mobile GIS Features

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MobileGIS Features

1

IntegratedwithGIS,GPSandmobilecommunication(GSM/GPRS/CDMA)

2 SpatialdatamanagementandspatialanalysiswithGIS

3 Positioning

and

tracking

with

GPS

4

DataacquisitionwithPDA

5

Transmitdataofimages,textandaudioswithmobilecommunicationtechnology

Mobile GIS Features

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MobileGIS Features

Beidou satellites,GPS

satellites

Cluster

Communication

CDMA/GPRS

Realtime

Positioning

Commandcenter

AdvantagesofMobileGISinDisaster

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ManagementSupportmultiplemobileterminals(PDA,cellphones,laptops)

Realtimeservices(Navigationdevicessupported)

Supportmultiple

types

of

data

acquisition

Points,linesandregionsbyPDA,images,videos,audios,test,positioningservices

CommunicationTransmissionin

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MobileGIS

MobileGISneedscommunicationdevicesandtechnologies

Case Study

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CaseStudy

National DisasterAlleviation Center:

DisasterMobileInformationServiceSystem

SystemTarget

Taskdispatching,disasterdatacollectionfrommultisources,disasterdatasubmitting,

SystemArchitecture

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y

SystemDivision

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y

DisasterMobileInformationServiceSystem

Mo

bile

Backgroundservicesystem(Nationaldisastermobileplatform)

S

erver

Geographicdata

Taskdata

Fielddata

Reportdata

Metadata

D

atabase

SubmitDispatching

SystemWorkflow

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y

Background

Field

Createfieldtask

9 Customlist9 Customlayer9 Workgroup

Loadfieldtask

9 Downloadtask9 Deploytask

Fieldwork

9 Collectdisasterlist9 Photos,videos9 Drawdisasterarea9 Submitdata

Monitorfieldwork

9Processofdisastercollection

9 Travelpathtracking

Exportdata

NetworkStructure

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Intranet

PublicNetwork

Wireless

network

DatabaseDataprocessing

Backgroundservicesystem Mobileterminalsystem

HardwareDeployment

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GPRS/3G

Servers in Disaster Center

Internet

Router

Firewall

Users

Gateway

App. Server 1

Disk array

Geographicdatabase serverDB Server

Portable

terminal

system

App. Server 2

Dataprocess

tool

Background

server

system

Background

server

system

SystemInterface

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DisasterSearchandRescueWorkDynamicTracking(web&phone)

NaturalDisasters

Mobil

Information

System

SystemApplication Zhouqu DebrisFlow

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Site Assessment of Giant Flash Flood and Debris Flow Disasterin Zhouqu County, Gansu Province

Fielddisaster

assessment

ThefieldworkgroupuseDisasterMobileServiceSystem to

investigatethedisasterarea(about2.09 km),andcollect

disasterlossesdata(212).

Thissystem

greatly

improves

the

disaster

assessment.

EarthquakeEvaluationforYushu

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Progress

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GISApplication

Cases

in

Natural

Disasters



1

2

3

4

5

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DISCUSSION

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ThankYou

SuperMapIBD

gis in dm

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