geotechnical engineering in offshore wind · geotechnical engineering in offshore wind - how can we...
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Geotechnical Engineering in Offshore Wind - how can we contribute to lowering the cost of electricity?
DGF Seminar, Gentofte, 1st April 2014
1
Safety first Emergency exits
Muster points
First aid kits
− Reception
− Service point
− Coffee break
stations
In case of fire alarm
− Leave the building
− Do not use lift
− Go to muster points
− Wait for
instructions
11:30 - 12:00 Arriving and getting settled (Sandwiches are served)
12:00 - 12:15 Welcome to DGF seminar Session lead: Morten Albjerg Liingaard (DGF)
• Offshore Wind and Challenges ahead Tove Feld (Vice President, DONG Energy)
12:15 - 13:15 Session 1: Site Investigation Session lead: Michael Sienko (Rambøll)
• Geotechnical site investigations Jens Brink Clausen (GEO)
• Geotechnics moving forward Joek Peuchen (Fugro Engineers B.V.)
• Cable trenching engineering David Cathie (Cathie Associates)
Discussion: Cost-effective site investigations in the future?
13:15 - 15:00 Session 2: Site Assessment and Input to Design Session lead: Niels Mortensen (NMGeo)
• Deriving characteristic soil parameters Kristine Lee Kaufmann (Rambøll)
• Influence of max/min dry density measurements on density index of laboratory testing sand
samples
Lone Krogh (DONG Energy)
• Probabilistic approach to determining soil parameters Lars Andersen (AAU)
• From a certification perspective Liv Hamre (DNV GL)
• Impact of soil-structure interaction on turbine loading Niels Jacob Tarp-Johansen (DONG Energy)
Discussion: How can we improve site assessment and input for design?
15:00 - 15:30 Coffee Break
15:30 - 17:30 Session 3: Geotechnical Design Session lead: Ole Hededal (COWI)
• New directions in offshore axial pile design Richard Jardine (Imperial College)
• Future monopile design: where is the PISA project taking us? Alastair Muir Wood (DONG Energy)
• Jackets on Wikinger Anders Augustesen (COWI)
• Potential of screw piles in offshore wind Guy Houlsby (Oxford University)
Discussion: Can new concepts and/or improvement of state-of-the-art design methods reduce CoE?
17:30 - 19:00 Session 4: Installation Session lead: Anders T. S. Andersen (Aarsleff)
• Installation of suction caissons for OWT's Tor Inge Tjelta (Statoil)
• Driveability assessment of large monopiles Per Grud (CP Test)
• Vibro-driving monopiles - a feasible installation concept for the future? Christian LeBlanc Thilsted (DONG Energy)
Discussion: Installation in the future?
19:00 - 19:15 Seminar closure
19:15 - 21:00 Dinner and net-working
Geotechnical Engineering in Offshore Wind 1st April 2014, Gentofte
Copenhagen, Tove Feld, 1 April 2014
Offshore Wind and Challenges ahead Presentation at Danish Geotechnical Society Seminar
25 years of experience DONG Energy has build 40% of all offshore wind farms in operation
Current Offshore wind farms
under construction:
WODS (UK)
BRK 1 (DE)
incl. suction bucket jacket (demo)
WMR (UK)
GOW 1+2 (DE)
Wind Power 2020 Strategy
Key objectives
Decrease lost time injury frequency to a level below
<1.5 by 2020
Reduce Cost-of-Electricity by 40% below €100/MWh2
by 2020 (£85/MWh)
Generate ROCE of 12-14% by 2020, 6-8 % by 2016
Increase installed gross capacity from 1.71 GW to 6.5
GW by 2020
1. 1.7GW YE2012; 2.1GW September 2013
2. UK market – 2020 FID
5 key challenges for the offshore wind industry
Offshore wind industry is maturing but growth is dependent on supply chain development (scale, quality, cost)
3
Offshore wind is not competitive with other
energy technologies 1
Sites move further from shore and on
deeper water 2
4
5 No offshore wind industry HSE standards exist
Utilities are struggling to secure funding of future projects
Offshore wind industry needs to reduce LCoE while delivering projects
further from shore and on deeper water
Offshore wind is not competitive with other energy technologies
Lifetime unit cost per MWh
PV Solar 2020 Coal CCGT Onshore Biomass Offshore
• Offshore wind is more expensive than other
commercial power generating technologies
• The cost of electricity need to be reduced
in order for offshore wind to become
competitive and long-term sustainable
Sites move further from shore and on deeper water
• UK Round 3 sites are far from shore
• German sites are on deeper water
• No technically and commercially proven
deep water foundation concepts
• Supply of far-from-shore transmission
solutions is heavily constrained
Depth
Distance to shore
DONG Energy expects to reduce cost of electricity for offshore wind power significantly towards 2020
160
<100
CoE targets
2020
Offtake price
(UK) 2012
LCoE below 100 €/MWh for offshore wind power
€/MWh*
Walney offshore wind farm
CoE target is:
• expected below 100 €/MWh for investment decisions in 2020
• based on a UK scope (i.e. including substations and offshore power cables)
• a present value measure of average cost per MWh for investment and operations
CoE target requires:
• governments to ensure transparent planning, consenting and support regimes to ensure investment
certainty
• continuous build-out rates and project flow, to secure:
• maturation of supply chain
• technical innovation and investments
* Offtake price today is the average power price incl. ROCs and LECS received for UK-site Walney 2 in 2012.
National grid owner scope
National grid owner scope
National grid owner scope
Transmission grid Onshore substation Export Cable Offshore Substation Array Cables Turbines
DONG Energy Scope in Germany
DONG Energy scope in Denmark
Potential
HVDC station
DONG Energy scope in The United Kingdom
10
Cost of electricity target includes investments until onshore transmission grid
Over view of assets included in cost of electricity
100 €/MWh for DONG Energy scope in The United Kingdom Target
considered for
country scope
Standardisation will drive down cost and improve safety & quality
11
Cost
Safety
• Repeat effects
• Volume & Scale effects
Quality
Standardisation:
Other industries have achieved great benefits from standardisation and modularisation
Examples: Industrial track records
20-30% improvement in value through
• 10-15% in direct cost savings on
platform (e.g., procurement, engineering)
• 5-10% in overrun reduction on projects
• 5-10% via early delivery due to reduction
in cycle time
• 1990 - start of the standardization
• Platform concept developed - 75%
commonality between models on same
platform
• Average 5% cost reduction every year
Standardised, repeatable plant concept
introduced in 1990's
Cost of electricity reduced by 25-35%
Throughput for commissioning of plant
reduced to 28 months from 40 months
Combined Cycle Gas Power Plant Oil & Gas
Automotive
Onshore substation Export cables Array cables Foundations Offshore substation
Limited production
capacities,
manufacturers
reluctant to invest in
new production
Long lead times
Few financially strong
suppliers
Long design lead
times
High price of HVDC
transmission; early
financial commitment
required
No proven deep water
solution
Limited number of
experienced suppliers
able to deliver
sufficient volume and
quality
Constrained vessel
capacity
Limited number of
experienced and
financially strong
offshore WTG
suppliers
Installation vessels
for larger WTG to be
developed
Limited supplier base
for selected electrical
components
Construction delays
Cable suppliers may
favour export cable
market which offer
higher margin
High risk; financially
weak suppliers
Low supply chain constraints
High supply chain constraints
Turbines
DONG Energy is committed to further maturing the supply chain
13
Geotechnical Engineering plays an important part in reducing CoE
Several of the largest risks during project development is related to soil
conditions
Geotech and Geophys campaigns constitutes the single highest development
costs in the early phases
Foundation concepts are dependent on the soil conditions
Foundation cost are largely driven by geotechnical conditions and calculations
14
The Industry need to be successful: Joint Targets and responsibility
As marked leader Dong Energy is committed to driving the CoE agenda
Cost reductions require volume and scale, we need the industry to be successful
=> joint targets on maturing industry and reducing costs
As geotechnical society you need to understand and master project risk
mitigation and cost effective designs
The industry need to work together on R&D and industry standardisation
Openness to knowledge sharing within industry (todays seminar)
15
Thank you for your attention –
hope you enjoy todays seminar
11:30 - 12:00 Arriving and getting settled (Sandwiches are served)
12:00 - 12:15 Welcome to DGF seminar Session lead: Morten Albjerg Liingaard (DGF)
• Offshore Wind and Challenges ahead Tove Feld (Vice President, DONG Energy)
12:15 - 13:15 Session 1: Site Investigation Session lead: Michael Sienko (Rambøll)
• Geotechnical site investigations Jens Brink Clausen (GEO)
• Geotechnics moving forward Joek Peuchen (Fugro Engineers B.V.)
• Cable trenching engineering David Cathie (Cathie Associates)
Discussion: Cost-effective site investigations in the future?
13:15 - 15:00 Session 2: Site Assessment and Input to Design Session lead: Niels Mortensen (NMGeo)
• Deriving characteristic soil parameters Kristine Lee Kaufmann (Rambøll)
• Influence of max/min dry density measurements on density index of laboratory testing sand
samples
Lone Krogh (DONG Energy)
• Probabilistic approach to determining soil parameters Lars Andersen (AAU)
• From a certification perspective Liv Hamre (DNV GL)
• Impact of soil-structure interaction on turbine loading Niels Jacob Tarp-Johansen (DONG Energy)
Discussion: How can we improve site assessment and input for design?
15:00 - 15:30 Coffee Break
15:30 - 17:30 Session 3: Geotechnical Design Session lead: Ole Hededal (COWI)
• New directions in offshore axial pile design Richard Jardine (Imperial College)
• Future monopile design: where is the PISA project taking us? Alastair Muir Wood (DONG Energy)
• Jackets on Wikinger Anders Augustesen (COWI)
• Potential of screw piles in offshore wind Guy Houlsby (Oxford University)
Discussion: Can new concepts and/or improvement of state-of-the-art design methods reduce CoE?
17:30 - 19:00 Session 4: Installation Session lead: Anders T. S. Andersen (Aarsleff)
• Installation of suction caissons for OWT's Tor Inge Tjelta (Statoil)
• Driveability assessment of large monopiles Per Grud (CP Test)
• Vibro-driving monopiles - a feasible installation concept for the future? Christian LeBlanc Thilsted (DONG Energy)
Discussion: Installation in the future?
19:00 - 19:15 Seminar closure
19:15 - 21:00 Dinner and net-working
Geotechnical Engineering in Offshore Wind 1st April 2014, Gentofte