Diseases of Digestive System

ByDr. Ali H. Sadiek

Prof. of Internal Veterinary Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Diagnosis

Dept. of Animal MedicineFaculty of Veterinary Medicine

Assiut University- Assiut, EGYPT

E-mail: Sadiek59@yahoo.com

Inflamm. of stomach m. membranes causing abnormal. motility, vomition, anorexia & abd. Pain

It may be acute or chronic. It may be assoc. w. enteritis.

Overfeeding causing Gast. dilatation. & gastritis.

Physical agent (Very Cold or very hot food).

Chemical agents (arsenic, lead, copper, mercury ).

Foreign bodies. Damaged, moldy, fermented feeds.

Causes of Gastritis

Causes of gastritis Bacterial agents (oral necro-bacillosis,

Hrgc entero-toxem., colli-bacillosis & salmonell. Leptosp. & hepatitis (dog)

Viral agents (RP, MD). Fungal (Moniliasis). Parasites in cattle (Trich., ostertagia,

hemonchus, paramphist.) In horse: Larvae of Habronema

megastomum.

Helicobacter

Signs of acute gastritis:1-Vomition: mucoid, bloody in chemical or posoin.

gastritis. Periodical in allergic enteritis of dog. Expulsive in decomposed food

gastritis.

2-Reduced appetite & Excess. thirst.

3-Rank smell breath.

Signs of gastritis:

4-Diarrhea may assoc. gastroent. or soft pasty feces.

5- Abdominal pain.

6-Dehydration and alkalosis, emaciat.

In Chronic gastritis Signs are Less severe with depraved

appetite. Sporadic vomiting.

Diagnosis of Gastritis History of over feeding or feeding abnormal

food.

Gastritis should be diff. from: Gast. dilatation, in which vomiting which is

more projectile. Esoph. Obst: vomitus is not acid or rancid. Intest. Obst.: Vomitus is alkaline and

containig bile acids.

Treatment of Gastritis

Gast. Sedatives: Kaolin, pectin- charcoal. Bismuth sub nitrate. Mg. hydroxide or Mg. carbonate.

Gast. Astringents: Mix. of Tannic acid and Catechu. Gentamycin / sulphaguandin

Treatment of Gastritis

Fluid and nutrition therapy: I.v. Ringer sol. (Na, K, Ca, Mg). Glutamic acid.

Anti-emitic (dog) Vit. B6 (5-60 g/ other day). or Diphenylhydramine Hcl

Evacuation of stomach in G. dilatation: laxative (Mineral oil)

Easily dig. Palatable food

Gastric UlcersUlceration of G. mucosa means removal of some parts of the protective m. m of the stomach.

It is charct. by signs of abdom. pain, anorexia, other GIT motility disturb. (diarrhea, constiptaion).

It may cause gastric bleeding and by turn emaciation and anemia.

Causes of Gastric Ulcers Traumatic causes.

Long feeding of corrosive or chemical substances.

Sequllae to chr. Vagus indigestion.

Untreated Gastritis

Long standing parasitic inf. (Gastrophilus, Habronema megastoma)

Other causes:

Stress of grain overfeeding.

Uremia.

Long standing Steroid therapy.

Hyperparathyroidism (25%).

Coexistent duodenal ulcer disease.

Signs of Gastric ulcer

Signs of abdomen. pain, anorexia, diarrhea or constipation.

Mucoid vomiting in dog, cat and may bloody (Hematemesis).

Severe hemorrhagic anemia.

Black, pasty, soft feces (Melana).

Emaciation, lassitude and death.

Bleeding Gastric ulcerBleeding Gastric ulcer

Diagnosis of G. UlcerHistory of abd. Pain, emesis or hematemesis.

Signs of anemia.

Leucocytosis and neutrophilia

Fecal analysis: Hemonchus, Gastrophillus, Habronema)

X- ray examination.

Endoscopy of gast. mucosa.

Gastric mucosa (G. Ulcer)Gastric mucosa (G. Ulcer)

Treatment of G. Ulcer.Prolonged use of protective and astringent drugs.

To stop bleeding inject Ca & Vit. K.

Inject hematincs or blood transfusion if necessary.

Easily digestible food or parentral feeding.

Surgical repair may be useful.

HealingMost gastric ulcers clear completely in 6-8 weeks.

With healing, ulcer ▼ in size and is more likely to appear linear

Radiating folds become more prominent and extend to crater.

Between 50-90% of healed gastric ulcers produce visible scars on Double Contrast study

Gastric ruptureOccurs in the great curvature of horse stomach due to sever g. dilatation.

Gastric rupture

Causes:

Severe impaction and indigestion.

Strongly spoiled and ferment. Food.

Complication of G. ulcer.

Sever attach of spasmodic colic.

Clinical findings.

Severe abdominal pain.

Followed by relief and vomition.

Profuse sweeting.

Dog sitting position.

Inclination of head

Hypothermia and death.

Abdominal pain

Abdominal pain