galucoma the most of important factor which cause rise of intraocular pressure is obstruction to the...
TRANSCRIPT
GalucomaThe most of important factor which cause rise of intraocular pressure is obstruction to the drainage of the aqueous humor
Infantile Glaucoma(Buphthalmos) Incidence :
i. Age : present since birth , symptoms may manifest within 1-3 years of life .
ii. Sex : Boys > Girls
iii. It’s usually bilateral
Symptoms :
1- Lacrimation
2- Photophobia
3- DV
4- enlargement of the cornea
Signs :
1- enlargement of the eyeball
2- corneal oedema
3- deep anterior chamber
4- Lens is flattened and displaced backward
5- Sclera becomes thin and bluish
Diagnosis :
1- Raised intraocular pressure
2- Measurement of corneal diameter
3- Fundus examination
4- Gonioscopy
Open Angle Glaucoma
Central Visual Field Defects
Peripheral Field Defects
Treatment
Surgical treatment ( Trabeculectomy )
Argon or Diode Laser Trabeculoplasty
Acute congestive glaucoma
Closed Angle Glaucomacondition which the intraocular tension is raised due to the narrow or closed angle of the anterior chamber .
Etiology -genetic base-
1- small eyes
2- anatomically narrow angle
3- shallow A/C
4- iris is pushed forward
Incidence
1- Age : 5th to 6th decade
2- Sex : Women more effected
3- Bilateral but one’s eye is evolved first
Symptoms :
1- sudden onset & intense unbearable pain
2- Severe headache , nausea , & vomiting
3- marked deminshition of vision
4- redness , lacrimation , & photophobia
Signs :
1- chemosis
2- cilliary congestion
3- Cornea is cloudy
4- A/C very shallow
5- iris discolored , Atrophic patches
6- pupil is dilated and vertically oval
7- Glaucoma flakens (Psudu xexophalations )
8- markedly raised intocular pressure
9- fundus examn – difficult to see ( no cupping )
10- Gonioscopy narrow angle of A/C
11- the other eye has shallow A/C and narrow angle
Treatment : initial treatment is always medical & after controlling of IOP surgical peripheral iridectomy or laser iridotomy .
Absolute Glaucomathe eye is completely blind with markedly increased IOP
Treatment :
1- trabeculectomy
2- Cyclodialysis
3- Cyclocryopexy
4- to relive pain by retro bulbar alcohol injection