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Gardening for Success Gardening in Colorado requires careful attention to seasonal variations, correct watering techniques and soil preparation. However, with 300 days of sunshine, disease problems are not as prevalent as in humid regions. Our semi-arid, mile-high altitude allows vegetables and flowers to mature quickly, with fruiting varieties, such as tomatoes, peppers and squash thriving in abundant light. For all gardeners, a little knowledge about basic gardening techniques and Colorado conditions can lead to a well managed, beautiful organic garden, with rich, productive soil and a diverse harvest. Know When to Plant The last spring frost is around May 15th, and the first fall frost is around October 5th. Cool season crops, which can be planted as soon as the soil can be prepared (usually late March) include: spinach, onion seeds and sets, asparagus crowns, cilantro, parsley, potatoes, radishes, leaf lettuces, peas, green onions, collards and mustard greens. A few weeks later (mid-late April), plant carrot seeds and transplants of cabbage, broccoli and cauliflower. Plant winter squash, pumpkins, corn, sweet basil, beans, cucumbers, and melons in the first week of May. Transplants of tomatoes are usually planted the second week in May, while heat-loving peppers and eggplants are best planted the third week in May. Peas can be replanted the end of July for a fall crop. Spinach, lettuce and radishes can be replanted in mid-August for a fall crop. See individual seed packets for crop-specific information. Prepare Soil with Adequate Organic Material – Most Colorado soil is a heavy clay type, which needs to have at least 2 inches of compost dug into the top 3–4 inches of soil. Moisten soil a few days before digging and do not work the soil when it is wet, as it will dry like adobe brick. Dig with a shovel or garden fork, turning over small clumps of soil at least 6 inches down, breaking up clumps with the shovel to produce fine particles. Spread compost on top of the loosened soil, again mixing it into the top several inches of clay soil (where most of the root growth occurs). Plant Only What You Like and Can Care For – Plan enough space for cool, warm and hot season vegetables and herbs. Utilize ‘succession planting’ for fast-maturing veggies such as spinach, lettuce and peas. To ensure a staggered harvest, plant small quantities of the above crops at 1–2 week intervals. Interplant shade-loving veggies, such as lettuce, with taller peas. The peas shade the lettuce and also provide nitrogen needed by the salad green. Leave enough space to replant spring crops in mid-August for a fall harvest. Thin all direct-seeded crops to allow room for root development. Harden Off All Greenhouse Transplants – For one week, expose all transplants to outdoor growing conditions. Take them outside in a semi-shaded area for 1 hour the first day and then bring them back inside. Each day increase their time outside by 1–2 hours. By the end of the week transplants should be able to withstand strong winds and UV exposure. Water Gently at Root Level – Newly planted seeds need daily watering, with uniform moisture applied slowly and evenly. Avoid overhead watering of tomatoes, cucumbers, beans, squash, pumpkins and melons, as diseases can be spread with such a technique. To find out if plants need water, insert a branch or your finger several inches into the soil, if moist soil adheres to your measuring device, plants do not need water. Cultivate the Soil Around All Plants Once a Week – Lightly scratching the soil before watering is an excellent way to keep the weed population in check and open up air channels for deeper infiltration of water. A crumbly, loose soil also allows roots to reach down further for water. Weeds can be left directly on the soil and used as mulch. Mulch All Areas Use straw or dried pesticide-free grass clippings as mulch around all crops. A light covering on all bare soil provides a cooler root-growing environment, prevents erosion and conserves water. Harvest Frequently – Overgrown produce becomes a magnet for disease and insect infestation. Harvest when veggies are small and skins are shiny (especially noticeable in eggplants). As plants slow in production, remove the crop and plant a different variety. Early peas can be followed by squash, and spinach or lettuce can be followed by beans. For additional gardening information and resources, check out these websites: www.almanac.com/gardening www.cmg.colostate.edu/gardennotes.shtml A RESOURCE OF DENVER URBAN GARDENS 303.292.9900 DIRT@DUG.ORG WWW.DUG.ORG Denver Urban Gardens (DUG) is a nonprofit organization that builds and supports community gardens across the metro area. DUG also operates DeLaney Community Farm, multiple school garden-based programs, the Master Composter and Master Community Gardener training programs, and Grow a Garden.

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Page 1: GaG Gardening for Success - capsmetro.org€¦ · Plant Only What You Like and Can Care For – Plan enough space for cool, warm and hot season vegetables and herbs. Utilize ‘succession

Gardening for Success Gardening in Colorado requires careful attention to seasonal variations, correct watering techniques and soil preparation. However, with 300 days of sunshine, disease problems are not as prevalent as in humid regions. Our semi-arid, mile-high altitude allows vegetables and flowers to mature quickly, with fruiting varieties, such as tomatoes, peppers and squash thriving in abundant light. For all gardeners, a little knowledge about basic gardening techniques and Colorado conditions can lead to a well managed, beautiful organic garden, with rich, productive soil and a diverse harvest. Know When to Plant – The last spring frost is around May 15th, and the first fall frost is around October 5th. Cool season crops, which can be planted as soon as the soil can be prepared (usually late March) include: spinach, onion seeds and sets, asparagus crowns, cilantro, parsley, potatoes, radishes, leaf lettuces, peas, green onions, collards and mustard greens. A few weeks later (mid-late April), plant carrot seeds and transplants of cabbage, broccoli and cauliflower. Plant winter squash, pumpkins, corn, sweet basil, beans, cucumbers, and melons in the first week of May. Transplants of tomatoes are usually planted the second week in May, while heat-loving peppers and eggplants are best planted the third week in May. Peas can be replanted the end of July for a fall crop. Spinach, lettuce and radishes can be replanted in mid-August for a fall crop. See individual seed packets for crop-specific information. Prepare Soil with Adequate Organic Material – Most Colorado soil is a heavy clay type, which needs to have at least 2 inches of compost dug into the top 3–4 inches of soil. Moisten soil a few days before digging and do not work the soil when it is wet, as it will dry like adobe brick. Dig with a shovel or garden fork, turning over small clumps of soil at least 6 inches down, breaking up clumps with the shovel to produce fine particles. Spread compost on top of the loosened soil, again mixing it into the top several inches of clay soil (where most of the root growth occurs). Plant Only What You Like and Can Care For – Plan enough space for cool, warm and hot season vegetables and herbs. Utilize ‘succession planting’ for fast-maturing veggies such as spinach, lettuce and peas. To ensure a staggered harvest, plant small quantities of the above crops at 1–2 week intervals. Interplant shade-loving veggies, such as lettuce, with taller peas. The peas shade the lettuce and also provide nitrogen needed by the salad green. Leave enough space to replant spring crops in mid-August for a fall harvest. Thin all direct-seeded crops to allow room for root development. Harden Off All Greenhouse Transplants – For one week, expose all transplants to outdoor growing conditions. Take them outside in a semi-shaded area for 1 hour the first day and then bring them back inside. Each day increase their time outside by 1–2 hours. By the end of the week transplants should be able to withstand strong winds and UV exposure. Water Gently at Root Level – Newly planted seeds need daily watering, with uniform moisture applied slowly and evenly. Avoid overhead watering of tomatoes, cucumbers, beans, squash, pumpkins and melons, as diseases can be spread with such a technique. To find out if plants need water, insert a branch or your finger several inches into the soil, if moist soil adheres to your measuring device, plants do not need water. Cultivate the Soil Around All Plants Once a Week – Lightly scratching the soil before watering is an excellent way to keep the weed population in check and open up air channels for deeper infiltration of water. A crumbly, loose soil also allows roots to reach down further for water. Weeds can be left directly on the soil and used as mulch. Mulch All Areas – Use straw or dried pesticide-free grass clippings as mulch around all crops. A light covering on all bare soil provides a cooler root-growing environment, prevents erosion and conserves water. Harvest Frequently – Overgrown produce becomes a magnet for disease and insect infestation. Harvest when veggies are small and skins are shiny (especially noticeable in eggplants). As plants slow in production, remove the crop and plant a different variety. Early peas can be followed by squash, and spinach or lettuce can be followed by beans.

For additional gardening information and resources, check out these websites: www.almanac.com/gardening

www.cmg.colostate.edu/gardennotes.shtml

A RESOURCE OF DENVER URBAN GARDENS

303.292.9900 ⏐[email protected] ⏐WWW.DUG.ORG

Denver Urban Gardens (DUG) is a nonprofit organization that builds and supports community gardens across the metro area. DUG also operates DeLaney Community Farm, multiple school garden-based programs, the Master Composter and Master

Community Gardener training programs, and Grow a Garden.

Page 2: GaG Gardening for Success - capsmetro.org€¦ · Plant Only What You Like and Can Care For – Plan enough space for cool, warm and hot season vegetables and herbs. Utilize ‘succession

Jardinería con éxito

La jardinería en Colorado requiere prestar especial atención a las variaciones de las estaciones, técnicas de riego correctas y preparación de la tierra. Sin embargo, con 300 días de sol, los problemas de enfermedades no están tan presentes como en las regiones húmedas. Nuestra ubicación a una milla de altura, semi árida, permite que las flores y los vegetales maduren rápidamente y que las variedades frutales como los tomates, pimientos y calabazas crezcan con abundante luz. Un poco de conocimiento sobre técnicas de jardinería básica y las condiciones en Colorado pueden ayudar a todos los jardineros a tener una hermosa huerta orgánica, bien gestionada, con una tierra rica y productiva y una cosecha diversa.

Sepa cuándo plantar – La última helada de primavera es alrededor del 15 de mayo, y la primera de otoño es alrededor del 5 de octubre. Las cosechas de la estación fría que pueden plantarse apenas se puede preparar la tierra (generalmente a fines de marzo) incluyen: espinaca, bulbos y semillas de cebolla, coronas de espárragos, cilantro, perejil, patatas, rábanos, lechugas de hoja, guisantes, cebollas de verdeo, coles y hojas de mostaza. Algunas semanas más tarde (entre mediados y fines de abril) se pueden plantar las semillas de zanahoria y los plantines de repollo, brócoli y coliflor. Las calabazas de invierno, zapallos, maíz, albahaca dulce, frijoles, pepinos y melones se plantan en la primera semana de mayo. Los plantines de tomate suelen plantarse en la segunda semana de mayo, en tanto los pimientos y las berenjenas, amantes del calor, se deben plantar preferentemente en la tercera semana de mayo. Los frijoles se pueden replantar a fines de julio para una cosecha otoñal. La espinaca, la lechuga y los rábanos se pueden replantar a mediados de agosto para obtener una cosecha otoñal. Consulte los paquetes de las semillas para obtener información específica sobre las cosechas.

Prepare la tierra con materiales orgánicos adecuados – La mayor parte de la tierra en Colorado es una arcilla espesa a la que se deben agregar al menos 2 pulgadas de compost en las 3-4 pulgadas superiores de la tierra. Humedezca la tierra unos cuantos días antes de excavarla y no la labre estando mojada, ya que se secará como un ladrillo de adobe. Excave con una pala o un rastrillo, dando vuelta pequeños cúmulos de tierra con al menos 6 pulgadas de profundidad y deshaciendo los cúmulos con la pala para lograr partículas finas. Esparza el compost encima de la tierra floja y mézclelo en las pulgadas superiores de la arcilla (donde ocurrirá la mayor parte del crecimiento de las raíces).

Plante únicamente cosas que le gusten y de las que pueda cuidar – Planifique espacio suficiente para vegetales y hierbas de estación fría, cálida y calurosa. Plante sucesivamente vegetales de maduración rápida como la espinaca, la lechuga y los frijoles. Para asegurarse una cosecha escalonada, plante pequeñas cantidades de estos cultivos en intervalos de una a dos semanas. Plante vegetales amantes de la sombra, como la lechuga, intercalados con frijoles más altos. Los frijoles arrojan sombra sobre la lechuga y también aportan el nitrógeno que esta necesita. Deje suficiente espacio para replantar los cultivos primaverales a mediados de agosto para una cosecha otoñal. Esparza todos los cultivos de siembra directa para dejar espacio para el desarrollo de las raíces.

Fortalezca todos los plantines de invernadero – Durante una semana exponga los plantines a condiciones de cultivo en el exterior. Póngalos en el exterior en un área con semi sombra durante 1 hora el primer día y después éntrelos nuevamente. Aumente la cantidad de tiempo en el exterior cada día 1 o 2 horas. Para el final de la semana, los plantines podrán tolerar los vientos fuertes y la exposición a los rayos UV.

Riegue suavemente a nivel de la raíz – Las semillas recién plantadas necesitan riego diario con humedad uniforme aplicada lentamente y en forma pareja. Evite el riego superior de tomates, pepinos, frijoles, calabazas, zapallos y melones, ya que así pueden contagiarse enfermedades. Para averiguar si las plantas necesitan agua, introduzca una rama o su dedo varias pulgadas en la tierra; si la tierra se adhiere al dispositivo de medición, las plantas no necesitan agua.

Prepare la tierra alrededor de las plantas una vez por semana – Rascar ligeramente la tierra antes de regarla es una excelente forma de controlar la población de maleza y abrir canales de aire para que el agua se infiltre mejor. La tierra granulada y suelta permite a las raíces estirarse más hacia abajo en búsqueda de agua. Puede dejar la maleza directamente sobre la tierra para acolchonarla.

Acolchone todas las áreas – Use paja o recortes de césped sin pesticida como acolchonado alrededor de todos los cultivos. Una pequeña cobertura sobre la tierra desnuda ofrece un ambiente más fresco para el crecimiento de las raíces, previene la erosión y conserva el agua.

Coseche con frecuencia – Las verduras maduras de más son un imán de infecciones e infestaciones con insectos. Coseche cuando los vegetales estén pequeños y sus cáscaras brillantes (notorio especialmente en las berenjenas). Cuando la producción se haga más lenta, quite el cultivo y plante una variedad diferente. Después de los primeros frijoles puede plantar calabazas, y después de la espinaca o lechuga, frijoles.

Para obtener información y recursos adicionales sobre jardinería consulte estos sitios web: www.almanac.com/gardening www.cmg.colostate.edu/gardennotes.shtml

UN RECURSO DE DENVER URBAN GARDENS

303.292.9900 ⏐[email protected] ⏐WWW.DUG.ORG

Denver Urban Gardens (DUG) es una organización sin fines de lucro que crea y apoya a huertas comunitarias en toda el área metropolitana. DUG gestiona también el proyecto de agricultura sustentada por la comunidad de DeLaney Community Farm, múltiples programas escolares

basados en huertas, los programas de capacitación Master Composter y Master Community Gardener y Cultive un Jardín.