Gabriella BianchiCoordinator, Marine and Inland Fisheries

ServiceFAO, Rome

FISKERIPOLITIKK I BEVEGELSENordisk fiskerikonferanse

Universitetet i Tromsø, 23-24 oktober 2012

The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2012

S t a t e o f Wo r l d F i s h e r i e s a n d A q u a c u l t u r e 2 0 1 2

Major changes over last 15 years

Rising demand for fish & fishery products

Increase in global aquaculture production

Growth in world trade of fish & fishery products

Global call for responsible governance

S t a t e o f Wo r l d F i s h e r i e s a n d A q u a c u l t u r e 2 0 1 2

Global production

148.5 million tonnes total

Total value US$217.5 billion

Capture : 88.6 million tonnes

¨ marine: 77.4 million¨ inland : 11.2 million

Aquaculture : 59.9 million tonnes

World review

S t a t e o f Wo r l d F i s h e r i e s a n d A q u a c u l t u r e 2 0 1 2

Fish as food

128 million tonnes

Record 18.4 kg/capita

47% from aquaculture

15% of animal protein for4.3 billion people

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

Marine Capture Marine Aquaculture Inland Aquaculture Inland Capture

Trends in global fish production

marine capture

marine aquaculture

inland aquaculture

inland capture

S t a t e o f Wo r l d F i s h e r i e s a n d A q u a c u l t u r e 2 0 1 2

Marine capture fisheries

77.4 million tonnes

Variations in catch trends

27% from Northwest Pacific

World review

S t a t e o f Wo r l d F i s h e r i e s a n d A q u a c u l t u r e 2 0 1 2

S t a t e o f Wo r l d F i s h e r i e s a n d A q u a c u l t u r e 2 0 1 2

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

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3.0

3.5

4.0

4.5

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

Atlantic, Eastern CentralPacific, NortheastPacific, Eastern CentralAtlantic, Southwest

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5

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15

20

25

30

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

Pacific, Northwest

Pacific, Southeast

Fishing areas with strong fluctuations in production

S t a t e o f Wo r l d F i s h e r i e s a n d A q u a c u l t u r e 2 0 1 2Fishing areas with decreasing trends in production

Fishing areas with increasing trends in production

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4

6

8

10

12

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

Pacific, Western Central

Indian Ocean, Eastern

Indian Ocean, Western

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

77678171

48,58&886121578751273741473431

Non-fully exploited Fully exploited Overexploited

Exploitation status by Fishing Area

S t a t e o f Wo r l d F i s h e r i e s a n d A q u a c u l t u r e 2 0 1 2

1974

1975

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1981

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1987

1988

1989

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1991

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1995

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2007

2008

2009

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80Global trends in the state of world marine stocks since 1974

Non-fully exploited

Fully exploited

Overexploited

Percentage of stocks assessed

S t a t e o f Wo r l d F i s h e r i e s a n d A q u a c u l t u r e 2 0 1 2

Increase in catches from the sea can only take place as a result of restoring overexploited fish stocks !

S t a t e o f Wo r l d F i s h e r i e s a n d A q u a c u l t u r e 2 0 1 2

Inland fisheries

>11 million tonnes

Catch statistics poor

Resources vulnerable to habitat degradation

Contribution to food & nutrition security underestimated

World review

S t a t e o f Wo r l d F i s h e r i e s a n d A q u a c u l t u r e 2 0 1 2

Asia

Africa

Americas

Europe

Oceania

0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000

Inland capture fisheries production by region

S t a t e o f Wo r l d F i s h e r i e s a n d A q u a c u l t u r e 2 0 1 2

Aquaculture

Fastest-growing food sector annual growth rate 8.8%

59.9 million tonnes in 2010

Value US$119 billion

Increasing % of fed species

World review

S t a t e o f Wo r l d F i s h e r i e s a n d A q u a c u l t u r e 2 0 1 2

Africa

Americas

Asia

Europe

Oceania

0 10000 20000 30000 40000 50000 60000

Aquaculture production by region (1000 tonnes)

Aquaculture production by region (1000 tonnes)

China

India

Viet nam

Indonesia

Bangladesh

Thailand

Norway

Egypt

Myanmar

Philippines

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40

Major aquaculture producers

S t a t e o f Wo r l d F i s h e r i e s a n d A q u a c u l t u r e 2 0 1 2Fish supply

Fish supply (mt)2010 (baseline)

2030 (projectio

n)

Aquaculture 59 123

Capture fisheries 88 88

Total supply 147 211 % of aquaculture: 40 58

Source: Estimation of FI Department

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50

60

70

80

90

100

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010

Mill

ions

ton

nes

World Fish Production

Capture fisheries

Aquaculture

Source: FAO FISHSTAT

S t a t e o f Wo r l d F i s h e r i e s a n d A q u a c u l t u r e 2 0 1 2Bridging the supply-demand gaps

• If aquaculture production follow the recent trend, expected aquaculture growth rate:– 4.0 percent annually.

• To feed growing world population, required aquaculture growth rate: – 5.6 percent annually.

Aquaculture growth rate

during2007-2030

Expected APR (%)

Required APR (%)

World 4.0 5.6Africa 7.2 11.5Asia 4.0 5.3Europe 3.1 4.0L.A. & C. 4.4 7.6Northern A. 0.4 9.0Oceania 2.6 7.9Source: Estimation of FI Department

S t a t e o f Wo r l d F i s h e r i e s a n d A q u a c u l t u r e 2 0 1 2Key challenges for aquacultureLand and water availabilityFeeds: availability of Fishmeal and Fish OilTransfer of technology and knowledge to most needed nations

and regionsMinimizing aquaculture ecosystem impactsMinimizing negative impacts on aquaculture; e.g. climate

change, industrial pollutionImproving biosecurity and health managementImprove financing and investment specially for small farmersConducive policy

S t a t e o f Wo r l d F i s h e r i e s a n d A q u a c u l t u r e 2 0 1 2

Main messages• Demand for fish is increasing and will continue to do

so • Capture fisheries can only increase its contribution by

strengthening governance to maximize natural productivity

• Increased demand will have to be met mainly through increased aquaculture production

• Aquaculture also requires good governance and a change in species that are cultivated to aim at lower trophic levels

S t a t e o f Wo r l d F i s h e r i e s a n d A q u a c u l t u r e 2 0 1 2

TAKK