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T E C H N I C A L S T U D Y

A Study of INTERCEPTOR

Synthetic 2-Stroke Oil for

Ski-DooRotaxE-TECEnginesWith ASTM Lubricity and Detergency Testing

Published August 2012

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Editors Note

When Bombardier Recreational Products (BRP) claimed AMSOILINTERCEPTOR Synthetic 2-Stroke Oil does not meet the performance demandsof its Rotax E-TEC engines used in certain models of Ski-Doo snowmobiles,

AMSOIL immediately took notice. The results of BRPs test, which depict ascuffed piston allegedly lubricated with INTERCEPTOR, directly contradict theresults experienced by AMSOIL customers and achieved in several real-worldlELDTRIALSANDINDUSTRYACCEPTEDLABORATORYTESTS).4%2#%04/2HASDEMON -strated exceptional performance in the following tests and trials:

Field Trials & Case Studiess 2OCKY-OUNTAIN2ENTAL&LEET&IELD4RIAL

s %XHAUST0OWER6ALVE&IELD3TUDYIN0OLARIS and Rotax engines

s -ILE2OTAX E-TEC Engine Case Study

Industry-Standard Bench Testings !34-4#3EQUENCE)$ETERGENCY4EST!34-$-OD

s .--!4#7!&,UBRICITY4EST

s *!3//NE(OUR$ETERGENCY4EST-

s -ULTIPLEHOUR#YCLE3NOWMOBILE%NGINE$YNAMOMETER4ESTSFORDEPOSITSVALVESTICKINGANDLUBRICITY

s (IGH&REQUENCY2ECIPROCATING2IG(&224ESTFORLUBRICITYANDlLMSTRENGTH!34-$-OD

s 3TANDARD4EST-ETHODFOR$ETERMINATIONOF,UBRICITYOF4WO3TROKE#YCLE'ASOLINE%NGINE,UBRICANTS

!34-$-OD

INTERCEPTORs high level of performance and protection in demanding two-stroke applications is well-

documented and indisputable.

4HEREFORE!-3/),ISCHALLENGING"20SCLAIMTHAT).4%2#%04/2WILLFAILTOADEQUATELYPROTECT2OTAX%4%#SNOWMOBILEENGINES"ASEDONITSlNDINGS"20STRONGLYIMPLIESITSOWN8033YNTHETIC#YCLE/ILWHICHI

often more expensive, is the only oil safe to use in Rotax E-TEC engines.

!-3/),FORMALLYREQUESTED"20MAKEAVAILABLEITSOILSPECIlCATIONSAGAINSTWHICHTOQUALIFY).4%2#%04/2for recommended use in Rotax E-TEC engines. BRP refused. Instead, BRP provided a summary of the

HOURENGINEDYNAMOMETERTESTITPERFORMEDINITSATTEMPTTODISCREDIT).4%2#%04/2"20REVEALEDITMODIlEDTHETESTSNOWMOBILESELECTRONICCONTROLMODULE%#-ONTHEASSUMPTIONTHATANENGINEOPERATING

FORHOURSUNDERMODIlEDCONDITIONSCANSIMULATEHOURSOFNORMALSERVICEWHICHACCORDINGTO"20IS

the engines life expectancy. Under the premise of BRPs testing, the life of a two-stroke engine can beaccurately predicted within a short period of time by modifying its operating conditions. BRPs results should

be viewed with skepticism. In effect, BRP created forced-failure conditions through engine operation and%#-MODIlCATIONSTHATARENOTREPRESENTATIVEOFREALWORLDCONDITIONSOFUSEORANYINDUSTRYACCEPTED

standards. While BRP implies expert status regarding the formulation of two-cycle oils, the company is not

ANOILMANUFACTURER)NCONTRAST!-3/),).#HASNEARLYYEARSEXPERIENCEFORMULATINGSYNTHETICTWO

stroke motor oils.

To demonstrate INTERCEPTORs effectiveness in real-world conditions, AMSOIL INC. conducted an extreme

dynamometer test on a Rotax E-TEC engine. In contrast to BRPs methodology, the test snowmobiles ECMWASNOTMODIlEDANDCONDITIONSWEREDESIGNEDTOREPLICATETHEOPERATINGCONDITIONSSNOWMOBILERSACTUALLY

encounter in the real world.

This document contains a description of the test along with full results. AMSOIL welcomes any outside entityto perform its own testing.

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Overview

$IRECTFUELINJECTION$&)SOPHISTICATEDCOMPUTERPROGRAMMINGTARGETED electronic oil injection and other developments have enabled a new era in two-stroke powersports engine design. Modern engines offer an unprecedented

COMBINATIONOFINCREASEDPOWERIMPROVEDFUELEFlCIENCYANDREDUCEDemissions.

The increased level of performance comes at a price: Modern enginesencounter increased heat, friction and stress while often using less oil toLUBRICATEANDPROTECTVITALENGINEPARTS4HE2OTAX%4%#2FOREXAMPLE ISALIQUIDCOOLED$&)TWOSTROKEENGINECAPABLEOFRPMANDHP )TINCORPORATESELECTRONICEQUIPMENTTHATCANADJUSTTHEAMOUNTOFOILTHEENGINEuses depending on operating conditions. As a result, the engine produces fewerexhaust emissions, but undergoes increased severity. Durable oils formulatedto provide increased lubricity are best suited for powersports engines like the2OTAX%4%#2

Objective#OMPARETHEABILITYOF!-3/),).4%2#%04/23YNTHETIC3TROKE/ILAND8033YNTHETIC#YCLE/ILTOPROTECTAGAINSTENGINEWEARANDDEPOSITSINASNOWMOBILEEQUIPPEDWITHA2OTAX%4%#2ENGINE

&URTHERCOMPARETHELUBRICITYANDDETERGENCYPROPERTIESOFEACHOILUSINGINDUSTRYSTANDARD!MERICANSociety of Testing and Materials (ASTM) testing. Demonstrate that INTERCEPTOR exceeds the performance

REQUIREMENTSOFHIGHPERFORMANCE$&)SNOWMOBILEENGINESINSEVEREOPERATINGCONDITIONS

Note: 8033YNTHETIC#YCLE/ILBATCHCODEOBTAINEDIN$ECEMBERAND!-3/),).4%2#%04/23YNTHETIC3TROKE/ILBATCHCODEPRODUCED$ECEMBERUNDERWENT

TESTINGCOMPLETEDIN-ARCH"OTHOILSWEREAVAILABLETOCONSUMERSATTHETIMEOFTESTING4ESTRESULTS

DONOTREPRESENTFUTUREFORMULATIONCHANGES4HISTESTDATAREmECTSSINGLETESTRUNSANDSTATISTICALrepeatability was not determined.

MethodologyAMSOIL developed the extreme dynamometer test on Rotax E-TEC engines in order to determine each

OILSLEVELOFENGINEPROTECTION&OLLOWINGEACHHOURPROCEDURETHEENGINEWASDISASSEMBLEDANDTHE

components rated by an ASTM calibrated rater. Merit ratings for each set of components (e.g. piston skirts,PISTONRINGSETCWEREDETERMINEDUSINGTHEAPPROPRIATETECHNIQUESANDRATINGSCALESASDElNEDINTHE

Coordinating Research Council, Inc. Deposit Rating Manual No. 20. Some components received a meritRATINGBASEDONASCALEWITHREPRESENTINGACOMPONENTFREEOFDEFECTSANDREPRESENTING

catastrophic distress. Others received merit ratings indicating the percentage of an area with defects

EGTHEPERCENTAGEPISTONSKIRTAREACONTAININGSCUFlNG

The lubricity properties of each oil were compared using the Standard Test Method for Determination of

,UBRICITYOF4WO3TROKE#YCLE'ASOLINE%NGINE,UBRICANTS!34-$-OD4HEDETERGENCYPROPERTIESof each oil were compared using the Standard Test Method for Determination of the Ability of Lubricants to-INIMIZE2ING3TICKINGAND0ISTON$EPOSITSIN4WO3TROKE#YCLE'ASOLINE%NGINES/THERTHAN/UTBOARDS

!34-$-OD)NBOTH!34-TESTSTHEREFERENCEOILWASREPLACEDBY8033YNTHETIC#YCLE/ILTOestablish a performance benchmark and facilitate a direct comparison. Both ASTM tests were performed

by an independent lab.

Extreme Dynamometer Test on Rotax E-TEC Engines4HE%XTREME$YNAMOMETER4ESTON2OTAX%4%#%NGINESSUBJECTEDACANDIDATEOILTOHOURSOFENGINE

DYNOTESTINGSUFlCIENTTIMETOSIMULATEAFULLSEASONOFSNOWMOBILERIDING%ACHHOURPROCEDURE

included periodic breaks to refuel and overnight periods of inactivity to simulate real-world operation.&OLLOWINGCOLLECTIONANDDISSEMINATIONALLDATAWASCOMPAREDTODETERMINEEACHOILSLEVELOFPERFORMANCE

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Test Snowmobile

4HECANDIDATEOILWASINSTALLEDINA"203KI$OO2ENEGADE8SNOWMOBILEEQUIPPEDWITHA2OTAX

%4%#2ENGINE4HESNOWMOBILEWASPURCHASEDNEWFROMANAUTHORIZED"20DEALER

Engine Dynamometer

4HESNOWMOBILEWASCONNECTEDTOA,ANDAND3EA$9./MITEENGINEDYNAMOMETEREQUIPPEDWITHAINCHWATERCOOLEDCENTRIFUGALPUMPWATERBRAKECAPABLEOFABSORBINGHP4HEDYNOWASlRSTCALIBRATED

using the test snowmobile to ensure the most accurate results possible. Throttle position and load controlWERESTRICTLYCONTROLLEDVIACOMPUTER$ATAWASGATHEREDUSING$9./MITE0RO$ATA!CQUISITION3OFTWARE

4HEDYNOUSESWATERUNDERPRESSURETOPLACELOADONTHEMOTORSIMULATINGTHETORQUEPRODUCEDBYA

snowmobiles continuously variable transmission.

Pre-Test Procedure

!SISSTANDARDPRACTICETHEDYNOWASlRSTCALIBRATEDALONGWITHTHETESTSNOWMOBILEPRIORTOTESTING

&OLLOWINGCALIBRATIONTHESNOWMOBILESENGINEWASREFRESHEDWITHNEWCYLINDERSCYLINDERHEADSPISTONSrings, wrist pins and wrist pin bearings using only authorized BRP replacement parts and standard

ENGINEBUILDINGPRACTICESTOENSUREOPERATIONTIMEDURINGCALIBRATIONDIDNOTAFFECTlNALRESULTS

4OENSUREACCURACYVARIABLESINCLUDINGFUELQUALITYCOOLANTMIXTURERATIORPMANDENGINELOADWERECONTROLLEDFROMONEHOURPROCEDURETOTHENEXT4HEMAINCOOLINGUNITCONTROLLEDENGINETEMPERATUREVIA

THEFACTORYPRESETTHERMOSTAT0ER"20SSPECIlCATIONSAMIXTUREOFCOOLANTANDWATERWASUSED

&ORADDITIONALCONTROLPURPOSESANDTOFURTHERLIMITVARIABLESENGINEPARTSWEREMEASUREDBEFOREANDAFTER

each dyno procedure. (Pre- and post-test measurements are included in Appendix A.) The snowmobiles%#-WASNOTMODIlEDINANYWAY

Care was taken to replicate real-world operating conditions while conforming to BRPs recommendationsgiven in the snowmobile owners manual. The same batch of pump gas was used throughout testing. The gas

MET"20SSPECIlCATIONSOFAMINIMUMOCTANERATINGANDAMAXIMUMETHANOLCONTENTOFPERCENTSEE!PPENDIX"'ASCONTAININGPERCENTETHANOLWASUSEDBECAUSEITINCREASESENGINESTRESSCOMPAREDTO

gas with reduced ethanol content, representing a worst-case scenario that further challenges each oil.

50-Hour Dyno Procedure

7ITHTHEENGINEPREPAREDACANDIDATEOILWASINSTALLEDINTHESNOWMOBILESOILTANKTOTHEMARKANDTHEFUELTANKlLLEDTOTHEBOTTOMOFTHElLLERNECK

To supplement the traditional dyno cooling tower and to further simulate the cooling effects of snow in actual

use, an auxiliary spray bar directed a controlled amount of water on the front and rear heat exchangers. A

HIGHSPEEDFANWASPOSITIONEDTOPROVIDEADDITIONALAIRUNDERNEATHTHESNOWMOBILESHOODSIMULATINGAIRmOWINREALWORLDRIDINGCONDITIONS/NCETHEENGINEREACHED&THEAUTOMATEDDYNOPROGRAMWASACTIVATED

Each dyno procedure was conducted according to the same computerized script. The engine underwentbreak-in according to its pre-programmed ECM, which was reset prior to conducting the second procedure.

4HEDYNOPROGRAMREQUIREDTHEENGINETOUNDERGOALLTYPESOFOPERATINGCONDITIONSINCLUDINGIDLETIME

PARTIALTHROTTLEOPERATIONANDFULLTHROTTLEOPERATION-AXIMUMRPMWASREPEATEDLYRUNDURINGEACHPROCEDUREANDEXHAUSTGASTEMPERATURESOFTENSURPASSED&ILLUSTRATINGTHESEVERITYOFOPERATION

/NCETHEHOURDYNOPROCEDUREWASCOMPLETETHEENGINEWASDISASSEMBLED4HEPARTSWEREAGAIN

measured and the post-test measurements documented. The parts were rated for wear and other distressby an ASTM calibrated rater. The complete upper end of the engine was again refreshed in preparation for

THENEXTHOURPROCEDURE

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Pistons __________________________________________________________________________________________________

AMSOIL INTERCEPTOR

Synthetic 2-Stroke Oil

XPS-2 Synthetic 2-Cycle Oil

3CRATCHINGWHICHISNOTLUBRICANTRELATEDREFERSTOTHEALTERATIONOFTHESKIRTSURFACEBYlNEPARTICLES

SUSPENDEDINTHELUBRICANTFUELAIROREMBEDDEDINASURFACE3CUFlNGISLUBRICANTRELATEDANDAPPEARSASAMATTElNISH"OTHOILSCOMPLETELYPREVENTEDPISTONSKIRTSCUFlNG4HEPISTONSAREMANUFACTUREDWITHAcoating that is black in color. INTERCEPTOR effectively protected pistons from wear and limited removal of

the black coating.

Piston Scratching, PTO 2%0ISTON3CRATCHING-!'

0ISTON3CUFlNG04/

0ISTON3CUFlNG-!'

% Coating Removed, Exhaust Side, PTO

% Coating Removed, Intake Side, PTO

#OATING2EMOVED%XHAUST3IDE-!'

#OATING2EMOVED)NTAKE3IDE-!'

PistonSkirt

Results of Extreme Dynamometer Teston Rotax E-TEC Engines

Piston Scratching, PTO

0ISTON3CRATCHING-!'

0ISTON3CUFlNG04/

0ISTON3CUFlNG-!'

% Coating Removed, Exhaust Side, PTO

% Coating Removed, Intake Side, PTO

#OATING2EMOVED%XHAUST3IDE-!'

#OATING2EMOVED)NTAKE3IDE-!'

PTO1

MAG2

PTO

MAG

Intake Side Exhaust Side Intake Side Exhaust Side

Intake Side Exhaust Side Intake Side Exhaust Side

1 Power take off side2Magneto side

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Piston Rings & Lands _______________________________________________________________________________

AMSOIL INTERCEPTORSynthetic 2-Stroke Oil


0ISTONRINGDEPOSITSCANCAUSERINGSTICKINGANDCONSEQUENTPOWERLOSS4HERINGSINBOTHENGINESEARNED

PERFECTMERITRATINGSDEMONSTRATINGEACHOILPREVENTEDSTICKING

Ring Sticking, PTO

2ING3TICKING-!'

Crown Land, PTO

#ROWN,AND-!'

Ring Sticking, PTO

2ING3TICKING-!'

Crown Land, PTO

#ROWN,AND-!'

PTO MAGPTO MAG

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To protect against pre-ignition and poor performance, two-stroke oils must resist piston crown deposits

caused by the elevated temperatures inside the combustion chamber. Piston crowns in both engines earnedhigh ratings for deposits, with INTERCEPTOR earning high ratings for undercrown deposits as well.

Piston Crown, PTO

0ISTON#ROWN-!'

Undercrown, PTO

5NDERCROWN-!'

Piston Crown, PTO

0ISTON#ROWN-!'

Undercrown, PTO

5NDERCROWN-!'

MAG PTOMAG PTO

Piston Crowns & Undercrowns ____________________________________________________________________

Undercrowns Undercrowns

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Wrist Pins & Bearings _______________________________________________________________________________



The wrist pins and bearings undergo constant rotational stress and represent areas prone to metal-to-metal

CONTACTANDWEAR4HEOILMUSTMAINTAINITSLUBRICATINGlLMFOROPTIMUMPROTECTION).4%2#%04/2LIMITEDwear effectively and provided a high level of protection.

PTO MAGPTO MAG

Piston Wristpins, PTO

0ISTON7RISTPINS-!' Piston Wristpin Bearing, PTO

0ISTON7RISTPIN"EARING-!'

Wristpin Case Condition, PTO 'OOD

7RISTPIN#ASE#ONDITION-!' 'OOD

Piston Wristpins, PTO

0ISTON7RISTPINS-!' Piston Wristpin Bearing, PTO

0ISTON7RISTPIN"EARING-!'

Wristpin Case Condition, PTO 'OOD

7RISTPIN#ASE#ONDITION-!' 'OOD

Wrist Pin Bearing Wrist Pin Bearing Wrist Pin Bearing Wrist Pin Bearing

Cylinder Heads ________________________________________________________________________________________

AMSOIL INTERCEPTOR



Excessive cylinder head deposits are undesirable and can negatively affect performance. Both oilsdemonstrated strong cleanliness properties.

#YLINDER(EAD04/

#YLINDER(EAD-!'

#YLINDER(EAD04/

#YLINDER(EAD-!'

PTO MAGPTO MAG

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Exhaust Ports _________________________________________________________________________________________

AMSOIL INTERCEPTOR



%XCESSIVEEXHAUSTPORTDEPOSITSANDBLOCKAGERESTRICTAIRmOWANDCONTRIBUTETOPOORPERFORMANCE"OTHoils demonstrated strong cleanliness properties as demonstrated by the high merit ratings for deposits and

virtually no port blockage.

Exhaust Port, PTO

%XHAUST0ORT-!'

% Blockage, PTO

"LOCKAGE-!'

Exhaust Port, PTO

%XHAUST0ORT-!'

% Blockage, PTO

"LOCKAGE-!'

Intake Ports & Cylinders ____________________________________________________________________________

AMSOIL INTERCEPTOR



Intake port deposits in both engines were virtually non-existent. Both oils inhibited cylinder bore wearextremely well, demonstrating strong wear protection. Overall merit ratings were high for both sets of

cylinders.

PTO MAGPTO MAG

Intake Port, PTO

)NTAKE0ORT-!'

% Scratching, PTO

3CRATCHING-!'

#ROSS(ATCH2EMOVED04/

#ROSS(ATCH2EMOVED-!'

Rating, PTO

2ATING-!'

Intake Port, PTO

)NTAKE0ORT-!'

% Scratching, PTO

3CRATCHING-!'

#ROSS(ATCH2EMOVED04/

#ROSS(ATCH2EMOVED-!'

Rating, PTO

2ATING-!'

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Exhaust Power Valves _______________________________________________________________________________



Excessive hard carbon deposits and varnish on the exhaust power valves can interfere with operation,

reducing engine performance. None of the exhaust power valves tested exhibited any sticking, indicating

both oils provided strong cleanliness properties.

PTO TopPTO Top

PTO BottomPTO Bottom

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Exhaust Power Valves _______________________________________________________________________________



MAG TopMAG Top

MAG BottomMAG Bottom

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Results of the Standard Test Method for Determinationof Lubricity of Two-Stroke/Cycle Gasoline Engine

Lubricants (ASTM D 4863 Mod.)

7HETHERUSINGAGASOILPREMIXORDIRECTOILINJECTIONTWOSTROKEENGINESCANOPERATEFORSHORTPERIODSWITH

less oil than is desirable. In direct-oil-injected engines, throttle bursts can also result in the engine operating

WITHREDUCEDOILFORSHORTPERIODS4HEOILSLUBRICITYISVITALTOPROTECTINGAGAINSTPISTONANDCYLINDERSCUFlNGunder these operating conditions.

4HE!34-$LUBRICITYTESTEVALUATESTHEABILITYOFALUBRICANTTOMINIMIZEPISTONANDCYLINDERBORE

SCUFlNGINTWOSTROKESPARKIGNITIONGASOLINEENGINES4HEENGINEISOPERATEDATAGASTOOILRATIOmuch leaner than the ratios used by Rotax E-TEC engines.

!REFERENCEOILISRUNINA9AMAHA#%3CCENGINEATWIDEOPENTHROTTLE4HECOOLINGFANISTHENSHUTOFF

ALLOWINGTHEENGINETEMPERATURETOINCREASE(EATCAUSESPISTONEXPANSIONCAUSINGFRICTIONTOINCREASEANDTORQUETODECREASE4HETORQUEVALUEOFTHEREFERENCEOILATTHREEDIFFERENTTEMPERATURESISRECORDED4HE

CANDIDATEOILUNDERGOESTHESAMEPROCEDUREANDITSTORQUEVALUEATTHESAMETEMPERATURESISRECORDED'REATERTORQUELOSSMEANSLOWERPOWERANDLESSLUBRICITY4HETORQUEREDUCTIONVALUEAT&MUSTBEEQUAL

to or below the corresponding value for the reference oil in order to receive a passing grade. In short, lowerVALUESMEANBETTERLUBRICITY'ENERALENGINECONDITIONISEVALUATEDATTHEENDOFTHETEST

To facilitate a direct comparison, the benchmark reference oil was replaced by XPS-2

Synthetic 2-Cycle Oil.

4ORQUEVALUESFOR).4%2#%04/2WERELOWERTHANTHECORRESPONDINGVALUESFOR8033YNTHETIC#YCLE/IL

INTERCEPTOR demonstrated strong lubricity properties and surpassed the benchmark for lubricity at thePERCENTCONlDENCELEVEL

Temperature(F)

XPS-2 Synthetic2-Cycle Oil

(Reference)


572 3.23 lb. in. 2.83 lb. in.

617 4.00 lb. in. 3.62 lb. in.

662 4.79 lb. in. 4.42 lb. in.

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Page 14

Results of the ASTM TC Sequence I Detergency Test(ASTM D 4857 Mod.)

(IGHTEMPERATUREHIGHRPMTWOSTROKEENGINESARESUSCEPTIBLETOTHEEFFECTSOFLUBRICANTFAILURE0ISTONRINGSTICKINGDEPOSITSANDVARNISHCANCAUSEDIFlCULTSTARTSANDDECREASEDOPERATINGEFlCIENCY4HELUBRICANTS

detergency properties are critical to resisting harmful deposits and varnish.

4HE!34-$DETERGENCYTESTISDESIGNEDTOEVALUATETHECLEANLINESSPROPERTIESOFATWOCYCLEengine lubricant. Particular attention is paid to piston skirt varnish, piston ring sticking, spark plug fouling,

PREIGNITIONCOMBUSTIONCHAMBERDEPOSITSANDEXHAUSTPORTBLOCKING4ESTINGISDONEATAGASTOOIL

ratio.

4HETESTUSESA9AMAHA2$"CCENGINEDESIGNEDTOOPERATEWITHAREFERENCEOILINONECYLINDERANDA

CANDIDATEOILINTHEOTHER!FTERHOURSOFRUNTIMETHEENGINEISDISASSEMBLEDANDRATEDFORDEPOSITSRING

sticking and other distress.

To facilitate a direct comparison, the benchmark reference oil was replaced by XPS-2Synthetic 2-Cycle Oil.

Cylinder Heads ________________________________________________________________________________________

"OTHOILSPREVENTEDCYLINDERLINERWEARANDINHIBITEDCYLINDERHEADDEPOSITSWITH8033YNTHETIC#YCLE

Oil earning a high rating.

AMSOIL INTERCEPTOR



Cylinder Liner Wear

#YLINDER(EAD$EPOSITS

Cylinder Liner Wear

#YLINDER(EAD$EPOSITS

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Pistons & Rings _______________________________________________________________________________________

"OTHOILSPREVENTEDPISTONSKIRTSCUFNGANDRINGSTICKINGTOTHETOPRINGEARNINGPERFECTMERITRATINGS

0ISTONVARNISHRATINGSWEREALSOHIGHWHILE).4%2#%04/2EARNEDAHIGHRATINGFORRINGLANDDEPOSITS

INTERCEPTOR met or surpassed the performance benchmark in nearly every category.



ThrustThrust

Anti-ThrustAnti-Thrust

0ISTON3CUFlNG4HRUST

0ISTON3CUFlNG!NTI4HRUST

0ISTON6ARNISH4HRUST

0ISTON6ARNISH!NTI4HRUST

Ring Land

Ring Sticking, Top Ring

Ring Sticking, Second Ring

Piston Crown Deposits

0ISTON3CUFlNG4HRUST

0ISTON3CUFlNG!NTI4HRUST

0ISTON6ARNISH4HRUST

0ISTON6ARNISH!NTI4HRUST

Ring Land

Ring Sticking, Top Ring

Ring Sticking, Second Ring

Piston Crown Deposits

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Page 16

Conclusion

Testing proves the effectiveness of AMSOIL INTERCEPTOR Synthetic 2-Stroke Oil in Rotax E-TEC engines

SPECIlCALLYANDHIGHPERFORMANCE$&)POWERSPORTSENGINESINGENERAL&OLLOWINGHOURSOFENGINEDYNO

testing, merit ratings assigned to components by an ASTM calibrated rater offer convincing proof of perfor-MANCEWITH).4%2#%04/2EARNINGPERFECTRATINGSFORPISTONSKIRTSCUFlNGANDPISTONRINGSTICKING2ATINGS

FORCYLINDERBORECROSSHATCHREMOVALEXHAUSTPORTBLOCKINGANDOTHERAREASWEREHIGHANDREmECTTHEOILSability to control deposits and inhibit wear. The results of the Extreme Dynamometer Test on Rotax E-TEC

%NGINESDISPROVES"20SALLEGATIONTHAT!-3/),).4%2#%04/23YNTHETIC3TROKE/ILWILLFAILTOADEQUATELYPROTECT2OTAX%4%#ENGINES).4%2#%04/2EXCEEDSTHEPERFORMANCEREQUIREMENTS

4HERESULTSOFTHE!34-$LUBRICITYTESTPROVIDEADDITIONALPROOFOFPERFORMANCE!TAGASTOOIL

RATIOFARLEANERTHANTHERATIOSPRODUCEDBYTHE2OTAX%4%#2ENGINE).4%2#%04/2DEMONSTRATEDINCREASEDLUBRICITYCOMPAREDTO8033YNTHETIC#YCLE/ILANDSURPASSEDTHEPERFORMANCEBENCHMARK)N

ADDITION).4%2#%04/2PREVENTEDPISTONSKIRTSCUFlNGANDCYLINDERWEARANDSHOWEDSTRONGDETERGENCY

PROPERTIESINTHE!34-$DETERGENCYTESTSURPASSING8033YNTHETIC#YCLE/ILASTHEPERFORMANCEbenchmark in almost all instances.

4HESERESULTSHAVEALSOBEENCONlRMEDINA-ILE2OTAX%4%#%NGINE#ASE3TUDY'0ISTONS

TAKENFROMA3KI$OO4.4SNOWMOBILEEQUIPPEDWITHA2OTAX%4%#2ENGINEEXHIBITEDNOSCUFlNGORRINGSTICKINGFOLLOWINGMILESOFREALWORLDAGGRESSIVETRAILRIDING

4HECASESTUDYANDHOURDYNOTESTAREINSTARKCONTRASTTO"20SHOURENGINETEST"20ADMITSTO

modifying the snowmobiles ECM, in effect forcing a failure using operating conditions not representativeof real-world use. It is the view of AMSOIL that BRPs test provides no value in determining the overall

performance of any oil, including INTERCEPTOR. AMSOIL, on the other hand, closely replicates the actualOPERATINGCONDITIONSENCOUNTEREDBYOWNERSOFSNOWMOBILESEQUIPPEDWITH2OTAX%4%#ENGINES"ASEDON

its decades of experience with powersports applications, AMSOIL concludes that BRP used a forced-failure

testing tactic to create failure conditions that do not exist in real-world use.

Based on the results of the Extreme Dynamometer Test on Rotax E-TEC Engines, AMSOIL guaranteesthat INTERCEPTOR Synthetic 2-Stroke Oil effectively lubricates Rotax E-TEC engines and is a high-

performance replacement for BRPs more-costly XPS-2 Synthetic 2-Cycle Oil.

Use of AMSOIL INTERCEPTOR will not void BRPs warranty, as BRP would have enthusiasts believe.

The right to use AMSOIL INTERCEPTOR in Rotax engines without voiding the warranty is protectedunder U.S. federal law by the Magnuson Moss Warranty Act of 1975. AMSOIL additionally warrants theuse of INTERCEPTOR in all Rotax engines according to the AMSOIL Limited Warranty (G1363).

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Page 18

!PPENDIX"&UEL3PECICATIONS

RON (Research Octane Number) 96.2

MON (Motor Octane Number) 87.2

R+M/2 (RON + MON/2) 91.7

EtOH (Ethanol) 10.2%

Benzene 0.48%

Toluene 2.0%

0ARAFNS 64.7%

/LENS 6.2%

Aromatics 18.6%

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Contact your AMSOIL Dealer for more information on AMSOIL products or to place an order. You may alsoORDERDIRECTBYCALLING!-3/),).#ATANDPROVIDINGTHEREFERRALNUMBERLISTEDHERE

Referral #_________________________________

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