f.y b.com cc ppt 1
TRANSCRIPT
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COMMERCIAL
COMMUNICATION
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DEFINITIONS:
(1) Communication is an
exchange of facts, ideas,
opinions of emotions bytwo or more persons.
-William Newma &
Charles summer
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(2) Communication is the process ofpassing information andunderstanding from one person toother person.
-Keith Davis
(3) Communication is any behaviour
that result in an exchange ofmeaning.
- The AmericanManagement Association
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PROCESS OF
COMMUNICATION:
Communication is atwo way process, in which theremust be two parties: the sender
& receiver. In order to pas on ortransfer an idea a person useswords, symbols, colours, signs,picture, gesture, sounds etc.which convey the idea
The process of communication isa seven step procedure:
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(1)Sender
(2)Enconding
(3)Message -
(4)Channel
- (5)Deconding
(6)Receiver
(7)Feedback
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(1)Sender:
- The process of communicationis invited by the sender who
has an idea to convey
(2) Encoding:- Clear about the purpose or
objective
- Must choose a language or non
verbal signs or symbols for
message
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(3) Message:
- the receiver should get the
message loud & clear for
communication to happen.
- written or spoken.
- verbal signs, sounds, gestures
etc
(4) Channel ( medium ):
- uses proper channel or medium
- medium depend on message
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(5) Deconding:
- The receiver decodes the
message after receiveng it.
- Attaching or grasping
meaning to the written words.
i.e: language or symbols.
(6) Receiver:
- End of the cycle of
communication.
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(7) Feedback:- Receiver response.- received the message.
properly or not.
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AIMS OR OBJECTIVES OFCOMMUNICATION:
(1)Knowledge
(2)Information
(3)Counselling(4)Request
(5)Warning(6)Advice
(7)Rasining Moral
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(8) Persuasion
(9)Appeal
(10)Report
(11)Motivation(12) Order
(13)
Suggestion(14) Complaint
(15) Instruction
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FORMS OF
COMMUNICATION:
(a)Verbal communication:
(1)Oral communication:-Getting desired result
-Immediate rplay
-Very effective face to face-Two way process in full
operation
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(2) Written communication:
- Most effective
- Get the exact & same
meaning
- Letters, circulars, notice,
memos,reports, minutes,
advertisement & poster
(3) Communication through-four language skill:-
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a. Listening
b. Readingc. Writing
d. Speaking
(4) Advantages oral communication:- Face to face conversation effective.
- Feedback response immediately.
- Misunderstanding & confusion is
avoided
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- The workers are motivated- Friendly atmosphere
(5) Limitations of oral
communication:- It is not prove
- No documentary evidences
- Receiver can not rememberthe message accurately for a
long time
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-Forget imporatant details
- Invite troubles
- No legal validity
- Time passes in talks- Many discussions & no
decisions are taken
-Difficult to give responsibilityto anyone for a mistake
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- It can be kept for a longer
time.
- It can be referred in future
- It has legal validity in field
of commerce.- Documentary evidences
- Cheapest communication.
(6) Advantages of written
communication:
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(7) LIMITATIONS OF WRITTEN
COMMUNICATION
- More time consuming
- Immediate feedback is not
possible- Write back and wait for the
answers
- Sender and receiver shouldknow the same language
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(b.)Non verbal
communication:
-Non verbal communication is acommunication that involves neither
written nor spoken words.
-It is also known as visual
communication .
-This communication concerned with such
things as
Body movements, Gestures, Facial
expressions, Postures, Space, Time,
Symbols & Sign, Voice Tone, Colour etc.
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IMPORTANCE OF NON VERBAL
COMMUNICATION
(1) Non-verbal methods are used to support or
enhance whenever we speak and to express &
demonstrate a point. A speaker uses facialexpressions, movement of hands and body
posture to enrich the meaning of words.
(2) Non-verbal methods have a quick effect on
the mind of the receiver for example a red light
at the traffic signal instantly indicates the
person to stop.
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(3) Non-verbal communication is highly
effective when people have no time to read
sentencesespecially on the highway the
driver looks for the various symbols and
decides his route and gets information about
the direction-, distance, speed etc.
(4) Maps, charts, graphs, symbols arevery
necessary to convey ideas related to places,data, directions etc. They support and
consolidate the written data.
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(5) Visuals on the television or any
screen are more interesting than mere
words and hold attention.This provesthat human beings, respond more
naturally to pictures/sounds and
colours.
(6)Visuals or pictorial displays or
posters are impressive and
immediately understood. They are-highly effective to convey important
information especially for
uneducated people.
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Types of non-verbal communication:
1.Body language :The most popularly studied
area ofnon-verbal communication is body
language. The study of body movements as
related to speech is called kinesics.Kinesics is the study of the body's
movements. It is the manner in which the
body communicates without words. A
person communicates by the movementof eyes, face, hands, shoulders and by
other such physical movements, we send
message to others.
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The outward body movement reflect true inner
feeling ofa person. Our eyes and facial features
convey happiness, surprise, fear, anxiety, pain, stress
and worry.
Face is a part of body where a person looks first -
for the expressions. Bye contact with=a person also
sends many messages like nervousness, shyness,embarrassment and even anger. The other parts of
the body like hands, legs, head and arms convey
certain thins though gestures. When a person is
angry he pounds his fist on the table, similarly there
are sings signs sings Indicating whether somethingis 'fine', 'OK' ornot proper. Thus we can say that
body movements of a person speak louder than
words.
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(2)Para language :Para means 'as'
or 'like', therefore para language
means 'like language'. It talks about
signals, and other vocal clues with
speaker's voice that give us meaning.
Para language does not consist of
words but is about how words arespoken.
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(3)Time and space language :
Time
and space languages is other
type or means of non-verbal
communication. Time Languagemeans the meaning which we
attach to time, that is, we
symbolize time andcommunicate to others what
time means to us.
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All of us have heard the
popular saying ormaxim "Time is Money" we
send out such message about time and
importance of time through time language.
Whenever apersondoes something he
definitely takes time into consideration.Whenever term leaders ormangers set goals for
themselves orthe organization they calculate
the time required to achieved them, The term
'Time Management' has become famous
Specially with regards to business consultants
and professionals.
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Whether a person is a
teacher, student, doctor or a house wife(homemaker) he / she is definitely aware
of the worth of time. While people in the
east arehaving more relaxed approachabout time, people in the western
countries are very particular about time.
With each person, there fs a time languageasthere is a body language and space
language.
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(4)Space language :
As body language iscalled 'kinesics1, proxemics is the
study of how we communicate with
the space around us. We will have tofix or decidethe distance between us
and the person or persons with
whom we wish to communicate. This
distance or proximity can be stated as
follows.
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(1) Intimate -Physical contact to 18 inches.
(2) Personal -18 inches to 4 feet.
(3) Social - 4 to 12: feet.
(4) Public - 12 feet to the range of eyes andhearing.
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(5)Sign Language :
A sign is a markor a symbol used as a
representation of something; for
example + for 'plus' or 'addition'-for subtraction and a skull and
cross-bones for 'dangers'. A sign
is visual and has a fixed or preconceived meaning.
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In order to understand the
sign language, a person should have a
certain amount of previous knowledge ortraining. Signs areuseful in communication
of simple but important ideas. For example
a sign through hand to someone whowants to enter or to stop someone who
speaks too much, are simple signs but ore
very useful. Similarly signs on the boardson the boards on the highways or a red or
green flag are popular signs for people to
understand.
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ADVANTAGES OF NON VERBAL
COMMUNICATION:-
(1) It is supplements verbal communication.
i.e. along with words gestures, facial
expression variety and types, it has alsoadvantages and also limitations .
(2)Whenever a person is unable to speak
with words or wants to avoid speakingthan gestures, movement of hands and
fingers help him to convey.
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(3) On the basis of persons body
language and para language we cannow about this educational
background.
(4)P
ronunciation and body languagetell about a persons regional
background.
(5) Through space language a person
shows as to what type of
relationship he wants to build up
with the other person.
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(6) Time language shows a persons
sense of timing and the value heattaches to time.
* LIMITATIONS OF NON VERBAL
COMMUNICATION:-
(1)We can not totally rely on non
verbal communication, because manya times gestures and signs could be
vague and inconsistent.
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(2)The way of talking speed and pitch may
sometimes unnecessary make thereceiver of the message biased.
(3) Non verbal symbols are supplements of
verbal communication and if used
without words they may offend thereceiver.
(4) Space language or proximal is different
in different cultures. So what is true of
one culture may not be applicable toanother. so communication can not be
effective.
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