fungi
DESCRIPTION
Fungi. Fungi. First fungi were probably flagellated. First fossils – 480 million years ago (Ordovician Period) Molecular Clock suggests 1 billion years ago (Precambrian). General Characteristics. Primarily terrestrial Filamentous hyphae coenocytic septate mycelium haustoria. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Fungi First fungi were
probably flagellated. – First fossils – 480
million years ago (Ordovician Period)
– Molecular Clock suggests 1 billion years ago (Precambrian).
General Characteristics Primarily
terrestrial Filamentous
– hyphae coenocytic septate
– mycelium– haustoria
General Characteristics(animal-like)
Heterotrophic– absorption
(saprobes)– parasitic– mutualistic
Cell Wall: Chitin Store sugar as
glycogen
Fungal Reproduction Asexual
– haploid spores (conidia/sporangia) Sexual
– plasmogamy (dikaryon)– karyogamy (diploid)– Syngamy (diploid)
Fungal ClassificationChytrids
Nuclerariids ZygomycetesFungi
Opisthokonts GlomeromycetesChoanoflagellates AscomycetesAnimals
Basidiomycetes
Division: Chytrids
Have flagella Coenocytic hyphae or unicellular Cell wall: chitin Saprobes or parasites May be most primitive fungi
Division: Zygomycota Coenocytic Fungi Mostly terrestrial (live
on decaying material Example: Rhizopus
(Black bread mold) Uses: birth control pills,
meat tenderizers, margarine coloring
Division: Glomeromycetes Arbuscular mycorrhizae
– Coenocytic Fungi– Mutualistic - associated
with plant roots– increases surface area
for the absorption of water and nutrients
Diviison: Ascomycetes Septate fungi (sac
fungi) Saprobes, mutualistic Examples: Dutch Elm
Disease, yeasts, truffles, some molds
Uses: pathogens, food, cooking
Division: Ascomycetes(Deuteromycota)
Imperfect fungi (no sexual cycle) Examples: Penicillium, Aspergillus, Predatory fungi
Division: Basidiomycetes Septate Fungi (Club
fungi) Saprobes, parasites,
mutualistic Examples: mushrooms,
toadstools, puffballs, shelf fungi, rusts, smuts
Uses: Food
Lichen Mutualistic -
association with a green algae or cyanobacteria and an ascomycota or basidiomycota
Pioneer organisms
Microsporidia Are they Fungi?
– Parasitic Loss of organelles Tiny organelles derived
from mitochondria– Cause disease in people
with immune deficiency– Used as pest control