SCIENCEFRIDAY, JULY 26, 1918

CONTENTSAmerican Association for the Advancement ofScience:-Funds for Research in Astronomy: PRO-FESSOR CHARLES IR. CROSS ................ 75

Geological Terms in Geographical Descrip-tions: PROFESSOR W. M. DAVIS .............. 8-1

Armand Thevenin: PROFESSOR ROY L. MOODIE. 84

Scientific Events:-

The Katmai Expedition of the NationalGeographic Society; The Brooklyn BotanicGarden; The Chemical Warfare Service;The Organization of Physicians for WarService; The Sterling Bequest to Yale Uni-versity; Memorial to Josiah Boyce ......... 84

Scientific Notes and News ................. 88

University and Educational News .......... 91

Discussion and Correspondence:-

The Supply of Organic Reagents: DR. C. E.K. MEES. Fireflies Flashing in Unison: ED-WARD S. MORSE. The Fero Man and theSabre Tooth: DR. G. R. WIELAND ............... 91

Scientific Books:-

Seward's Fossil Plants: PROFESSOR EDWARDW. BERRY .............................. 94

Special Articles:-

The Glass Sanids of Pennsylvania: CHAS. P.FETTKE......................................98

MSS. intended for publication and books, etc., intended forreview should be sent to The Editor of Science, Garrison-on-Hudson, N. Y.

AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR THEADVANCEMENT OF SCIENCECOMMITTEE OF ONE HUNDRED

FUNDS FOR RESEARCEI IN ASTRO'NOMYWHEN drawing up the report upon Research

Funds made to the American Association inDece-mber, 1915, and subsequently printed inSCIENCE there seemed to the committee to begood reason for believing that it would be ad-visable to place the data relative to astronom-ical observatories in a separate article, to-gether with certain additionial facts whichwould be of value to those particularly inter-ested in astronomical research.For this reasoin a circular letter of inquiry,

dated February 1, 1917, was sent to the prin-cipal American observatories asking a reply tothe following questions in each case:

1. What are the principal and annual inter-est of observatory funds available for researchas distinguished from teaching and what frac-tion of the inconme as far as can be estimatedmay be credited to research?

2. What are the stated publications of theobservatory or other papers indicating the re-sults of researches accomplished?The replies to this letter are uniformly clear

and full. Abstracts of them are given belowwith data taken in some cases from official pub-lications. It is thought that this form of pres-entation is preferable to a mere tabulationinasmuch as a more definite idea may therebybe secured as to the conditions which obtainin each of the observatories concerned. Espe-cially does this seem desirable in that thoseiniterested in astronomy though not profes-sionally engaged in its pursuit may find abrief but intelligible statement of what pro-vision has been made in this country up tothe present for the actual advancement of thescience by research.The undersigned will be glad to receive cor-

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rectionls of any oiissi(ons or errors in state-inent.

Dudley Observatory, Albany, N. Y. BenjaminBoss, Director.1. Principal of Observatory Funds, $1 40),000.

Interest $6,300, wholly devotedl to research, ini-eludinig miiscellaneous runining expenses.

Appropriation received fromn the Cariiegie Insti-tutioii (department of meridian astrometrv);$29,656 annually is entirely devoted to research,with the exception of $1,500 appropriated for nis-cellaneous purposes.

2. The researches of the observatory are largelyprinted in the Astronomical Journal which is pub-lished by the observatory, and which is, moreover,a general organ for astronomy in the United States.Researches have also been published separately bythe observatory and by the Clarnegie Institution,not in serial form.

Amherst College Observatory, Amherst, Mass.David Todd, Director.1. No funds available for research are possessed

by the observatory.Ten astronomical expeditions have, however, been

undertaken by it, eight for total solar eclipse ob-servations. The funds requisite for these weresupplied from various sources, among which werethe National Academy of Sciences, the UnitedStates government and the Alumni of AmherstCollege.

2. The observatory has no funds available forpublication.The results of the researches referred to above

have been published by the Smithsonian Institu-tion and in the Astronomical Journal, the MonthlyNotices of the Royal Astronomical Society andthe Astrophysical Journal.

Detroit Observatory, University of Michigan, AnnArbor, Michigan. Wm. Joseph Hussey, Director.1. Supported by annual appropriations made

through board of regents of the university, withoccasional gifts from interested friends of the ob-servatory.

2. Investigations are printed in The Publicationsof the Observatory. Two volumes have been issuedthus far.

Si udents' Observatory, University of California,Berkeley, Calif. Armiin 0. Leuschner, Director.1. No enidownment devoted exclusively to astro-

nomical research. This is maintained so far aspecuniarv aid is concerned by funds available fromannual budget of laboratories (about $300 forequipment) and private gifts. About one quarter

of the tilmie of members of the staff is available forresearch. Special gralnts from university fundsare made to individuals on recommendation of aresearch board. Great aid has been given fromthe Watson- Fund of the National Academy ofSciences.

2. Results of researches are published in Pub-licationis and Bulletinis of Lick Observatory, anldin Memuoirs of the National Academy.The principal ineed of the observatory, the re-

searches in which are theoretical, is that of trainedresearch assistants and computers, which is nowiet to some extent by gradua-te students. "IThere

is a crying need for income from regular endow-imient. Library facilities are amply available.MIany important problems in theoretical astron-omy and celestial mechanics can not be tackledunitil endowed research assistantships are avail-able. The country needs a bureau for theoreticalresearch, for numerical investigation of problemsof motion, solar and stellar systems, including inthe latter binaries, visual, spectroscopic, variable,etc. This important branch of astronomical sci-eince is sadly neglected. It should be kept apacewith the work of the great observatories."Harvard College Observatory, Cambridge, Mass.Edward C. Pickering, Director.1. Principal of funds, July 1, 1915, $860,659.03.

IIncome for preceding year, $53,808.15. Entire in-comne is devoted to research.

. Publications:Annals, quarto, of about two hundred fifty

pages each; seventy-seven volumes are com-plete, six in process of publication.

Circulars, quarto, one to four pages, two hundredissued.

Bulletins, octavo, one page, six hundred twenty-four issued.

Annual Report, octavo, ten to fifteen pages, lastissued the seventieth.

Several Reports of the Visiting Committee andnumerous miseellaneous pamphlets, generallyoctavo.

Students7 Astronomical Laboratory, Harvard Uni-versity, Cambridge, Mass. Robert W. Willson,Professor of Astronomy.1. Is primarily intended for teaching the sci-

ence to undergraduate and graduate students. Acertain amount of research is carried on, but nostated appropriation therefor is made.Leander McCormick Observatory, University of

Virginiia University, Charlottesville, Va. Sam-ue*l Alfred MIitchell, Director.

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1. No permanlent research fund. There are atpresent available for research and thus used the"Special Adams Fellowship" from Columbia Uni-versity for five years, giving $1,000 per year, de-voted to determiniation of stellar parallax byphotography; and temporary grants from theSmith Fund of the National Academy of Sciences,for meteor research, that for the present year be-ing $300.

2. The Publications of the Leander MeCormiekObservatory now in its second volume.

University Observatory, University of Cincinnati,Cincinnati, Ohio. Jermain G. Porter, Director.1. No definite provision made for research.

Laws Observatory, University of Missouri, Colum-bia, Mo. Robert H. Baker, Director.1. No definite income specially devoted to re-

search. A certain amount is available for appro-priations for laboratory purposes in conlnectionwith teaching.

2. Publications: Laws Observatory Bulletin,printed at expense of university. Twenty-eightnumbers issued thus far and three additional are inpress (February 26, 1917). These are paid forout of the general printing fund of the university.The observatory has under way the investiga-

tion of a list of eclipsing variable stars by theextra-focal photographic method. The photographic results already accumulated are far in ad-vance of measurements and computations, so thatthere is great need of funds for seeuring suitableassistance for these purposes.

Emerson. McMini Observatory, Ohio State Uni-versity, Columbus, Ohio. Henry C. Lord, Di-rector.1. No funds available for research as distin-

guished from teaching.2. No stated publications.

Dearborn Observatory, Northwestern University,Evanston, Ill. Philip Fox, Director.1. Research Fund of $1,500; a gift from the

Chicago Astronomical Society.Maintenance of observatory and salaries met by

the university. Annual appropriation for equip-ment of $300. It is estimated that about half ofsalary appropriations, amounting at present to$4,975, may be credited to research.

2. Earlier researches have been published invarious astronomical periodicals, which will con-tinue to be the case to a certain extent.One volume of Annals of the Dearborn Observa-

tory published thus far, and it is expected to issueothers later.

Lowell Observatory, Flagstaff, Arizona. GuyLowell, Trustee.1. Constitution of astronomical staff and amount

of funds available for research are not at presentdetermined pending the settlement of the estate ofthe late Professor Percival Lowell.

2. Publicatiions:Lowell Observatory Annals.Lowell Observatory Bulletins.Lowell Observatory Memoirs.Lowell Observatory Observation Circulars.Results of observations are frequently published

in astronomical journals.Shattuck Observatory, Dartmouth College, Han-

over, N. H. John M. Poor, Director.1. Aside from salary of director for teaching

paid by trustees of the college, there are availableannuially $100 from "Library" Fund and $400 in-come from permanent fund of $10,000 for instru-mental and library equipment. The college has attimes paid a graduate student for part-time serv-ice as a computer. "The one thing needed hereis assistaniee to do computing and routine work,"the lack of which holds back greatly the progressof research which otherwise might be carried out.

2. The observatory has no stated publications.Papers from it have been printed in the Astrophys-ical Journal and Astronomische Nachrichten.Cornell Untiversity Observatory, Cornell University,

Ithaca, N. Y. Eugene E. Haskell, Dean of Col-lege of Civil Engineering.1. The new observatory is but recently com-

pleted. There is no endowment for research. Thework at present is almost wholly instruction.WFashburn Observatory, University of Wisconsin,

Maadison, Wis. George C. Comstock, Director.1. No specific fund available for research.2. Publications of the Washburn Observatory.

Twelve volumes issued.Fan Fleck Observatory, Wesleyan University,Middletown, Conn. Frederick Slocum, Director.1. No special research fund as yet provided, as

it is only a short time since the new observatorywas finished.

2. Results of the researches of the directorhave been published in various astronomical andastrophysical journals.

Lick Observatory, University of California, MountHamilton, California. William W. Campbell, Di-rector.1. Devoted exclusively to research. There is no

formal teaching. Several graduate fellowships are

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maintained by the uniiversity, the holders of which,usuallv for three years, are in training for pro-fessional astronomers. In the last year of their fel-lowship they habitually (levote their whole time totheir own investigations as a basis for their Ph.D.thesis. There is also asvailable for a like purposethe MNartin Kellogg Fellowsliip, income $1,200 peraninum, the holder of which must have received thedegree of Ph.D. or its equivalent.The observatory is mainly supported by an an-

nual appropriation fromi the regents of the uni-versity of approximately $33,000.

The D. 0. Mills Expedition to the SouthernHemisphere, a temiiporary branch of the Lick Oh-servatory, is maintained by direct personal giftsfrom friends of astroniomv amouinting to about$7,000 per year.

2. The researches of the Lick Observatory arePrintedI in the followinig:

Publicntions, AVols. I. XII., 4to, 1887-1914.Bulletins, Aols. I.-IX., 4to, 1901-1917.Contributions Svo, Nos. 1-5, 1889-18905 (now

discontinued).Moon Atlas, 1897.

Maria Mitchell Observatory, Nantucket, Mass.Margaret Harwood, Director.1. Principal of Observatory Funds, $38,100;

annual initerest $1,730 approximately. Nine tenthsof the income may be credited to researchl.

2. Results of researches are published- by theHarvard College Observatory in its Ainnals.

Winchesfer Obser-vatory, Yale University, NewHaven, Conn. Mason F. Smith in charge.1. No teaching is done at the observatorv. The

total funds, $450,000, are applicable to research andnaintenaniee but are at present subject to largeaninuity charges. Income for 1916 was $13,000.

2. Researches are printed from observatoryfunds as menioirs.

Coltmbia University Observatory, New York, N.Y. Harold Jacoby, Professor of Astronomily.1. Participates in research funds of the univer-

sity.

Smith College Observatory, Smith College, North-ampton, Mass. Harriet WV. Bigelow, Professorof Astronomy.1. NTo enidowment for research. "Computing

Fund"II of $100 annually is used for assistance inpreparing observa-tions of the observatory for puh-licationi. AW7ork is linmited closely to teaching.

2. "Comet Observations'' from the observatoryhave appeared in the Astronomisehe Nachrichtea

anld the Astronomical Journal, in about fifteennumbers.

Goodsell Observatory, Carleton College, North-field, Minn. Herbert C. Wilson, Director.1. No funds specifically devoted to research.For several years past the college has made ap-

propriations of small amiaounts for this purpose.Aid ($650) has also been received during the pasttwo years from the AVatson Fund of the NationalAca(lemy of Sciences, to assist the work of the di-rector in determ1ining the photographic positions ofasteroids.

2. Five numbers of Publicatiolns of the Good-sell Observatory have been issued, 1890-1917, thecost of which h-as been defrayed mostly by pri-vate subscription, and in part from the earningsof the magazine Popular Astronomy. The collegewill publish future researches if not too costly.Wheaton College Observctory, Wheaton College,

Norton, Mass. Laura M. Lundin, Assistant Pro-fessor of Mathematies, in charge.1. At present devoted wholly to purposes of in-

struction.Dominion Astronomical Observatory, Ottawa, Can-

ada. Otto Klotz, Director.1. Work of observatory is wholly research anid

is supported by direct vote of public moniey.2. Publications of the Dominion Astronomical

Observatory issued froin time to time.

Mounat Wilson Solar Observatory, Pasadena, Cali-fornia. George E. Hale, Director.1. Appropriation from Carnegie Institution for

1917, $178,294, eintirely devoted to research.The appropriation stated above includes salaries,

current expenses and provision for considerableadditions to buildings and equipment, includingconulpletion of 100-inch telescope.

2. Publications:1. Short Communications, which appear from

time to time in the Proceedings of the Na-tional Academy of Sciences.

2. Longer Contributions, most of which appearin the Astrophysical Journal. Six volumesof Coontributions lhave already been pub-lished.

3. Publications in quarto form, issued by theCarnegie Institution of WVashinigton, con-taining the details of extensive investiga-tions. Few publications of this characterhave yet been issued.

Flower Astronomical Observatory, University ofPeinnsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa. Eric Doolittle,Director.

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1. No funds especially assigned to research asdistinct from teaching, though a large part of thelabor of the director and his assistant is devotedto research.

2. Publications of the Flower AstronomicalObservatory.

Three complete volumes, each consisting of threeparts, have been issued, and also Part 1 of a fourthvolume.

Various papers by members of the staff are pub-lishedl in astroinomical journals.

Allegheny Observatory, University of Pittsburgh,Pittsburgh, Pa. Frank Schlesiniger, Director.1. The institution is wholly devoted to research.

Aninual income at present is $13,500.2. Publications of the Allegheny Observatorv

contain nmost of its researches. Occasional paperspublished in Astrophysical Journal, AstronomicalJournal, etc.

Vassar College Observatory, Poughkeepsie, N. Y.Caroline E. Furness, Director.1. Research fund, $2,000, yielding about $100

per annum, and not available for academic work orapparatus for students.

2. Publications of Vassar College Observatory.Three volumes have thus far appeared.

Princeton University Observatory, Princeton, N. J.Henry Norris Russell, Director.1. Total funds appropriated as follows:Thaw Fellowship, principal $10,000, annual in-

come $500.Annual gift for research of $1,000 from Mr. A.

D. Russell promised until 1919.Half of annual budget of department from uni-

versity, which may be credited to research, a mini-mum estimate, $3,200.

Total, $4.700 per annum.2. Contributionis from the Princeton University

Observatory. Four numbers thus far published-300 quarto pages-dealing with variable stars.

Articles published in Astrophysical Journal, As-tronomical Journal, Monthly Notices R. A. S. andother journals.The material published by the Observatory dur-

ing the past five years amounts to very nearly 500pages, dealing with variable stars, especiallyeclipsing variables, stellar statistics and evolutioni,planetary albedo and various other subjects.

Ladd Observatory, Brown University, Providence,R. I. Roland G. D. Richardson, Acting Director.1. Is devoted to teaching only.

Blue Hill Observatory, Harvard Uniiversity, Read-ville, Mass. Alexander MeAdie, Director.1. Devoted wholly to research. Research fund

of $50,000, yielding incoine of $2,300 annually,applicable to maintenance of observatory and re-search.

2. Results of investigations published in theAnnals of Harvard College Observatory.Sayre Observatory, Lehigh University, South

Bethlehem, Pa. Charles L. Thornburg, Pro-fessor of Mathematics and Astronomy.1. None.2. No stated organ of publicatioa for occasional

papers.John Payson Williston Observatory, Mount Hol-yoke College, South Hadley, Mass. Anne S.Young, Director.1. No permannent funds available for research.2. Work accomplished, a portion of which has

been in cooperation with workers in some other ob-servatory, has been published in various places.Sproul Observatory, Swarthmore College, Swarth-

more, Pa. John A. Miller, Director.1. No permanent research funds.The work of the observatory is chiefly carried

on by teachers of the college and is sustained byappropriations from the college and outsidesources.

2. Publications of Sproul Observatory. Fournumbers issued, chiefly devoted to stellar parallax.Department of Astrono?n/, Uiniversity of Arizona,

Tucson, Arizona. Andrew E. Douglass, Pro-fessor of Physics and Astronomy.1. Department of astronomy is in process of or-

ganization.The university possesses a fund of $10,000, the

income of which is available for the purchase ofinstruments of precision.A certain amount of astronomical research is

in progress.

University of Illinois Observatory, Urbana, Ill.Joel Stebbins, Director.1. Observatory is supported entirely by current

appropriations from university.Of these $3,000 per annum, including proportion

of salaries and expenses, may properly be chargedto research.

2. Scientific results published principally inAstrophysical Journal.

Domvinion, Astrophysical Observatory, Victoria, B.C. J. S. Plaskett, Director.1. This observatory is devoted entirely to re-

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search and no teaching is engaged in. It is sup-ported by the Dominioni Government, but as it isonly very recently established, and is neither fullyequipped nior staffed, its iincome is not yet fixed.The sum of $7,500 was granted for maintenanceand additional equipment, and from this the sal-aries of secretary and engineer have to be paid.Salaries of the scientifie, staff are provided from aseparate vote, so that the total inicomiie for the cur-rent fiscal year may be puit at $13,000.

2. The work of the observatory will be issued inthe form of separate publications as completed.These. will probably be priinted at the GovernimentPriinting Bureau, and their cost will be chargedagainst the maintenance appropriation.

U. S. Naval Observatory, Vashington, D. C. Ad-miral Thomas B. Howard, U. S. N., Snuperind-ent.1. Work of the observatory is entirely provided

for by appropriations made by Congress. Thiscovers observational data for and preparation ofastronomical tables and other material and pub-lication of the American Ephemeris and NauticalAlmanac, provision of a longitude station, distri-bution of correct time, the care of all navigationinistruments for navy, coast guard and lighthouseservice. Also, for 1918 the cost of special eclipseexpedition.

2. Publications of the U. S. Naval Observatory.Second Series, Vol. IX., now in press. Earlierpapers, 1845 to 1891, published in a series of vol-umes, mostly annual.

Nautical Almanac Office publishes annually theAmerican Ephemeris and Nautical Almanac andthe American Nautical Almanac and AstronomicalPapers of the American Ephemeris, irregularly.Also an Annual Report.An Annual Report of the Naval Observatory is

also published.

Astrophysical Observatory, Smithsonian Institu-tion, Washington, D. C. Charles G. Abbot, Di-rector.1. The entire income of about $13,000 per annum

is appropriated by annual acts of Congress, and isdevoted wholly to research.

Publiciations comprise:2. Annual Reports of the Director to the Secre-

tary of the Smithsonian Institution printed inSmithsonian Report.

Occasional papers by members of the staff gen-erally printed in Smithsonian Institution Miscel-laneous Collectionis.

Annals, published by Act of Congress from time

to time and printed by the Government PrintingOffice. Three quarto volumes have thus far ap-peared in 1900, 1908, 1913.

Whitin Observatory, Wellesley College, Wellesley,Mass. John C. Dunean, Director.1. No fund for research as distinct from teach-

ing.2. Papers by members of the staff published

chiefly in Astrophysical Journal and Popular As-tronomy.

Yerk-es Observatory, University of Chicago, Wil-liams Bay, Wis. Edwin B. Frost, Director.1. Income ($34,000) applied principally to re-

search but in part to teaching. Four fifths, asnearly as can be estimated, of the total income isexpended in research.

2. Publications:Publications of the Yerkes Observatory, quarto.

Vols. I. and II. have appeared; Vol. IV., Part 1, isin type and will soon be issued. Parts 1 and 2 ofVol. III. will be sent out at the same time, withoutfurther waiting for the completion of the volume.The Astrophysical Journal, of which the director

is managing editor, is employed as the medium ofpublication of the more important astrophysicalwork. Astrometric and other observational work,classified under astronomy of position, is pub-lished chiefly in the Astronomical Journal, al-though some communications are sent to theMonthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical So-ciety. Communications of a more popular interestare frequently sent to Popular Astronomy.The Student's Observatory of the University of

Chicago is organized as a part of the general de-partment of astronomry and has no separate ap-propriations.

Hopkins Observatory. Field Memorial Observa-tory, Williams College, Williamstown, Mass.Willis I. Milham, Director.1. No definite provision made for research.

It will be observed from the data obtainedthat contrary to the impression which is gen-erally prevalent among the public the fundswhich are directly and statedly available forastronomical research are far from being large.Very few of the observatories are adequatelyendowed and most of them rely for their main-tenance upon regular grants from the univer-sities with which they are connected. Whilein the case of the greater institutions reason-able support is thus virtually guaranteed, with

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the smaller ones there is often much difficultyin securing the funds which are essential toefficient work. A considerable initial equip-mnent may fail to give the results that miglhtbe expected because of inability to procure au-x-iliary apparatus, to secure suitable assistaiieein making or reducing observations, or to paynecessary expenses of publication.

Furthermore, attention should be called toan importanit fact which is referred to in someof the more detailed answers to the questionisof the circular and which has been emphasizedin earlier considerations of the subject of aidfor astronomical research made by the chair-man of the Committee of Onie Hundred.The help most needed in a large majority of

cases is found to be that of a trained assistantto aid in any and all the duties whieh arecalled for from an astronomner and espeeiallyin computing and other routine work. Forsueh purpose a person not subject to the dis-tractions affecting the ordiinary graduate stu-dent is desirable. To furnish an observatorywith well-equipped aid of this character wouldoften increase its output by an amount far inexcess of the necessary outlay.

CHARLES R. CROSS, Chairman,Subcommittee on Research Funds

GEOLOGICAL TERMS IN GEOGRAPH-ICAL DESCRIPTIONS

LAST January Dr. John L. Rich, of the Uni-versity of Illinois-now Captain in the In-telligence Division of the War Department-sent a letter to SCIENCE expressing his regretthat no mention of geological dates was madein a geographical article on the "Block Moun-tains of New Zealand," by Dr. C. A. Cotton,of Victoria College, Wellington. I have beenwaiting to see if other geologists would sup-port Captain Rich's view, or if any geograph-ers would take sides with Dr. Cotton; but thediscussion has not been continued. As Dr.Cotton was more or less influenced in hismethod of presentation by several conferen-ces that we had on this subject during an ex-cursion with Professor James Park, of Dune-din, across the New Zealand block-mountaindistrict in 1914, I wish to say a few words on

tlhe principles that his method of presentationinvolves.The first point to bear in mind is that geo-

logical science is much more actively culti-vated by trained experts, and is thereforemuch further developed than geographicalscience. The second point is that the develop-ment of geographical science will be best pro-moted if geographers follow a discipline oftheir owin, by giving the same single-mindedattention to geography that physicists give tophysics, astronomers to astronomy, philol-ogists to philology, and so on. The thirdpoint is that the best methods of preparinggeographical descriptions are still in discus-sion, and hence experiment on various meth-ods, each onle consciously analyzed and in-tenitionally adopted for the time being, is ahelpful means of discovering the kind of treat-ment best adapted for various needs.

Cotton's article is an a(lmirable experimentin the analytic, systematic and regional treat-ment of a geographical problem. It is to behoped we may have many more pure geo-graphical cultures of this kind. The gainthat such articles contribute to the imperfectlydeveloped science of geography fully com-pensates, in my opinion, for any loss that theomission of geological dates entails upon thethriving science of geology. Cotton's successmust therefore not be measured by the dis-satisfaction that his article may create amonggeologists, but by the satisfaction that it cre-ates among geographers. They should recog-nize that this excellent study gives, after acareful historical review of the problem underdiscussion, a critical analysis of the origin ofthe Block M-fountains; that the results of theanalysis are systematized or standardized suffi-ciently for New Zealand needs; that the sys-tematized standards are effectively used inthe final pages on regional description; andthat the graphic illustration of all its parts isexceptionally good. The only adverse com-ment that I am disposed to make is that theunlikenesses of the three phases of work, ana-lytic, systematic and regional, are hardlyenough emphasized to imlpress them upon thereader; and that the introduction of some

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COMMITTEE OF ONE HUNDRED: FUNDS FOR RESEARCH IN ASTRONOMYCharles R. Cross

DOI: 10.1126/science.48.1230.75 (1230), 75-81.48Science 

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