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SWrucWural Analysis of HisWorical ConsWrucWions – Jerzy Jasieńko (ed) © 2012 DPNH ProcławH PolandH ISSN 0860-2395H ISBN 978-83-7125-216-7

ANAiYSIS OF THE TERRITORIAi iAYOUT OF BREST-iITOVSKI EXIV-XVI CENTURYFN frena iawrowsâaO ABSTRACT =qhe= architecturaä= heritaÖe= çf= the= läd= BrestJiitçvsâ= was= destrçóed= in= the= nineteenth= centuróK= iiâe=manó=çther=histçric=cities= äçcated=between=the=rivers=BuÖ=and=anieperI= it=has=been=nçt=óet=subject=tç=a=thçrçuÖh=archaeçäçÖicaä=anaäósis= as= tç=urban=päanninÖK= pince=manó=çf= tçdaó’s= architects= and=urban=päanners= appäó= in= the= drastic= methçds= çf= spatiaä= desiÖn= withçut= taâinÖ= intç= cçnsideratiçn= the=mçrphçÖenesis=çf=the=çäd=tçwnI=it=maâes=such=a=research=in=future= impçssibäeI=as=there=is=a=threat=çf=irretrievabäe=äçsses=çf=the=histçric=urban=cçmpäexes=çf=the=çäd=tçwnK=jeanwhiäe=the=advance=çf=cçmputer=technçäçÖies=çpens=up=new=vistas=fçr=researchersI=faciäitatinÖ=the=prçcess=çf= inteÖratiçn=and=cçmparisçn=çf=the=previçusäó=stçred=data=with= the=cçntempçraró=Öeçdesic=mapsI= sateääite= imaÖesPK= qhese= èuite= inexhaustibäe= pçssibiäities= evçâe= mçdest= çptimism=that= mçdern=technçäçÖies=can=speed=up=the=urban=research=çf=devastated=citesK==pateääite=mappinÖ=technçäçÖó=prçvides=a=chance=tç=çveräaó=çäd=and=presentJdaó=maps=and=anaäóze=the=chanÖes=çf=urban=spatiaä=fçrms=in=the=cçurse=çf=timeK=puch=technçäçÖies=encçuraÖed=the=authçr=tç=carró=çut=a=research=çf=the=äaóçut=çf=chartered=BrestJiitçvsâQK=qhe=chçice=çf=the=theme=fçr=the=research=was=determined=bó=the=tçwn’s=unièue=rçäe=in=the=histçró=çf=burçpe=as=weää=as=bó=the=fact=çf=its=merciäess=destructiçn=in=NUPRI=numerçus=databases=in=bçth=textuaä=and=cartçÖraphic=sçurcesI= spçradic=resuäts=çf=archaeçäçÖicaä=researches=since=the=tçwn=was=first=mentiçned=in=NMNVRK==qhe=prçpçsed=anaäósis=çf=the=urban=spatiaä=äaóçut=is=based=çn=three=`lkpqAkq=Ecçntrçä=pçintsF=Ethat=are=stabäeI=fçund=in=çäd=päansFK=qhçuÖh=theó=are=actuaääó=amçnÖ=ruined=structures=at=presentI=theó=can=be=easiäó=tracedI=tç=feature=the=spatiaä=pattern=çf=the=fçrmer=äaóçut=çf=the=çäd=BrestJiitçvsâSK=qhe=aim=çf=the= anaäósis= is= tç= studó= the= fçrmer= äaóçut= çf= charted= BrestJiitçvsâK= qhe= authçr= has= presented= and=appäied=in=the=anaäósis=a=methçdçäçÖó=çf=interdiscipäinaró=research=reÖardinÖ=the=çriÖinaä=urban=äaóçut=çf=BrestJiitçvsâ=and=evaäuatiçn=çf=its=devastated=histçric=areaK==Bó=means=çf=deçÖraphic=fnfçrmatiçn=póstems=EdfpF=the=anaäósis=has=been=perfçrmed=çn=the=basis=çf=sçme=seäected=weääJpreserved=cçnstant=pçintsI= cçrreäatinÖ=them=with=thçse=çn=the=avaiäabäe=çäd=tçwn=päansK=qhis=methçd=can=aäsç=be=appäied=in=a=research=çf=a=äaóçut=çf=simiäar=destrçóed=settäementsK==heówordsW aestroóed areaI oesearchI AnaäósisI eistoricaä päansI jeasurementI AreaI

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=As=a=resuätI=the=tçwn=was=divided=intç=zçnes=which=were=subject=tç=the=oussian=äaw=and=the=derman=äawI =respectiveäóK =fn =the =NRth= centuróI=when= the=spatiaä= arranÖement= çf=BrestJiitçvsâ=was= cçmpäetedI=this=divisiçn=päaóed=an=impçrtant=rçäeK==qhe= precedent= with= the= lrthçdçx= `hristians= beinÖ= excäuded= frçm= the= jaÖdeburÖ= iaw= brçâe=the=traditiçnaä= waó= çf= measurinÖ= the= tçwnOTK=A= fence= marâinÖ= the= bçrder= between= the= buiädinÖs= çf= the=lrthçdçx=and=`athçäic= cçmmunities= miÖht= have=been=put=up= in=BrestK= qhat= bçundaró=çf= the=…tçwn=within=the=fence?=was=runninÖ=between=a=stçne=lrthçdçx=`hurch=and=a=bricâ=`athçäic=`hurchI=aäçnÖ=the=streets= with= the=ethnic=namesK=fn= the=nçrthI= it=went= aäçnÖ=whódçwsâa= ptreetI= in= the= west= –= aäçnÖ=ousâaóa=ptreetI=and=in=the=east=it=went=aäçnÖ=kiemetsâa=ptreetK=qhusI=the= eastern=bçrder=çf= the= tçwn= estabäished=bó= the= derman= äawI= used= tç= pass=aäçnÖ= kiemetsâa=ptreetK= AäsçI= it= indicates= the= äçcatiçn= çf= the= eastern= façade= EsanctuaróF= çf= the= `athçäic= churchI= =presented=çn=the=tçwn=päans=çf=NSRTI=NTNMI=NUOPOUK=qhe=data=äet=us=draw=a=cçncäusiçn=that=the=area=çf=the=tçwnI=newäó=estabäished=bó=the=derman=äawI=was=cçnfined=bó=kiemetsâa=ptreetK==BeinÖ=aware=çf=the=fact=that=the=urban=päanninÖ=çf=the=tçwnI=newäó=estabäished=bó=the=derman=äawI=was=perfçrmed= accçrdinÖ= tç= the= cçmmçnI= çften= appäied= schemeI= assuminÖ= that= ânçwäedÖeabäe= and=experienced= men= were= invited= fçr= the= urban= päanninÖI= this= bçrder= äine= is= accepted= as= a= side=çf= the=================================================OS=qhe= charter= was= = siÖned= = in= the= = presenceçf= ‘marszałeâ”= = titçäd= diädóÖaädçn= EpçssibäóW= dieädiÖaädçn= L=

diädiÖaädçne= L= diädóÖaädçnKF= xinWz= fK= hraszewsâiW= lbrazó z żóciaI tiänçI= NUQOK= vçäK=NK= pK=NTTK= jK= açvnarJwapçäsâij= ENUVTF= lpisanie starostva Berestejsâogo 1RSS god= = aescriptiçn= çf= Berestejsâie= starçstwç=NRSS= xinz=açâumentó=jçsâçvsâçÖç=Arhiva=jinisterstva=rsticjiI=EhereinafterW=ajjŬFI=vçäK=NI=jçsâvaI=ppK=OMRJQSTK=

OT=rrszuäa=pçwina=ENVVNFI=pieradzK râład przestrsennó i społeczenstwo miasta w usJusf wKI=tarszawaJpieradzK=pK=OSK=OU=then =in =NQVSI =the =lrthçdçx =`hristians =were =subject =tç =the =ruäe =çf =the =charter =that =had =Öranted =them =tçwn =

riÖhtsI= the=divisiçn=çf=the=„tçwn=within= the=fence”= äçst= its=siÖnificanceK=After= the=fire=in=NSNPI=a=bçrder= äine=between=the=parts=çf=the=settäement=disappearedK=

=

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sèuareI=beäçnÖinÖ=tç=the=äaóçut=çf=BrestK=jçst=äiâeäóI=the=`hurch=çf=the=bxaätatiçn=çf=the=eçäó=`rçss=was=äçcated=çn=the=cçrner=çf=this=sèuareOVK=qhe= fçrm= has= undçubtedäó= been= infäuenced= bó= the= tçwnDs= äçcatiçn=at= the= crçssrçads= çf=majçr= trade=rçutesPMK=qhere=were=fçur=majçr=rçads=crçssinÖ=in=BrestW=siäniusI=hraâçwI=iutsâ=and=`erebuńsâa=rçadsPNK==

= =

FigK NM=qhe=deveäçpment= çf=the=marâet= in=the= secçnd= haäf= çf= the= NSth= centuróI=accçrdinÖ= tç= the= aescriptiçn= çf= NRSSNK=merfçrmed=bó=the=authçr=based=çn=the=päan=dated=çf=NUOP=in=scaäe=NW=NMMMI=EbnäarÖedF=

FigK NN=qhe=territçriaä=äaóçut=çf=BrestJiitçvsâ=in=the=NUth=centuró=based=çn=the=çäd=urban=patternK=merfçrmed=bó=the=authçr=çn=the=basis=çf=the=päan= dated= çf= NUOP= in= scaäe= NW= NMMMK= qhe= measurement= units= usedW=äenÖthW=eää=L=iithuanian=eää=RUKS=cmI=rçpe=QPKVR=mX=rçd=–=QKPVR=mX=fççt=======OVKP=cmX=pążeń=–=NKTRU=mX=fççt=–=PMKQU=mK=Epcaäe=enäarÖedF==

=qhe =stretch =çf =the =trade =rçute =runninÖ =acrçss =the =tçwn =tçwards =iutsâI =caääed =hçwaäsâa =ptreetI =functiçnaääó=became=the=main=street=çf=the=tçwnK=qhe=marâet=sèuare=was=at=the=crçssrçads=çf=the=main=rçutesK=ln= each= çf= the=tçwn= päans= dated= frçm= NTJNVth= centuró= it= is=shçwn=at= the= çutäet=çf=hçwaäsâa=ptreetI= bó= the=cçrner= buiädinÖ=dençted=as= the=gesuit= `hurchK=AccçrdinÖ= tç=written=sçurcesI=the=gesuits=were=accumuäatinÖ=weaäth=bó=buóinÖ=hçuses==in=hçwaäsâa=ptreet=since=NRTNPOK==fn= the= periçd= çf= time= between= NSNP= and= NTRPI= theó= buiät= up= a= dçminant= Örçup= cçmprisinÖ= the=`çääeÖium=and=gesus=and=ptK=`asimir=`hurch=aäçnÖ=hçwaäsâa=ptreet=maâinÖ=up=the=eastern=frçntäine=çf=the=marâetK=qhusI=we=can=assume=that=the=remaininÖ=ruins=çf=the=gesuit=church=indicate=the=çutäet=çf= hçwaäsâa=ptreet=tç= the= marâetI= =the= äine= çf= the= west= facade= exactäó= indicates= the= cçurse= çf=hçwaäsâa=ptreetK=A=cçntinuatiçn=çf=the=straiÖht=äine=in=the=directiçn=çf=kiemetsâa=ptreet=and=the=äine=äinâinÖ=the=cçrner=hçuse=in=hçwaäsâa=ptreet=and=the=pçintI=accepted=in=this=research=as=an=çäd=churchI=çutäines=O=sides=çf=================================================OV=qhe= priviäeÖes= under= the= derman= tçwn= äaw=cçuäd= have=been= çf=benefit= tç=newcçmers= çf= BrestI= such= as= the=

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PN=qhe=submissiçn=çf=Brest=tç=the=drand=auchó=çf=iithuania=in=NPOM==bççsted==traffic=çn=the=rçads=in=the=nçrthern=directiçnK==peeW=tawrzóńczóâW=oçzwój=wieäâiej=własnçści=na=mçdäasiu=w=us=i=usf=wieâuI=map=NJO==pK=PRRK==

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=qç= reduce= the= number= çf= errçrs= and= irreÖuäarities= çn= the= reveaäed= Öraphic= äaóçutI= it= is= necessaró= tç=determine=the=vaäue=çf=appäied=measurement=unitsPPK=A=side=çf=the=sèuare=when=measured=bó=Autç`ad=eèuaäs=up=tç=OMRKN=m=çr=PRM=eääs=ETMM=feetFPQK=qhe=päans=çf=the=NTJNVth=centuries=indicate=that=the=marâet=measured=ORM=bó=NOR=eääs=ENQSKR=m=bó=TPKOR=mFK=teI=therefçreI=assume=that=çriÖinaääó=the=marâet=was=nçt=biÖÖer= than=NUTKR=bó=NOR= eääs= Eçr=NMVKV=m=bó=TPKOR=mF= EciÖK=VFK=ft=was= extended=bó=a= third=çf= its=çriÖinaä=size=çnäó=in=the=NSth=centuróK==ln=the=west=side=çf=the=marâet=accçrdinÖ=tç=the=aescriptiçn=çf=NRSSPR=we=have=marâed=ten=parceäs=çf=äandI=OIR= rçds=brçad=eachK= ff= we=assume= that= çne=rçd= is= eèuaä= tç=QKPVR= metersI=we=can=caäcuäate= the=tçtaä=äenÖth=çf=the=west=sideK=qhusI=it=cçmprises=NMVKUR=m=çr=OR=rçds=respectiveäó=EOIR=rçds=bó=NMFI=çr=PTR=feet=Z=OIR=rçpesK==ln=the= äist=çf=çwners= in=the=marâetI=cçmpiäed=bó=the= said=aescriptiçn=çf=NRSSI= there=were=the= tçwn=haääI=the= estate= çf= the= Brest= wçjt= EmaóçrF= gerzó=qószâiewiczI= and= the= ever= first=printinÖ= hçuse=in=iithuania= beäçnÖinÖ= tç= the=oadziwiłł= famiäóK=kç= dçubtI= it= is= a= Öreat= chaääenÖe= and= a= matter= çf= biÖ=siÖnificanceI=tç=pinpçint=the=äçcatiçn=çf=thçse=parceäsK=qhe=Öraphic=anaäósis=çf=the=päans=datinÖ=frçm=NVth=centuró=cäearäó=prçves=that=the=western=side=çf=the=marâet= and= „the= tçwn= within= the= fence”= has= been= expendedI= óet= the= çriÖinaä= spatiaä= pattern= was=preserved=EciÖK=NMFK==`çnseèuentäóI=we=can=assume=that=the=urban=äaóçut=çf=BrestJiitçvsâ=had=been=shaped=in=the=periçd=çf=time=between=NRth=and=NVth=centuriesK= fts=fçrmatiçn=and=deveäçpment=went=çn=in=accçrdance=with=the=initiaä=päan=çf=the=citó’s=urban=deveäçpment=EciÖures=NNI=NOFK===RK CONCiUSIONS =qhe=character=çf=Brest=in=the=jiddäe=aÖesI=chartered=under=the=derman=tçwn=äawI=has=been=studied=bó=surveóinÖ=tçwn=äaóçut=chanÖes=frçm=the=past=untiä=the=present=timesKPS=qhe=anaäósis=prçved=that=even=at=the=initiaä=staÖe=traditiçns=and=principäes=çf=the=burçpean=urban=päanninÖ=had=been=appäied=in=this=tçwn=since=NPVMK= ft= is= remarâabäe= that= five= çr= six= óears= aÖç= such= a= hópçthesis= wçuäd=be= hard= tç=prçve= çr=denóK=tith=the=heäp=çf=the=dfp=sóstem=it=was=pçssibäe=tç=cçrreäate=the=measurements=çf=the=sacraä=and=================================================PP=AccçrdinÖ= tç= the= èuçtatiçn= frçm= the= aescriptiçn= çf= NRSS”W= „todäeż sznurów SMI preczóna pręt RI czónit

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