functional ingredients for dietary supplement industry

Functional ingredients for dietary supplement industry

SUDATHIP SAE-TAN, Ph.D.Department of Food Science and Technology

Faculty of Agro-IndustryKasetsart University

March, 2021

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Health Concerns

Nutrition

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Pharmaceutical

"A nutraceutical is a food or part of a food such as a dietary supplement that has a medical or

health benefit including the prevention and treatment of disease".

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Nutraceuticals

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2015 $170 Billion

2022 $302 Billion

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

2007 2015 2020

Row

North & South America

Europe

Asia

Allied Market Research, 2020

Frost & Sullivan, 2016

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CONSUMER TRENDS IN SUPPLEMENTS

Beauty

Healthy agingMental health &

well-beingGut health and wellness

Sports & Performance

Immune health

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Ingredients to watch for healthy ageing

Antioxidant Claim for a wide range of healthy ageing benefits

ASTAXANTHIN

MAQUI BERRIES

GRAPE SEED EXTRACT

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Astaxanthin

Claim: High in antioxidants

Source for industry: algae Haematococcus pluvialis (H. pluvialis)

(bacteria, microalgae, yeasts)

H. pluvialis is a green microalga that grows in fresh and brackish (slightly salty) waters. Under certain 'stressful' conditions, such as high light intensity or nutrient shortage, the cells of H. pluvialis accumulate astaxanthin, which turns them a dark-red colour. Synthetic or 'manufactured' forms of astaxanthin are also available (EFSA).

Ingredients to watch for healthy ageing

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Astaxanthin

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Astaxanthin

Skin-protection

Anti-inflammation

Nutrients, 2018

Immune- enhancing effects

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• Antioxidant

Maqui berries

• Cardiovascular disorder

Agronomy. 2019

• Obesity

• Analgesic activity

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Maqui berries

• Anti-diabetes

• Anti-inflammation

Phytochemistry Reviews. 2017

• Dry eye disease

Suppress light-induced photoreceptor cell death by inhibiting ROS production

Eye health

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Maqui berries

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Maqui berries

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Ingredients to watch for healthy aging

Grape seed extract

Bioactive compounds

Monomeric &

Oligomeric flavan-3-ols

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Grape seed extract

Antioxidant • Cardiovascular disorder

Nutr J. 2017

Anti-ulcer activity

Anti-cancer

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Grape seed extract

Chemoprevention of cellular damage

Current PharmarceuticalBiotechnolgoy, 2001.

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Grape seed extract

#1 Beauty and Personal Care

- Facial treatment, shampoo,

conditioner, hand cream,

sunscreen, moisturizer, serum

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Grape seed extract

Food and drink (9%)

- Meal replacement drinks, Pre-workout drinks, Drinks, Gummy

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Grape seed extract

Coconut Water + Chocolate Post Workout Cardio Plant Based Powder

Kola Nut Flavoured Vegan Pre-Workout Powder

Pomegranate New Zealand Super Teablend of white tea, grape seed extract and natural pomegranate flavour

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Products that support mental health and well-being

A rise of mental health awareness and well-being

- Consumers seek for holistic solutions.- Long-term physical, mental and emotional health- Stress becomes a key health concern. - Greater awareness for environmental impacts

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Beauty and Personal care products

Improve or change

appearance

Internal & external well-

being

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Links between mental states and performance

Solutions that support people with focus, attention and even moodelevation

ADAPTOGENS1

2 NOOTROPICS

Mental health and well-being

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Ingredients to watch for mental health and well-being

AdaptogensAny ingredient that can help the body to better cope with physical or mental stress

Originally defined as “non-specific resistance under stress”

26control over their stress

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Adaptogens

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Adaptogens

Cope with stress Help to relax

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Holy basilAshwagandha Medicinal mushrooms

Chamomile Lemon balm Valerian Lavender

Nervines

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Adaptogens

• Ganoderma lucidum (Reishi)

• Lentinus edodes (Shiitake)

• Inonotus obliquus (Chaga)

• Cordyceps sinensis (Cordyceps)

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Medicinal mushrooms

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Adaptogens

1. Polysaccharides

2. Triterpenes

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Ganoderma lucidum (Reishi)

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Adaptogens

1. Neurological effects

- Anti-depressant like effect

- Reduce anxiety-type behaviour

2. Immune-modulation

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Ganoderma lucidum (Reishi): Polysaccharides

Phytochemistry. 2015

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Adaptogens

1. Antioxidant

- Increase antioxidant enzymes activity (SOD and catalase)

(remove ROS)

- Reduce radiation-induced oxidative DNA damage

2. Anti-cancer and cytotoxic activities

3. Anti-metastatic activities

4. Anti-HIV activity

5. Lowering urinary tract symptoms in men

6. Neuro-protective effect

32Phytochemistry. 2015

Ganoderma lucidum (Reishi): Triterpenes

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Adaptogens

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Lentinus edodes (Shiitake)

• Amino acids• Neutral sugar• Total phenolics• Organic acids• β-glucan• Tasty compounds

Journal of food measurement and characterization. 2012

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Adaptogens

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Lentinus edodes (Shiitake)

1. Lower blood pressure & plasma lipids2. Anti-gestational diabetes3. Immune booster

J. Nutr. Sci. Vitaminol. 1987

International Journal of Medicinal Mushroom, 2017

Ann Transl Med. 2014, J Immunol Res., 2019

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Adaptogens

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Lentinus edodes

(Shiitake)

J Am Coll Nutr., 2015

Grifola frondosa (Maitake)

Immune Booster

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Adaptogens

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Inonotus obliquus (Chaga)

Bioactive compounds:

- Hispidin analog- Melanins

Mycosystema. 2008

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Adaptogens

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Inonotus obliquus (Chaga)

1. Immune stimulator2. Anti-inflammation3. Hypoglycemic and antioxidant activity4. Anti-tumor activity

Mycosystema. 2008

Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 2009

Journal of Food Biochemistry, 2010

International Journal of Medicinal Mushrooms, 2011

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Adaptogens

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Cordyceps sinensis (CS)

Journal of functional foods, 2013

Active ingredients

• Polysaccharides• Nucleotides• Sterols• Proteins

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Adaptogens

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Cordyceps sinensis (CS)

1. Adaptogenic activity2. Immunomodulatory effects3. Antioxidant activity4. Anti-cancer5. Anti-diabetes activity6. Anti-inflammatory activity7. Kidney protection (Lower increment of blood uria nitrogen,

sodium secretion)

8. Lung and liver protection (Enhance oxygen utilization, Enhance cellular oxygen uptake)

9. Apoptosis10. Anti-fatigue and improve stamina

Journal of functional foods, 2013

Over the last five years, 35% of food, drink, or healthcare launches with adaptogen or adaptogenic in the product description.

Hemp extract and ginseng :

Hemp extracts and adaptogens

Nervines: lavender,chamomile,

lemon balm etc. : Spices and adaptogens

Rise of medicinal mushroom for stress

and fatigue

Tulsi Breakfast Tea (India) uses holy basil to

relieve stress

Adaptogens

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Drinking your way to sleep & relax

contains hops and lemon balm to help relieve feelings of stress and to encourage

peaceful sleep (Philippines).

Probiotic drink for stress & sleepContains kefir culture, probiotics, lemon and lavender that are said to relieve stress, improve mood,

promote restful sleep, reduce inflammation and lower skin

irritation (Malaysia).

“Beauty-sleep” comboJelly Carrageenan and Konjac with

Chamomile, Lemon Balm, Lavender, L-Theanine and 10% White Grape Juice helps relieve hunger and is concentrated with chamomile, lemon balm and l-theanine for

sleep (Thailand).

Adaptogens

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‘Brain boosters' or ‘Smart drugs’

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Ingredients to watch for mental health and well-being

Nootropics

Caffeine is considered the most common nootropic.

Other emerging nootropics are B vitamins, choline, L-theanine, MCT oils, omega-3s and ginko biloba

THAILAND

30%of Thai consumers use functional foods and drink to support and maintain healthy brain

function

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Nootropics

Mintel's Augmented Human Trend,

Discusses how recent innovations are enhancing the

way we live – offering opportunities to push the body beyond its limits.

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Nootropics

The caffeinated beverage is made with natural functional ingredients like gingko biloba,

turmeric, siberian ginseng, green tea, caffeine, vitamin B6and vitamin B12 for mind and

health benefits (Australia).

Contains L-theanineSuntheanine, NZ Neuroberry

Juice and NZ Pine Bark Extract Enzogenol for mental focus and clarity (New Zealand).

Contains a unique herbal blend of amla, gotu kola, ginkgo

biloba, siberian ginseng, green tea and B vitamins and zinc to

boost focus (Australia).

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Nootropics

Contains a comprehensive formula blend of dark

chocolates and natural nootropics including lion's

mane mushroom, green tea extract, ginkgo biloba, natural caffeine and B

vitamins to increase mental energy.

Contains L-tyrosine, vitamins C, E, B12 and B6 and electrolytes such as sodium, magnesium

and potassium for focus, hydration and recovery (US).

Contains caffeine (95mg), B vitamins, choline, green tea

and ground ginger that help to deliver alertness and focus

without the drawbacks of the sugar commonly found in

energy drinks (US).

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Nootropics

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Ingredients to watch for gut health and wellness

Virtual organ of the body

Human genome23,000 genes

Microbiome3 million genes

BMJ, 2018

What does gut microbiome do?

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BMJ, 2018

Non-digestive substrate

SCFAs

(acetate, propionate, butyrate)Gases

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PROBIOTICS

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PREBIOTICS

SYNBIOTICS3

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Prebiotics

Fiber Fermentable fiber

Microbiota-accessible carbohydrates (MACs)

BMJ, 2018

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Prebiotics

Foods, 2019

1. FructansInulin, FOS

2. Galacto-oligosaccharides3. Starch & glucose-derived oligosaccharides

4. Other oligosaccharides Pectin (Pectic oligosaccharide)

5. Non-carbohydrate oligosaccharidescocoa-derived flavonols

6. Resistance starch

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0%

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% la

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Global: top 10 fibres used in new high/added fibre food and drink products, June 2016 and May 2020

Jun 2016 - May 2017 Jun 2017 - May 2018

Jun 2018 - May 2019 Jun 2019 - May 2020

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Prebiotics

High-fibre, FODMAP cerealFood for Health breakfast clustersare FODMAP-certified and are generally well tolerated by IBS sufferers. Packed with the goodness of chia seeds, linseeds and psyllium, fibres which are well tolerated by people with IBS (Australia).

Essential fibre FODMAP crispbreadsOrgran Essential FibreCrispibread. This certified FODMAP-friendly product is a good source of fibre. With brown rice flour, sorghum flour and psyllium seed husk to support healthy digestion (South Africa).

Guar gum promotes digestive balancePurasana Sport Smoothie powder provides all the nutrients needed for a sporty lifestyle. It contains the FODMAP-approved fibre Sunfiber, made from partially hydrolysedguar gum to promotes healthy digestive balance (Belgium).

https://www.gnpd.com/sinatra/recordpage/7664635



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Prebiotics

The British Journal of Nutrition, 2016

Poorly absorbed SCFAs, sugar polyols

A live microbial feed supplement, which beneficially affects the host by improving its intestinal microbial balance

- Immune modulation

- Anti-cancer, Anti-tumor

- Reduction of cholesterol

- Alleviation of lactose intolerance

- Normalization of stool transit

- Hepatic encephalopathy

- Treatment of peptic ulcers

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Probiotics

Beneficial Microbes, 2010

Prebiotics are gaining traction in Asia Pacific and following the footsteps of probiotics in food, drink and healthcare launches globally. 57


Prebiotics vs Probiotics

Synergistic mixture of probiotics and prebiotics that benefit the host by improving the survival and colonization of live beneficial microorganisms.

Known synbiotic formulations are Bifidobacteria with fructooligosaccharides (FOS) and Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG with inulin.

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Synbiotics

Int J Mol Sci. 2019

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Synbiotics

A new term for “metabolic by-products” or "beneficial waste products" of probiotic bacteria

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Postbiotics

Current opinion in food science. 2020

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Postbiotics

• Organic acids or SCFAs

• Peptidoglycans

• Polysaccharides.

• Peptides

• Teichoic acis

• Cell surface protein vitamins

• Plasmalogens


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Postbiotics

Postbiotics derived from Bifidobacterium breve C50

- Trigger the host immune system- Trigger anti-inflammatory responses


Psychobiotics, probiotics that affect the brain, may have potential to help people struggling with anxiety and depression.

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Psychobiotics

Psychopharmacology

- Anxiety

- Depression

- Nociceptive

- Stress

- Feeding

- Taste preference

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Psychobiotics

J Clin Invest, 2015

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Mungbean @ KU

Anti-inflammation- RAW246.7 cells- Acute liver injury mice- 3T3-L1

Anti-diabetes- Inhibit α-amylase- Inhibit α-glucosidase- Inhibit AGEs formation- Increase insulin signaling

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Mungbean

TLR CD14

LPS

IKKαIKKβ

IκB

PCytoplasm

Nucleus

NF-κB

NF-κB

NF-κB binding site

COX2

iNOS

TAK1

P

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Mungbean @ KU

Anti-diabetes- Inhibit α-amylase- Inhibit α-glucosidase- Inhibit AGEs formation- Increase insulin signaling

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Mungbean @ KU

2020 2021 2022

- Extraction - Drying improve bioavailability pilot scale

- Efficacy in animal models- Acute toxicity

- Subchronic toxicity

2023 – Clinical studies

Novel Food

Health Claim

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Interested focuses

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Well-being- Healthy aging- Mental health- Gut health

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Interested focuses

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Europe:Organic & Natural

APAC: Natural & Blend of traditional

North America:Natural

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THANK YOU

Sudathip Sae-tan, Ph.D.

Phone: +662 562 5037Email: [email protected]

[email protected]

functional ingredients for dietary supplement industry

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