from drought response to center stage
DESCRIPTION
Water Conservation Finds It’s Home in Integrated Resources Planning. Presented by Richard Harris, Manager of Water Conservation, East Bay Municipal Utility District, California at Texas Water Foundation, Central Texas Water Conservation Symposium February 26, 2013TRANSCRIPT
From Drought Response to Center
Stage:
Water Conservation Finds It’s Home in Integrated
Resources Planning
From Drought Response to Center
Stage:
Water Conservation Finds It’s Home in Integrated
Resources Planning
Central Texas Water Conservation SymposiumFebruary 26, 2013
Richard HarrisWater Conservation Manager
Presentation Outline
• EBMUD Facts and Figures
• California’s Water Challenges
• EBMUD’s Water Supply Management Program
• EBMUD’s Water Conservation Master Plan
Implementation Strategies
EBMUD Facts and Figures
EBMUD Service Area
EBMUD Water Supply
• The watersheds
– Water quality
– Water storage
• Size matters
EBMUDWater and Wastewater Services
Water
• 1.34 million customers
• 190-210 MGD demand
• 35 communities
• 330 sq.mi service area
• >4,000 miles of pipe
• 385,000 accounts
Wastewater
• 650,000 customers
• 75 MGD Avg. Flow
• 83 sq.mi service area
• 100% energy sufficient
California’s Water Challenges
Headlines
Flood or Drought:California Water Supply
DRY or DRY or CRITICALLY CRITICALLY
DRYDRY
28 years 28 years (37%)(37%)
NORMAL NORMAL
25 years25 years(32%)(32%)
WETWET
24 years24 years(31%)(31%)
1921 to 19981921 to 1998
3 of last 10 Years Dry (2000-09)
Statewide Snow Water ContentStatewide Snow Water Content
Snow Water Equivalents
FY2013 Gross Water ProductionFY2013 Gross Water Production
20122012--13 Watershed Precipitation13 Watershed Precipitation
0.16
”
2.20
”
9.53
”
0.03
”
0.36
”
11.8
5”
1.06
”
0.18
”
Reservoir StorageReservoir Storage
621,680 AF126,760 AF318,160 AF176,760 AF
Current Storage
Good81%Total SystemGood84%East BayGood76%CamancheGood89%Pardee
SupplyCondition
Percent of Capacity
As of 02/10/13
Challenge: Zero Sum Game
• Competition between Water Agencies for limited supplies
• Competition between Agencies and Environmental Concerns for water
• Desire to protect water quality/habitat & fisheries
Legal Decisions
Clean Water Act
Endangered Species
Climate Change
1957 Plan
Challenge: Climate Change
Could Impact California’s
- Snowpack
- River Flow
- Fisheries Habitat (warmer water)
- Delta Levees
- Water Quality (particularly in the Bay Delta)
- Water use patterns
- Groundwater Quality
- Drought (severity and frequency)
- Floods (severity and frequency)
- Hydroelectric Power Generation
Regulatory Changes
•Metering, Graywater,•Lead removal, and more…
Urban Water Management Planning Act - 1983
• EBMUD sponsored legislation
• Evaluates supply reliability in drought years and emergencies
• Provides public input in shaping water resources planning
• Verifies water supply assessments for new developments
• Supports basis for State Water Plan
• Complies with Water Conservation Act of 2009
EBMUD Water Supply Management Program
(WSMP) To 2040
WSMP 2040 Purpose/Objectives
• Water supply reliability to the year 2040
• Account for accomplishments and changes since the last WSMP (1993), including:
- New facilities and programs- New regulatory and resource requirements- Climate change
• Find optimum balance between customer rationing, conservation, recycling and supplemental supply
• Maintain environmental stewardship
WSMP 2040 Planning Objectives
• Operations, Engineering, Legal & Institutional- Provide water supply reliability- Utilize water right entitlements- Promote regional solutions
• Economic- Minimize customer cost- Minimize drought impact - Maximize positive impact to local economy
• Public Health, Safety and Community- Ensure high water quality - Minimize adverse sociocultural impacts - Minimize risks to public health & safety- Maximize security of infrastructure & water supply
• Environmental- Preserve & protect the environment for future generations- Preserve & protect biological resources- Minimize carbon footprint- Promote recreational opportunities
WSMP 2040 Solution Provides Flexibility for the Future
• Future demand growth will be met through:
- Aggressive water conservation
- Maximum feasible recycled water
- 10% water rationing objective in dry years
• Additional diverse supplemental supplies will allow reduction in water rationing from >25%
WSMP 2040 - Preferred Portfolio
• Robust plan: needed in light of future uncertainty (e.g., Global Climate Change)
• Multiple, parallel project components
• Diverse & flexible strategy
• Environmentally sound
WSMP 2040 Water Supply Portfolios
55E
66
Components
Supp. Supply
Recycled WaterRationingConservation
2522
4425%D
3315%C
2210%B
110%AExamplePortfolio 1
2040 Demand Study
• Employed a land-use based approach to develop water use estimates
• Land-use approach viewed as the most rigorous methodology
• Actual water use data by land use was utilized
• Met with 19 city and county land use planning agencies to confirm planning projections
2040 Demand Study Results
• Higher density, development up not out
• 0.8% annual increase in demand (2010-2040)
• Demand reflects planning agencies’ best
estimate of development
• Demand confirmed by population projections
• Future increase in demand entirely offset by
conservation, recycling and rationing in dry
years
2040 Demand Projection with Conservation & Recycling
SBx7-7 Interim & Compliance 2020 Per Capita Use Targets
10-year (1995-2004)Baseline = 165 GPCD
Projected 2020Conservation
And Recycling144 GPCD
5-year (2003-07)Baseline = 158 GPCD 133
WSMP 2040 - Water Conservation Approach
• Considered more than 100 conservation measures
• Analyzed 53 individual conservation measures beyond plumbing codes
• Range of analysis: from natural savings to maximum voluntary conservation potential
• Assess technology, behavior and leak repair
• Assess implementation barriers (e.g. customer acceptance, market saturation, cost)
• Range of market saturation <1% to 95%
58
53
51
39
11
# of Measures1
$11,30025-95%41Maximum voluntary programE
$6,30020-80%39Current program equivalent + 2D
$3,60015-75%37Current program equivalentC
$50010-65%29Natural savings + 10 B
NA10-50%19Natural savingsA
Average Incremental
Dry Year Unit Cost ($/AF) 2
% Market Saturation
2040 Water Savings (MGD)
DescriptionLevel
Water Conservation:Level A - E Comparison
1 Estimated range of multiple measures/products across all customer sectors.2 Preliminary number based on need for water in 3 of 10 years. Baseload unit costs subsequently reduce by approx. 60%.
Content Overview:Projected 2040 Water Supply
Note: Customer rationing limited to 15%
2011 Water Conservation 2011 Water Conservation Master Plan (WCMP) Update Master Plan (WCMP) Update
• Update to 1994 WCMP
• Internal planning-level document
• Ten-year period 2011-2020
• Incorporates long-term planning to year 2040
• Obtains customer input through surveys, focus
groups, facilitated meetings, and workshops
WCMP Water Savings & Targets WCMP Water Savings & Targets (1995(1995--2040)2040)
WSMP 2040
43 WCMP 2011 Projections
28 Savings Thru FY 2012
68
59
2010 UWMP Projected Drought + Economy Adj.
Average Customer Demand (2005-2012)
FY05-07 Average (pre-drought)FY08-10 Average (drought) Down 12%FY11-12 Average (post-drought) Down 19%-11%
-15%
-6% -9%
-10%-15%
-14%-25%-17%
-35%
-11%-17%-5% -14%
Water Conservation (Market) Trends
• Indoor residential conservation becoming saturated
• Focus toward outdoor and supply-side savings
• Maintaining savings through behavior-related services
• Innovative incentives thru loans, on-bill financing
• Standards for advanced metering infrastructure
• Nexus with energy, wastewater, and solid waste
• Enhanced web-based services (self-help tools, videos)
• Professional landscaper & plumber certification
Cumulative Water Conservation Budget (1992-2015)
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
19921993
19941995
19961997
19981999
20002001
20022003
20042005
20062007
20082009
20102011
20122013
20142015
Fiscal Year
Prog
ram
Bud
get (
Mill
ion
$)
Customer Opinion Research Customer Opinion Research (April (April –– August 2011)August 2011)
• Awarded $131K DWR grant
• Conducted focus groups, web survey, facilitated meetings
• Researched
– drought behaviors
– WCMP strategies and services
Customer Opinion Research Customer Opinion Research FindingsFindings
• General perception that low water price limits conservation-related financial savings
• Function, price and water savings are important purchasing considerations
• Outdoor landscape is an extension of living space, aesthetics and usability
• Few customer know how much water they use; measured in dollars, not gallons
• Ability for landlords to individually meter, bill for usage could provide conservation incentive
• Many expressed interest in metering technology, real time access, water budgets
Conservation Measure Conservation Measure EvaluationEvaluation
DSS Model End Use Demand Projections
WCMP WCMP –– Monitoring and Monitoring and Tracking Tracking
WCMP WCMP -- Implementation StrategiesImplementation Strategies(2011(2011--2020)2020)
1 2
6
3
45
FY11-12 Conservation Highlights
• 5,000 water audits completed
• 22,600 rebates distributed
• 15,000 devices distributed
• $1.3 million in incentives
• 20,700 landscape water budgets
• 3,000 plant books sold
• 24 WaterSmart businesses recognized
Water Management StrategiesWater Management Strategies
•Web services- Calculators- How to videos
•Water surveys
•Water budgets
•Leak notification
•WaterSmart certification
•Advanced metering tools
Water Management ServicesLandscape Irrigation Water Budgets
Water Management Services:Customized Water Savings Reports
Education & OutreachEducation & Outreach
• WaterSmart Gardener
• Public education
• Marketing
• Community events
• Conservation workshops
• Training/certification(plumbers, landscapers)
Education and Outreach
FY13 WaterSmart Incentives
giveawayWater-efficient devices (e.g. showerheads, aerators, nozzles)
($0.50/CCF)Cooling and process equipment
$75 - $150
$2 - $5/nozzle
Pressure regulators, submeters
High-Efficiency Sprinklers
$0.50/sq.ft. Lawn conversion
Drip Irrigation
$75 - $300Weather-based irrigation controllers
$50 - $125 (EBMUD)
$50 - $350 (PG&E)Residential and commercial high-efficiency clotheswashers
$100High-efficiency toilets and urinals
Bundled Outdoor Program - Up to $2,500 resid. $20,000 comm.
$0.25/sq.ft.
Conservation Rebate Trends –Total Rebates Distributed
Rebate Totals (2005-07 and 2010-12)
-
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
16,000
FY05 FY06 FY07 FY10 FY11 FY12
Fiscal Year
Ann
ual R
ebat
e A
ctiv
ity
Pre-Drought Post-Drought
Conservation Rebate Trends –Total Rebates Dollars
Total Rebate Dollars (2005-07 and 2010-12)
-
200,000
400,000
600,000
800,000
1,000,000
1,200,000
1,400,000
1,600,000
FY05 FY06 FY07 FY10 FY11 FY12
Fiscal Year
Reb
ate
Dol
lars
Dis
trib
uted
Pre-Drought Post-Drought
Conservation Rebate Trends –Estimated Water Savings
Estimated Rebate Water Savings (2005-07 and 2010-12)
-
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
FY05 FY06 FY07 FY10 FY11 FY12
Fiscal Year
Ann
ual S
avin
gs (M
illio
n G
al.) Pre-Drought Post-Drought
Regulations and Legislation
• EBMUD Water Service Regulations• Water-efficiency requirements (Section 31)
• Individual (unit) metering (Section 2)
• Landscape metering (Section 3)
• State • CalGreen codes
• Model landscape ordinance
• Retrofit-on-resale legislation
• Federal • Energy Policy Act
Supply-Side Conservation
• Leak detection
• Pipeline repair/replacement
• Water facility audits
• Pressure management
• Distribution system monitoring
vs
Research and DevelopmentResearch and Development
• Water-use information tools
• Meter accuracy/technology
• Water-loss monitoring
• Product testing and labeling (i.e. WaterSense, Energy Star)
• Low-water use turf grasses
• Plan check reviewvs
Research & Development:Blackhawk AMI Pilot Project Update
• Initiated during 2008-09 drought
• ~4,000 meters (85% residential)
• Beta-testing in 2010
• Equipment replaced in 2011
• Automated reading in 2012
• Roll out in 2013
• 5-yr service contract thru 2018
WaterSmart Toolbox-Customer Monthly Use
WaterSmart Toolbox-Customer Daily Use
WaterSmart Toolbox-Customer Hourly screen
Research & Development: Home Water Report Pilot Study
Comparison to similar
households
Personalized savings/offers
Modified messaging and raffle prizes
Email Home Water Report (Email Home Water Report (eHWReHWR))
WaterSmart SoftwareWaterSmart Software——How It How It WWorksorks
Home Water ReportsCustomer Web Portal Utility Dashboard
WaterSmartRecommendation Engine
Online Customer PortalOnline Customer Portal
• Historical Water
Consumption
• Neighbor Water Use
Comparisons
• Customer FAQ
• Ability to Change
Residence Information
• Possible Integration
with AMR
Online Customer Portal (cont.)Online Customer Portal (cont.)
•Conservation rebate offers
•Water savings tips
•Educational materials
UtilityUtility--Facing Water Efficiency Facing Water Efficiency DashboardDashboard
• Program Management
• Utility- &User-Level Data
Residential SurveyResidential Survey
>13,000 distributed online and via mailResponses: >2,600 (~21%)EBMUD – completed data entry of paper copiesWSS - integrated responses into database
Survey Results: Survey Results: Attitudes and AwarenessAttitudes and Awareness
I make an active commitment to use water efficiently indoors and outdoors.
I talk with friends and neighbors about ways to use water more efficiently.
Survey Results: Survey Results: Attitudes and AwarenessAttitudes and Awareness
Survey Results: Survey Results: Fixtures, Appliances, BehaviorsFixtures, Appliances, Behaviors
Toilets
Survey Results: Survey Results: Fixtures, Appliances, BehaviorsFixtures, Appliances, Behaviors
Washing Machine
Survey Results: Survey Results: Fixtures, Appliances, BehaviorsFixtures, Appliances, Behaviors
Irrigation
Survey (& Consumption & Real Estate) Data Survey (& Consumption & Real Estate) Data PersonalizationPersonalization
Individual Results Personalized Recommendations
Aggregate Results Awareness, Saturation, Program Priorities
Lessons and Results: Lessons and Results: Happy Customers, Taking Action Happy Customers, Taking Action
•Overall customers happy, liked neighborhood comparison
•4.6% of customers have called or gone online
•Increased request for conservation services (3 audits/day)
•Power of social norms - water use comparison v. $ on bill
•Effective prompt/nudge for people who were complacent
•Graphics v. text-heavy bill – simple communication
•Some people pay close attention – pull out old bills
•Targeting 2% annual water savings overall
•Early results of 4-5%
Research & Development: Home Water Report Pilot Study (cont’d)
14,5004,0009,500Total3,0001,5001,500Random3,5003,500-Oakland, CA8,000-8,000Castro Valley, CA
TotalControl Group
No. of ParticipantsCity
• $75,000 CA Water Foundation grant
• Test new billing information concepts
• Preliminary 4-5% water savings/acct.
• Evaluation period June 2012-Dec 2013
Preliminary Results w/EBMUD Experimental & Control Group
Developer• Submits plans to planning agency• Tentative Map Plan (TMP) approval• Environmental assessment/compliance• Pays for water service connection
Planning Agency
Water Agency• Review and comment on TMP• Review and comment on DEIR• Complete water service assessment• Issue water meter
• Routes TMP for comment• Notifies developer of req’ts• Routes DEIR for comment• Issues occupancy permit
Plan Review Process
Water Service Application Check List
On-line Plan Review Tracking Forms
Water Management Strategies
Questions
How water and energy efficient
dishwashers really work…
Richard W. HarrisWater Conservation [email protected](510) 287-1675