FQ: What was the impact of FQ: What was the impact of the Bolshevik Revolution on the Bolshevik Revolution on

Russia? Russia? AgendaAgenda

(5 min(5 min)-Notes: Quiz)-Notes: Quiz ((15 min15 min)-Notes: )-Notes:

Russian RevolutionRussian Revolution ((35 min35 min)-Class )-Class

Activity: Complete Activity: Complete Russian Revolution Russian Revolution Concept Map Concept Map (Groups)(Groups)

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Do Now- ReviewDo Now- Review QuizQuiz You may use your You may use your

notesnotes

Socialism- REVIEWSocialism- REVIEW SocialismSocialism- the factors of production - the factors of production

are owned by the public and operate are owned by the public and operate for the welfare of all.for the welfare of all.

The government should actively plan The government should actively plan the economy rather than depending on the economy rather than depending on free-market capitalism to do the job.free-market capitalism to do the job.

Public ownership would help the Public ownership would help the workers who were at the mercy of workers who were at the mercy of greedy employersgreedy employers

The Communist ManifestoThe Communist Manifesto Karl MarxKarl Marx introduced the world to a radical type introduced the world to a radical type

of socialism called of socialism called Marxism Marxism in a 23-page in a 23-page pamphlet called pamphlet called The The Communist Manifesto Communist Manifesto

In their manifesto, Marx and Engels argued that In their manifesto, Marx and Engels argued that human societies have always been divided into human societies have always been divided into warring classes. The middle class “warring classes. The middle class “haves” or haves” or employers, called the bourgeoisieemployers, called the bourgeoisie, and the , and the ““have-nots” or workers, called proletariathave-nots” or workers, called proletariat. . While the wealthy controlled the means of While the wealthy controlled the means of producing goods, the poor performed producing goods, the poor performed backbreaking labor under terrible conditions.backbreaking labor under terrible conditions.

According to Marx and Engels, the Industrial According to Marx and Engels, the Industrial Revolution had enriched the wealthy and Revolution had enriched the wealthy and impoverished the poor. The two writers predicted impoverished the poor. The two writers predicted that the workers would overthrow the owners.that the workers would overthrow the owners.

The Future According to MarxThe Future According to Marx

Marx describedMarx described communism communism as a as a form of complete socialism in which form of complete socialism in which the means of production- all land, the means of production- all land, mines, factories, railroads, and mines, factories, railroads, and business- would be owned by the business- would be owned by the people. Private property would cease people. Private property would cease to exist. All goods and services would to exist. All goods and services would be shared equally.be shared equally.

Russia Background- CzarsRussia Background- CzarsEnd to Reform- The Romanovs End to Reform- The Romanovs In 1881, Alexander III becomes In 1881, Alexander III becomes czarczar, ,

ends reformsends reforms Institutes autocratic rule, Institutes autocratic rule,

suppressing all oppositionsuppressing all opposition Nicholas II became czar in 1894, he Nicholas II became czar in 1894, he

continued the tradition of Russian continued the tradition of Russian autocracy (power lies in 1 person) autocracy (power lies in 1 person)

The Revolutionary Movement The Revolutionary Movement GrowsGrows

Russia was rapidly undergoing Russia was rapidly undergoing industrialization. The horrible work industrialization. The horrible work conditions, low wages, and child labor conditions, low wages, and child labor stirred discontent. The government stirred discontent. The government outlawed unions and workers began to outlawed unions and workers began to organize strikesorganize strikes

MarxistsMarxists- people who believed in Karl - people who believed in Karl Marx’s views. They wanted to overthrow Marx’s views. They wanted to overthrow the czar and have the the czar and have the proletariat proletariat (workers) rule the country. (workers) rule the country.

The Revolutionary Movement The Revolutionary Movement GrowsGrows

In 1903 the Marxist group split in twoIn 1903 the Marxist group split in two

1.1.MensheviksMensheviks- want to develop industry - want to develop industry & large working class before starting a & large working class before starting a socialist revolution socialist revolution

2.2.BolsheviksBolsheviks- more radical and were - more radical and were willing to sacrifice everything for willing to sacrifice everything for change. They wanted to use force to change. They wanted to use force to bring Socialism immediately Their bring Socialism immediately Their leader was leader was Vladimir LeninVladimir Lenin

The Revolution of 1905The Revolution of 1905Bloody SundayBloody Sunday January 22, 1905- 200,000 workers January 22, 1905- 200,000 workers

petitioned for a better working petitioned for a better working condition, more personal freedom, and condition, more personal freedom, and an elected national legislature.an elected national legislature.

The soldiers were ordered to fire on the The soldiers were ordered to fire on the crowd killing several hundred.crowd killing several hundred.

This provoked violent strikes across the This provoked violent strikes across the countrycountry

The Revolution of 1905The Revolution of 1905 Czar Nicholas II reluctantly promised Czar Nicholas II reluctantly promised

more freedom and approved the more freedom and approved the creation of the creation of the Duma Duma (Russia’s first (Russia’s first parliament)parliament)

The leaders were moderates who The leaders were moderates who wanted Russia to become a wanted Russia to become a constitutional monarchyconstitutional monarchy

Not wanting to share power Czar Nicolas Not wanting to share power Czar Nicolas II dissolved the Duma after 10 weeksII dissolved the Duma after 10 weeks

The March RevolutionThe March Revolution Riots were wide spread in 1917 due to Riots were wide spread in 1917 due to

shortages of bread and fuel from WWI.shortages of bread and fuel from WWI. At first soldier shot the protesters, but At first soldier shot the protesters, but

later sided with them. later sided with them. The riots lead to an uprising that forced The riots lead to an uprising that forced

Czar Nicolas II to abdicate his throne.Czar Nicolas II to abdicate his throne. A year later his family and himself are A year later his family and himself are

executed by revolutionariesexecuted by revolutionaries

The March RevolutionThe March Revolution A provisional A provisional

government government (temporary (temporary government is set government is set up by the Duma).up by the Duma).

It is headed by It is headed by Alexander Alexander KerenskyKerensky

The Bolshevik RevolutionThe Bolshevik Revolution Lenin returns from exile. His slogan Lenin returns from exile. His slogan “Peace, “Peace,

Land, and BreadLand, and Bread”” is shouted in the streets is shouted in the streets

November 1917- The Bolshevik Red Guards November 1917- The Bolshevik Red Guards (factory workers) stormed the Winter Palace in (factory workers) stormed the Winter Palace in Petrograd and took over government offices. They Petrograd and took over government offices. They arrested the leaders of the provisional arrested the leaders of the provisional governmentgovernment

The Bolshevik RevolutionThe Bolshevik Revolution Lenin ordered all the farmland to be Lenin ordered all the farmland to be

distributed among the peasants and the distributed among the peasants and the control of factories be given to workerscontrol of factories be given to workers

The new Bolshevik government ended The new Bolshevik government ended Russia’s involvement in World War IRussia’s involvement in World War I– Treaty of Brest-Litovsk- between Russia and Treaty of Brest-Litovsk- between Russia and

Germany in 1918. Russia surrendered a large Germany in 1918. Russia surrendered a large part of Russia’s territory to Germany and its part of Russia’s territory to Germany and its allies.allies.

– The humiliating terms of the treaty angered The humiliating terms of the treaty angered many Russians many Russians

The Bolshevik RevolutionThe Bolshevik RevolutionRussian Civil War (1918-1920)Russian Civil War (1918-1920) White ArmyWhite Army- wanted to defeat the - wanted to defeat the

Bolshevik. They were aided by Western Bolshevik. They were aided by Western Countries including the U.S.Countries including the U.S.

Red ArmyRed Army- The Bolshevik army was led - The Bolshevik army was led by Leon Trotsky. They wanted to get rid by Leon Trotsky. They wanted to get rid of the enemies inside their country.of the enemies inside their country.

ResultResult: The Red Army won proving they : The Red Army won proving they were able to seize power and maintain it. were able to seize power and maintain it. Around 15 million people died in the Around 15 million people died in the struggle and in the famine that followed.struggle and in the famine that followed.

Lenin Rules RussiaLenin Rules RussiaNew Economic Policy (NEP)New Economic Policy (NEP) The revolution had destroyed the Russian The revolution had destroyed the Russian

Economy. Lenin sought to revive and Economy. Lenin sought to revive and restructure the government.restructure the government.

NEP reforms allowed peasants to sell their NEP reforms allowed peasants to sell their surplus crops instead of turning them over to surplus crops instead of turning them over to the government.the government.

The government kept control of major The government kept control of major industries. Banks. And means of industries. Banks. And means of communication, but it let some small factories, communication, but it let some small factories, businesses, and farms operate under private businesses, and farms operate under private ownership.ownership.

The economy slowly recovered.The economy slowly recovered.

Lenin Rules RussiaLenin Rules RussiaImpact of Lenin’s RuleImpact of Lenin’s Rule The country was named the Union of The country was named the Union of

Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR)Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) The Bolsheviks renamed their party the The Bolsheviks renamed their party the

““Communist PartyCommunist Party” implying the power ” implying the power belonged to the people (from Karl Marx)belonged to the people (from Karl Marx)

In reality the Communist Party held all In reality the Communist Party held all the power and was more like a the power and was more like a dictatorshipdictatorship

Class Activity Directions Class Activity Directions Purpose:Purpose: As a group you will learn about As a group you will learn about 11 event during the Russian event during the Russian

Revolution. In another group you will share the information you have and Revolution. In another group you will share the information you have and learn about the other events from the Russian Revolution. learn about the other events from the Russian Revolution. 

(5 min)- (5 min)- ReadRead through the information on the sheet through the information on the sheet individuallyindividually. Use . Use the reading techniques to help you read.the reading techniques to help you read.

(10 min)- (10 min)- Table share and writeTable share and write- Discuss the following answers with - Discuss the following answers with your group and fill in the box- make sure everyone has the same thing.your group and fill in the box- make sure everyone has the same thing.

(5 min)- (5 min)- Count OffCount Off (1,2,3,4- All 1’s at table 1/4)- Regroup to new tables (1,2,3,4- All 1’s at table 1/4)- Regroup to new tables (10 min)- (10 min)- Share Information- Share Information- Take turn and share your information Take turn and share your information

about each event from the Russian Revolution.about each event from the Russian Revolution. (5 min)- Discuss: (5 min)- Discuss: Impact of revolution on Russia under Lenin Impact of revolution on Russia under Lenin

(Positive or Negative?)(Positive or Negative?)

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Share OutShare Out Discuss: Discuss: Impact of revolution on Impact of revolution on

Russia under Lenin (Positive or Russia under Lenin (Positive or Negative?)Negative?)