Fossil Fuels

By: Jennifer Magdaleno

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What are fossil fuels? Fossil fuels- are fuels formed by natural

resources. Fossil fuels are found within the top layer of

the Earth's crust.

What are the different types of fossil fuels?

Three major forms of fossil fuels: coal, oil and natural gas. They were formed a long time ago.

How is coal formed? Coal is formed when

peat is altered physically and chemically. Its called coalification.

Describe the different stages of coal formation?

There are four main types of coal - anthracite, bituminous and lignite, peat.

Peat- vegetable is oxidized to water and carbon dioxide. Peat burns with a long flame and smoke.

Lignite- formed when peat is subjected to increased vertical pressure from accumulating sediments

Bituminous- all traces of plant life disappear. Anthracite- formed as a result of combined pressure and high

temperature

How is coal used as a fossil fuel? It is the most useful fuel Is used as a energy

provider. It is used to power

stations, by many people to heat their homes, to use electricity.

How is oil formed? From the remains of

animals and plants, ocean, oil deposits

How is oil used as a fossil fuel?

To fuel airplanes, cars, and trucks, to heat our homes gasoline, industrials.

How is natural gas formed? Natural gases are

formed of methane Natural gases is

found near petroleum underground.

How is natural gas used as a fossil fuel?

Natural gases is a good energy source. It burns cleaner than coal&oil It is used commerically,residentally, and

industrially and its used for paint, medication, plastics

It has fewer emissions

Exxon Valdez oil spill It happened in Alaska, on March 24, 1989. An oil tanker hit Prince William sounds bligh reef spilled an

estimated minimum 10.8 million US gallons oil. covered 1,300 miles of coastline The first cleanup they used dispersant, a surfactant and solvent

mixture They id a trial to conduct the spill to burn the oil. The test was

successful, it reduced 113,400 liters of oil to 1,134 liters. Mechanical cleanup was used too, using booms and skimmers

Thousands of animals died ; the best estimates include 100,000 The effects of the spill continued for many years. reductions in population have been seen in some ocean animals, Sea otters and ducks had higher death rates because they

ingested prey from contaminated soil and from ingestion of oil residues.

Deep water horizon oil catastrophe incident The fire in the started at 9:45 p.m. on April 20, 2010 Started with an oil well breakout which caused a catastrophic

explosion on the Deepwater Horizon offshore oil that was situated. BP has accepted responsibility for the oil spill and the cleanup costs Eleven workers are missing and might be dead, the explosion also

injured 17 others It could result in an environmental disaster if it reaches Gulf coast or

not The same day, the US Coast Guard announced plans to corral and

burn up to 1,000 barrels of oil on the surface each day. By April 29, 69 vessels including skimmers, tugs, barges and

recovery vessels were used in cleanup activities More than 400 species live in the islands and marshlands at risk of

being coated in oil. Initial cost estimates to the fishing industry were $2.5 billion,