forum of african parliamentarians for education eighth conference of ministers of education of...

Forum of African Parliamentarians for Education

Eighth Conference of Ministers of Education of African Member States

November 28 – December 6, 2002Dar-es-Salaam, Tanzania

EDUCATION FOR ALL: IS AFRICA ON TRACK?

John DanielAssistant Director-General for Education

UNESCO

The 2002 Global Monitoring Report

Education for All:is the world on track?

(an independent report on the evolution of education indicators, planning, resource requirements, and donor performance on commitments)


- Why Education for All (EFA)?



- What is Education for All?




- Where has Africa got to?





- How is the process going?

José Marti :

“All people, when they arrive on earth, have a right to be educated; and then in return, they have the obligation to educate others.”

José Marti :

“To educate is to give people the keys to the world, which are independence and love; granting them the ability to walk alone, at the happy pace which is that of natural and free individuals.”

HUMAN RIGHT

WHY EDUCATION?

HUMAN RIGHT

FRE

ED

OM

WHY EDUCATION?

DEVELOPMENT AS FREEDOMAmartya Sen

‘the removal of the various types of unfreedoms that leave people with

little choice and little opportunity of exercising their reasoned agency’


Freedom has:

- a constitutive role


Freedom has:

- a constitutive role

- an instrumental role

HUMAN RIGHT

FRE

ED

OM

DE

VE

LOP

ME

NT

WHY EDUCATION?

GET EQUAL

GGET EQUALG = Girls and GenderG = Girls and Gender

“to eliminate gendergender disparities in primary and secondary education by 2005

and achieve gendergender equality by 2015

with a special focus on ensuring full and equal access for girlsgirls to basic education of good quality.”

GEET EQUALE = Elementary/PrimaryE = Elementary/Primary

“to ensure that by 2015 all children, especially girls, children in difficult circumstances, and from ethnic minorities have access to and complete free and compulsory primary education of good quality.”

GETT EQUALT = TrainingT = Training

“to ensure that the learning needs of all young people are met through equitable access to appropriate learning and life skills programmes.”

GET EEQUALE = Early ChildhoodE = Early Childhood

“to expand and improve comprehensive early childhoodearly childhood care and education, especially for the most vulnerable and disadvantaged children.”

GET EQUQUALQU = QualityQU = Quality

“to improve all aspects of the qualityquality of education to achieve recognised and measurable learning outcomes for all – especially in literacy, numeracy and essential life skills.”

GET EQUALALAL = Adult LiteracyAL = Adult Literacy

“to achieve a 50 per cent improvement in levels of adult literacyadult literacy by 2015, especially for women, as well as equitable access to basic and continuing education for adults.”

The 2002 Global Monitoring Report

Education for All:is the world on track?

(an independent report on the evolution of education indicators, planning, resource requirements, and donor performance on commitments)

This report has shown that progress towards the six Dakar goals is insufficient: the world is not on track to achieve education for all by 2015. This judgement is based on a number of strands of evidence. …Three of the goals – universal primary education, gender equality and literacy – can presently be monitored quantitatively. Only 83 countries (accounting for just over one-third of the world’s population) have already achieved the three goals or have a high chance of doing so by 2015 on the basis of recent trends. In 43 countries (with 37% of the world’s population), at least one goal is likely to be missed, while a further28 countries (with 28% of the world’s population) are not on track to achieve any of them. Two thirds of those in the latter category are in sub-Saharan Africa, but they also include India and Pakistan.

EFA Global Monitoring Report, 2002

Of the three goals, literacy most frequently risks not being met: at present rate of progress, 79 countries will not be able to halve their rate of adult illiteracy by 2015. Universal primary education is unlikely to be reached in 57 countries, 41 of which have recently even been moving in the wrong direction. The position is slightly better as regards the gender goals, with 86 countries having already achieved gender parity in primary enrolments, and a further 35 countries being close to doing so.

EFA Global Monitoring Report, 2002

“…believing… in the unrestricted pursuit of

objective truth, and in the free exchange of ideas and knowledge, we…”

UNESCO Constitution 1946

Changes between 1990-2000

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PRIMARY EDUCATION(Africa – where data available)

Botswana, Gabon, Mauritius.

At riskAlgeria, Libya, Rwanda, Seychelles, Swaziland, Togo, Tunisia, Uganda

High Chance

Burundi, Central African Republic, Comoros, Djibouti, Equatorial Guinea, Lesotho, Madagascar, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Tanzania, Zambia.

Serious risk

Benin, Burkina, Chad, Côte d’Ivoire, Dem.Rep.Congo, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gambia, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Morocco, Mozambique,

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GENDER PARITY - PRIMARY (Africa – where data available)

High ChanceAlgeria, Botswana, Congo, Egypt, Gabon, Gambia, Kenya, Lesotho, Malawi, Mauritania, Mauritius, Namibia, Rwanda, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Tanzania, Tunisia, Uganda, Zimbabwe.

Low ChanceBenin, Burkina, CAR, Chad, Comoros, Côte d’Ivoire, Djibouti, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, India, Mali, Niger, Senegal, Togo.

At RiskMadagascar, South Africa, Swaziland,

Serious RiskAngola, Burundi, Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea, Ethiopia, Mozambique

Slow performer Fast performer Changes between 1990-2000

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LITERACY(Africa where data available)

At RiskBotswana, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Ghana, Lesotho, Mauritius, Namibia, South Africa, Swaziland, Tanzania, Tunisia, Zambia

Serious RiskAlgeria, Benin, Burkina, Burundi, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, DR of Congo, Djibouti, Egypt, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gambia, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Liberia, Mali, Mozambique, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Morocco, Niger, Nigeria, Rwanda, Senegal, Togo, Uganda

Low Chance

High ChanceCongo, Equatorial Guinea, Kenya, Libya, Zimbabwe

Dakar Composite: Primary, Literacy, Gender Parity

Group

E9

High Chance

Brazil

Mexico

Insufficient

Bangladesh

Egypt

China

Indonesia

At Risk

India

Nigeria

Pakistan

Dakar Composite: Primary, Literacy, Gender Parity

Group

Sub-Saharan Africa

High ChanceCongoGabonKenyaRwandaSeychellesZimbabwe

InsufficientBotswanaCape VerdeCôte d’IvoireGambiaGhanaLesothoMalawiMauritiusNamibiaSouth AfricaSwazilandTogoUgandaUR of Tanzania

At RiskBeninBurkina FasoBurundiCameroonCentral African Rep.ChadComorosDem.Rep.CongoEquatorial GuineaEritreaEthiopiaGuineaGuinea-BissauMadagascarMaliMozambiqueNigerNigeriaSenegalZambia





- How is the process going?

…only 22 specially prepared EFA plans will be completed by the end of 2002. However, there are a good number of other countries where Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper (PRSP)

processes have produced new documents of substance. In 15 of the 16 full PRSPs examined,

education goals were explicitly incorporated into the analysis. Yet these documents usually

fall well short of an integrated plan.

EFA Global Monitoring Report 2002, p. 188

“Although the Dakar requirement to produce EFA plans is wisely being

interpreted in context-specific ways by most countries, the external demands for PRSPs, sector plans, comprehensive EFA

plans and, in some cases, Fast-Track proposals, amount to a very demanding

agenda.”

EFA Global Monitoring Report 2002, p. 189

The Dakar promise

“no countries seriously committed to education for all will be thwarted in their achievement of this goal by

lack of resources”

“Representatives of the international donor community… have agreed to help seven developing countries – Burkina Faso, Guinea, Guyana, Honduras, Mauritania, Nicaragua and Niger – to make their education plans a reality. Work is now proceeding with these countries to build the required capacity, and to close a financing gap estimated at approximately US$400 million over the next three years (2003-05).”

Burkina FasoEthiopiaGambiaGhana GuineaMauritania

Fast-Track countries (Africa)

MozambiqueNigerUgandaTanzaniaZambia

CONCLUSIONS

1.EFA is a challenge for Africa

2. The world is ready to help

forum of african parliamentarians for education eighth conference of ministers of education of...

Documents

education unesco

continuing education

commitments education

secondary education

quality of education

basic education of good

human rightwhy education

freedom amartya sen