form2 matter

8/8/2019 Form2 Matter

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CHAPTER 3CHAPTER 3

MATTERMATTER

BY: NOR SHAFIZAN BT.BY: NOR SHAFIZAN BT.NORDINNORDIN


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MATTERMATTER

Matter has massand occupy space

a) What is thingb) What is matter

State of matter

a) What is matter

made up of?

b) Three state ofmatter

c) Arrangement anddevelopment of

particles in matter

Concept of density

a) Concept

b) Simple problemson density

c) Why some solidand liquid floating

d) Solving simpledaily problem related

To density

The use of propertiesof matter in everyday

life

a) Application of thedifferent state of

matter

b) Application ofdensity


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Matter has massand occupy space

b) MATTER

Definition: anything that hasmass and occupy space iscalled matter

Everything around us ismatter

Living

Non living

a) THING

Definition: all things around ushave mass and occupy space.

Example:

Books in the bag

Water in beaker

Air in balloon


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State of matter

a) What is matter made up of ?

Matter made up of very small particles

There are spaces between particles becausethey are discrete

To prove we use copper sulphate diffusion test

Particles of matter can move


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b) Three state of matter

1) Solid Example: rocks, animals, trees

2) Liquid Example: tea, rain, perfumes, alcohol

3) Gas Example: oxygen, hydrogen, carbon

dioxide


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c) Arrangement and development ofparticles in matter

SOLID LIQUID GAS

DIAGRAM

PARTICLES

ARRANGMENT close

quite close but not as

solid

very far from each

other

MOVEMENT vibrate on their ownposition move freely over oneanother move freely atrandom

FORCE BETWEEN

PARTICLES very strong less strong weak

KINETIC ENERGY little energy more energy a lot of energy

DENSITYhigh moderate low


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Concept of density

a) Concept

1) General concept Every different thing of the same volume do not

have the same mass Example stone and wood with the same volume. Stone have more mass than wood Stone have high density than wood

2) Definition Density is defined as the quantity of mass

contained in the substance for a unit volume


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3) Formula

DENSITY= MASSVOLUME

4) Unit

kg/m3 (kilogram per cubic metre)

g/cm3 (gram per cubic centimeter)

1ml=1cm3


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Experiment: Finding the density ofExperiment: Finding the density ofan objectan object

Weigh the mass of 5 marbles 30g

Reading of water level without marbles (initial reading) 20ml

Reading the water level after putting in 5 marbles 30ml

Volume of 5 marbles (30-20)ml

10ml

1ml=1cm

10ml=10cm

Density of marbles

D= mass/volume D= 30g/10cm

D= 3g/cm


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b) Simple problems on density


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c) Why some solid and liquid floating

STATE MATERIAL DENSITY(g/cm3)

SOLID Cork 0.25

Teak wood 0.85

Glass 2.6

Copper 8.9

Lead 11.4

Gold 19

LIQUID Kerosene 0.7

Alcohol 0.8

Water 1

Sea water 1.03Mercury 13.6

GAS Hydrogen 0.00009

Oxygen 0.0014

Air 0.0012

Ability of the substance to float isdepend on it density compared tothe density of water.

Density of water is 1.0 g/cm3

Substance with density lowerthan 1.0g/cm3 ( 1.0g/cm3) willfloat in the water

Ex: cork, alcohol, oxygen

Substance with density higherthan 1.0g/cm3 ( 1.0g/cm3) willsink in the water

Ex: lead, mercury


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d) Solving simple daily problemrelated to density

To identify the purity of thesubstances

Coz density of the substance is fixed

Example : golds density is 19.3g/cm3. Themore or less amount from that indicate that thegold is fake.

To carry heavy object Use helium gas

Example: special balloon filled with helium gasthen the balloons tied to the heavy object.


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The use of properties of matter ineveryday life

a) Application of the different state of matter

Each state has its own characteristic and benefit

Gas Special properties of gas is easily compressed and liquefied under high

pressure.

So gas used as fuel under high pressure and stored in gas cylinder foreasy use and transport.

Pumped into tyres to be used as wheel due to it easily compressedproperty.

Compressed oxygen used in hospitals to supply oxygen Diver used aqualungs which contain liquefied oxygen to stay longer

underwater

Liquid Special properties of liquid is takes up the shape of its container and

easily diffuse Used as perfume and liquor with beautiful containers

Solid Special properties of solid is strong substance Material such as iron used to build bridges and tracks


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b) Application of density

1. Hot air balloons

2. Floats

3. Rafts

4. Logs

5. Fishing net

6. Submarines

Submarines can change its density because theexiatance of large ballast tank.

Submarine moving down : filling the ballast tank withsea water makes the submarines denser than seawater and sinks.

Submarines rising : emptying the ballast tank makesthe submarine less dense and enables it to rise to thesurface of the sea.


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THE END


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ExercisesExercises

3.1(no. 1,2)

3.2(no. 2,3)

3.3 (no. 1-7) 3.4(no. 1-3)

Summary chart

Review question (all)

form2 matter

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