forestparcelization and forest fragmentation in the u.s., northeast, and vermont brett j. butler...
TRANSCRIPT
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ForestForest Parcelization and Parcelization and Forest Fragmentation in the Forest Fragmentation in the U.S., NortheastU.S., Northeast, and Vermont, and Vermont
Brett J. ButlerBrett J. Butler
U.S. Forest ServiceU.S. Forest Service
Forest Fragmentation and Parcelization RoundtableSeptember 18, 2006 – Vermont Technical College
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OutlineOutline
What?What?
So what?So what?
Why?Why?
When?When?
Where?Where?
What next?What next?
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What?What?
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44
Size of Forest Landholdings Size of Forest Landholdings (Owners)(Owners)
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
1-9 10-49 50-99 100-499 500-999 1000+
1978 1994 2002
Parcel Size (Acres)
Ow
ner
s (M
illi
on
s)
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55
Size of Forest Landholdings Size of Forest Landholdings (Area)(Area)
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
1-9 10-49 50-99 100-499 500-999 1000+
1978 1994 2002
Parcel Size (Acres)
Acr
es (
Mil
lio
ns)
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So what?So what?
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77
Ownership ObjectivesOwnership Objectives
0
25
50
75
100
0 250 500 750 1000
Parcel Size (Acres)
Rel
ativ
e Im
po
rtan
ce
Aesthetics
Timber
Home
Land Investment
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88
Timber HarvestingTimber Harvesting
0
25
50
75
100
0 200 400 600 800 1000
Parcel Size (Acres)
Har
vest
ing
Pro
bab
ilit
y
Average
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99
Plans and AdvicePlans and Advice
0
25
50
75
100
0 250 500 750 1000
Parcel Size (Acres)
Pro
bab
ilit
y
Average (Plans)
Advice Sought
Average (Advice)
Plans
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1010
Future IntentionsFuture Intentions
0
25
50
75
100
0 250 500 750 1000
Parcel Size (Acres)
Pro
bab
ilit
y
Harvest FirewoodTransfer Land
Buy Land
Harvest Sawlogs
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Why?Why?
Population pressuresPopulation pressures– More peopleMore people– Changing expectationsChanging expectations
Landowner turnoverLandowner turnover
Changing ownership Changing ownership objectivesobjectives
Timber industryTimber industry
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National Woodland Owner SurveyNational Woodland Owner Survey
Objectives:Objectives:– Who are the landowners?Who are the landowners?– Why do they own land?Why do they own land?– How do they use it?How do they use it?– How do they intend to use How do they intend to use
it?it?
Random sample of Random sample of private forest-land owners private forest-land owners in the U.S.in the U.S.Self-administered mail Self-administered mail questionnairequestionnaireAnnual designAnnual design
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Forest OwnershipForest Ownership
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Land Use Change in New England Land Use Change in New England (Acres per Year)(Acres per Year)
ForestForest Ag.Ag. Dev.Dev. OtherOther
ForestForest 9,5519,551 51,94051,940 28,83928,839
AgricultureAgriculture 33,12933,129 31,29831,298 1,8591,859
DevelopedDeveloped 27,39927,399 7,7637,763 8,0178,017
OtherOther 24,09524,095 00 14,90514,905
Current
Pre
vio
us
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Forest OwnershipForest OwnershipLand
Ownership
Federal
Family
CorporateIndustry
State &local
Family
ForestIndustry
OtherPrivate
FederalState &
local
######### ### ### #### #### #### #### #### ##### ##### ###### ##### ##### ##### ## ###### ###### ###### ###### ## ###### ###### ###### ## ##### ## ###### ###### ###### ## ##### ## ###### ###### ## ##### ## ##### ## ###### ###### ## ##### ## ##### ## ###### ## ##### ## ##### ## ##### ## ##### ## ## ##### ## ##### ## ##### ## ## #### ## ## ##### ## ##### ## ##### ## ## #### ## ## ##### ## ##### ## ## #### ## ## #### ## ## ##### ## ## #### ## ## #### ## ## #### ## ## ##### ## ## #### ## ## #### ## ## #### ## ## ## #### ## ## #### ## ## #### ## ## #### ## ## ## #### ## ## #### ## ## #### ## ## ## ### ## ## ## #### ## ## #### ## ## #### ## ## ## ### ## ## ## #### ## ## #### ## ## ## ### ## ## ## ### ## ## ## #### ## ## #### ## ## ## ### ## ## ## ### ## ## ## #### ## ## ## ### ## ## ## ### ## ## ## ### ## ## ## #### ## ## ## ### ## ## ## ### ## ## ## ### ## ## ## #### ## ## ## ### ## ## ## ### ## ## ## ### ## ## ## #### ## ## ## ### ## ## ## ### ## ## ## ### ## ## ## #### ## ## ## ### ## ## ## 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## ## # ## ## ## ## # ## ## ## # ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ### ## ### ## ## ## ## ## ### ## ### ## #### ## ### ## #### #### ##### #### #### ### ### ### ### ## ### ### ## ### ### ## ## #### ## #######################
TIMO/REIT
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1616
Ownership Change in New EnglandOwnership Change in New England(Acres per Year)(Acres per Year)
FederalFederalState/ State/ locallocal
Forest Forest IndustryIndustry
Other Other privateprivate FamilyFamily
Non-Non-forestforest
FederalFederal 5,8725,872 7,4627,462 27,26027,260 5,1175,117 10,93610,936
State/ localState/ local 00 1,7781,778 3,6183,618 2,7482,748 1,7121,712
Forest industryForest industry 5,2465,246 5,2305,230 514,790514,790 40,44240,442 11,94511,945
Other privateOther private 5,1005,100 130,207130,207 60,56960,569 163,068163,068 54,46154,461
FamilyFamily 13,99413,994 27,09327,093 17,40417,404 156,675156,675 387,334387,334
Non-forestNon-forest 4,7904,790 8,2028,202 00 3,2393,239 13,40513,405
Current
Pre
vio
us
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Who are the family forest owners?Who are the family forest owners?
Age: 61 yearsAge: 61 years
Occupation:Occupation:– Farmers, engineers, Farmers, engineers,
housewives, lawyers…housewives, lawyers…– 47% retired47% retired
Education: 70% at Education: 70% at least some collegeleast some college
Income: $60,000/yearIncome: $60,000/year
Owners
0
25
50
75
1-9 10-49 50-99 100-499
500+
Size of Holdings (ac)
Per
cent
age
Forestland
0
25
50
75
1-9 10-49 50-99 100-499
500+
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Ownership ObjectivesOwnership Objectives
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
Timber production
Hunting or fishing
Land investment
Other recreation
Family legacy
Nature protection
Privacy
Aesthetics
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1919
Forest ManagementForest Management
Timber harvesting: 73%Timber harvesting: 73%– Sawlogs: 56%Sawlogs: 56%– Pulpwood: 35%Pulpwood: 35%– Firewood: 48%Firewood: 48%
Non-timber forest Non-timber forest products: 24%products: 24%
Other activities:Other activities:– Roads (39%), fire hazard Roads (39%), fire hazard
reduction (14%), wildlife reduction (14%), wildlife (12%), tree planting (12%)(12%), tree planting (12%)
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2020
Forest Management (cont.)Forest Management (cont.)
ManagerManager– Owner: 75%Owner: 75%– Family: 9%Family: 9%– Forester: 16%Forester: 16%
Management plans: 33%Management plans: 33%
Advice: 41%Advice: 41%
Cost share programs: 7%Cost share programs: 7%
Easements: 7%Easements: 7%
Green certification: 4%Green certification: 4%
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2121
Landowners’ ConcernsLandowners’ Concerns
1.1. Property taxesProperty taxes
2.2. Family legacyFamily legacy
3.3. Air or water pollutionAir or water pollution
4.4. DumpingDumping
5.5. Insects or plant Insects or plant
diseasesdiseases
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2222
Future IntentionsFuture Intentions
1.1. Harvest firewoodHarvest firewood
2.2. Minimal activityMinimal activity
3.3. Harvest sawlogs or Harvest sawlogs or
pulpwoodpulpwood
4.4. Transfer all or part of Transfer all or part of
land to heirsland to heirs
5.5. No activityNo activity
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2323
Area of Private Forestland in Area of Private Forestland in VermontVermont
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
Mil
lio
ns
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2424
Family Forest Landholdings Family Forest Landholdings in Vermont by Areain Vermont by Area
0200400600800
10001200140016001800
1-9 10-49 50-99 100-499 500+
1973 1983 2004
Parcel Size (Acres)
Acr
es (
Th
ou
san
ds)
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2525
Family Forest Landholdings Family Forest Landholdings in Vermont by Number of Ownersin Vermont by Number of Owners
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
1-9 10-49 50-99 100-499 500+
1973 1983 2004
Parcel Size (Acres)
Ow
ner
s (M
illi
on
s)
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2626
Forest Parcel SizeForest Parcel Size
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2727
What next?What next?
PopulationForestlandPublic forestsForest industryTIMOs/REITsFamily forests
Land transfersParcelizationOwnership objectives
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2828
Questions?Questions?
Brett ButlerBrett Butler
U.S. Forest ServiceU.S. Forest ServiceNorthern Research StationNorthern Research StationForest Inventory & AnalysisForest Inventory & AnalysisFamily Forest Research CenterFamily Forest Research Center
Holdsworth Hall, Amherst, MAHoldsworth Hall, Amherst, MA
413.545.1387413.545.1387
[email protected]@fs.fed.us
www.fs.fed.us/woodlandownerswww.fs.fed.us/woodlandowners
Photo Credit: Rich Widmann