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January 1996 6-1

Section 6

Fluid-Loss AdditivesCementing Technology Manual

Section 6

Fluid-Loss Additives

Contents

LAP-1 .............................................................................................................................................. 6-3LA-2................................................................................................................................................. 6-5HALAD®-361A ................................................................................................................................ 6-7HALAD®-344 .................................................................................................................................. 6-9HALAD®-322L ...............................................................................................................................6-11HALAD®-322 ................................................................................................................................ 6-13Diacel LWL .................................................................................................................................... 6-15HALAD®-413 ................................................................................................................................ 6-17HALAD®-413L .............................................................................................................................. 6-19HALAD®-22A ................................................................................................................................ 6-22HALAD®-22AL .............................................................................................................................. 6-25HALAD®-14 .................................................................................................................................. 6-27HALAD®-9L .................................................................................................................................. 6-30HALAD®-9 .................................................................................................................................... 6-32HALAD®-4 .................................................................................................................................... 6-35HALAD®-10L ................................................................................................................................ 6-37HALAD®-100A .............................................................................................................................. 6-39HALAD®-9FS................................................................................................................................ 6-44HALAD®-14FS .............................................................................................................................. 6-45HALAD®-22A FS .......................................................................................................................... 6-46HALAD®-322 FS ........................................................................................................................... 6-47HALAD®-344 FS ........................................................................................................................... 6-48HALAD®-600 LE+ ......................................................................................................................... 6-49

Section 6


6-2 January 1996

Cementing Technology Manual

Notes:

January 1996 6-3

Section 6


Section 6


LAP-1

Description and Primary Function: LAP-1 is asynthetic polymer isolated from Latex. It functionsas a low temperature fluid-loss additive.

Interaction with Other Additives: Adding HR®-4 orHR-5 will adversely affect the performance of LAP-1. LAP-1 is not effective in salt cement. LAP-1 iscompatible with SCR-100.

Safety and Handling Procedures: Avoid creatingand inhaling dust. Avoid getting LAP-1 on skin andin eyes.

Properties:

Additive: LAP-1

Part No.: 70.15377

Specific Gravity: 1.33

Form: powder

Color: off-white

How Packaged: 50-lb bag

Bulk Density: 50 lb/cu ft (801 kg/m3)

Water Requirement: none

Absolute Volume: 0.0901 gal/lb; 0.0120 ft3/lb;0.7519 L/kg

Solubility in Water: @ 20°C, slightly soluble

Odor: odorless

Activity: 100%

Normal Range of Use in Wells:

Temperature: 60°F to 180°F (27°C to 82°C)

Concentration: 0.5 to 1.5%

Special Information:

Usage Restrictions: Do not use in high salt cement.

Section 6


6-4 January 1996


3

®

®

Table 6-1: Response of LAP-1 Under Low Temperature Conditions

1. Standard Cement + 1% LAP-12. 50:50 POZMIX A:Standard Cement + 2% Cal-Seal + 0.8% LAP-1 + 0.8% ECONOLITE

Slurry No.

Mix WaterSlurryWeight

SlurryVolume Temp

Viscosity(Bc)

Fluid Loss1,000 psi

gal/sk lb/gal ft /sk °F 20 min cc/30 min

1 6.0 14.50 1.40 80 5 499

2 5.2 14.50 1.20 80 13 65

Table 6-2: Compatibility of LAP-1 with Various Retarders

Premium cement, 1.0% LAP-1, 4.3 gal/sk water, 16.4 lb/gal

Retarder

TestTemperature

Atmospheric Consistometer

Fluid LossBc

°F Initial 20 min cc/30 min

None 80 10 17 20

0.5% HR -4 150 5 10 205

0.5% HR-5 150 8 25 320

0.5% SCR-100 150 3 7 16

January 1996 6-5

Section 6


LA-2

Description and Primary Function: LA-2, a syn-thetic latex emulsion, is a fluid-loss additive thatimparts good bonding and perforating properties.Cement that contains LA-2 is more resistant to acidand corrosive formation fluids than cement contain-ing conventional fluid-loss additives.

Interaction with Other Additives: LA-2 is not com-patible with large concentrations of retarders.

Safety and Handling Procedures: Avoid contactwith skin and eyes. Flush with water immediately ifLA-2 is splashed in eyes or on skin. Protect LA-2from freezing.

Properties:

Additive: LA-2

Part No.: 70.15412


Form: liquid

Color: white

How Packaged: 5 gal

Bulk Density: 9.18 lb/gal



Solubility in Water: miscible

Odor: sweet

pH: 7 to 8



Concentration: 0.5 to 1.5 gal/sk (1.89 to 3.79 L/sk)


Usage Restrictions: LA-2 is not recommended foruse in cement containing NaCl in excess of 10% byweight of mix water.

Section 6


6-6 January 1996


3

Table 6-3: Standard Cement With Latex (LA-2)

Slurry Properties

LA-2 gal/sk

Water

AtmosphericConsistometer

(Bc)80°F

Fluid LossSlurryWeight

SlurryVolume

gal/sk Initial 20 min cc/30 min lb/gal ft /sk

0.0 5.20 11 10 Dehydrated 15.60 1.18

0.9 4.00 13 28 30 15.96 1.13

0.9 4.50 11 25 27 15.54 1.20

0.9 5.00 9 11 28 15.10 1.25

0.9 5.50 7 7 26 14.80 1.33

0.9 6.00 5 6 24 14.50 1.40

Accelerated with 2% Calcium Chloride

0.9 4.00 18 21 30 15.96 1.13

0.9 4.50 9 17 28 15.54 1.20

0.9 5.00 9 9 24 15.10 1.25

0.9 5.50 7 9 21 14.80 1.33

0.9 6.00 5 7 20 14.50 1.40

January 1996 6-7

Section 6


HALAD ®-361A

Description and Primary Function: HALAD-361Ais a liquid fluid-loss additive. It is an aqueous solu-tion, not an oil suspension. HALAD-361A is com-patible with all cement retarders and can be used toformulate slurries with fluid loss as low as 20 cc/30min at 400°F. At low temperatures, HALAD-361A isnon-retarding. It can be used in salt-saturated ce-ment. HALAD-361A gradually loses effectiveness insalt cement as BHCT exceeds 200°F.

Secondary Effects: HALAD-361A acts as a dispers-ant.

Safety and Handling Procedures: HALAD-361Ahas a high pH and must be treated as a corrosivematerial. Excessive exposure to air will cause a filmto form on the surface of the product. Because of itshigh pH, avoid contact with skin and eyes.HALAD-361A will cause irritation and burns if notwashed from skin in a reasonable period of time.

Properties:

Additive: HALAD-361A

Part No.: 516.00433 (5 gal) 516.00434 (55 gal)


Form: liquid

Color: dark brown

How Packaged: 5-gal pail and 55-gal drum


Absolute Volume: 0.1111 gal/lb; 0.9346 L/kg;0.0150 ft3/lb


Odor: pungent

Freeze Point: 18°F (-7°C)

Pour Point: 23°F ( -5°C)

pH: 13.7

Activity: 20%





Effect on Slurry Properties:

1. disperses

Section 6


6-8 January 1996


b

aFor more extensive data, refer to Cementing Field Bulletin No. 74.bFluid-loss and thickening-time tests were conducted at BHCT unless otherwise indicated.

®

®

®

®

a

®

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Table 6-4: Response of HALAD -361A in Selected Field Designs

HALAD-361A Other Additives


(Bc) Free WaterFluid Loss

1,000 psi/325 meshThickening

Time

gal/sk % bowc Init 20 min % by vol cc/30 min hr:min

Trinity Lite Wate, 0.20% FWCA, 0.25% D-AIR 1, 1.4% HR -12, 5.75 gal water/sk, 16.4 lb/gal,BHCT = 248°F

1.0 none 5 4 0 (190°F) 80 8:25

Premium Cement, 35% SSA-1, 0.10% FWCA, 0.25% D-AIR 1, 0.65% HR-12, 5.35% gal water/sk,16.4 lb/gal, BHCT = 292°F

0.8 none 9 8 0.4 (190°F) 26 7:15

Premium Cement, 39% POZMIX A, 39% Silicalite, 53% SSA-1, 1.5% KCl, 0.36% FWCA,17.6 gal water/sk, 12.9 lb/gal, BHCT = 292°F

3.6 1.4 HR-12 -- -- -- 146 4:43

Premium Cement, 35% SSA-1, 4.7 gal water/sk, 16.2 lb/gal, BHCT = 292°F

1.01.3 HR-150.1 FWCA

9 50.2 (190°F)0.0 (290°F)

20 5:43

Premium Cement, 35% SSA-1, 42 lb HI-DENSE No.3/sk, 16 lb NaCl (sat'd)/sk, 5.2 gal water/sk,19.0 lb/gal, BHCT = 393°F

0.65 2.0 HALAD-374 12 10 0.2 (180°F) 22 (180°F) 3:27

Premium Cement, 12.8 lb NaCl/sk, 2.8 gal water/sk, 17.0 lb/gal, BHCT = 140°F

0.40 0.5 ECONOLITE 8 4 1.6 (140°F) 112 4:50

Table 6-5: HALAD -361A Performance at High Temperature

SCR-100 HR -25

294°FThickening

Time

294°FFluidLoss Fann Readings

% bwoc % bwoc hr:mincc/30min 300 200 100 6 3 600

0.80

0.40:14 30 268 182 94 8 4 524

1.0 0.5 6:59 22 320 218 112 10 6 596

0.8 0.5 5:29 18 -- -- -- -- -- --

January 1996 6-9

Section 6


HALAD ®-344

Description and Primary Function: HALAD-344 isa synthetic copolymer used to control filtrate loss inlow to moderate temperature applications. It iseffective in high water-to-cement ratio slurries andis a mild cement retarder. It is ideally suited forshallow cementing. The polymer is thermally stableat high temperatures but is incompatible with cur-rent high temperature retarders.

Secondary Effects: It increases zero gel time.

Interaction with Other Additives: HALAD-344 isincompatible with large concentrations of high-temperature retarders.

Safety and Handling Procedures: Avoid creatingand inhaling dust. Avoid getting HALAD-344 onskin and in eyes.

Properties:

Additive: HALAD-344

Part No.: 516.00227


Form: powder

Color: white

How Packaged: 50-lb drum/bag

Bulk Density: 10.3 lb/cu ft (165 kg/m3)


Absolute Volume: 0.0982 gal/lb; 0.0131 ft3/sk;

0.8201 L/kg

Solubility in Water: limited by viscosity

Odor: none

pH: neutral

Activity: 100%





Usage Restrictions: HALAD-344 is not recom-mended for use in cement containing NaCl in excessof 18% bwow.


1. slightly increases viscosity

Section 6


6-10 January 1996


® a

b

®

aFor more extensive data on HALAD-344, refer to Cementing Field Bulletin No. 67.b4.3 gal/sk waterc5.2 gal/sk water

b

b

c

c

c

c

Table 6-6: Performance of HALAD -344

Cement

SlurryWeight Temp HALAD-344


(Bc)

Fluid Loss1,000 psi325 Mesh

Screen

lb/gal °F % bwoc Initial 20 min cc/30 min

Premium Cement 16.4 190 0.6 13 13 34

Premium Cement0.5% HR -5

16.4 190 0.6 18 16 36

Premium Cement0.3% HR-12

16.4 190 0.6 18 10 30


15.6 1600.60.8

6 9

810

4432


15.6 1600.60.8

6 8

910

4434


15.6 1900.60.8

7 9

910

5836


15.6 1900.60.8

6 9

1011

5234

January 1996 6-11

Section 6


HALAD ®-322L

Description and Primary Function: HALAD-322Lis a non-aqueous, oil suspension of HALAD-322.

Secondary Effects: HALAD-322L acts as a mildcement retarder.

Interaction with Other Additives: It increases thesalt concentration and the retardation effect ofHALAD-322.

Safety and Handling Procedures: Avoid gettingHALAD-322 on skin and in eyes. Avoid creatingand inhaling dust.

Properties:

Additive: HALAD-322L

Part No.: 516.00204, 5 gal; 516.00338, 55 gal


Form: liquid suspension

Color: brown

How Packaged: 5 and 55 gal




Solubility in Water: disperses

Odor: kerosene

Pour Point: 15°F (-9°C)

Activity: 40%





Usage Restrictions: HALAD-322L is not recom-mended for use in slurries containing NaCl in ex-cess of 18% bwow.


1. disperses

Section 6


6-12 January 1996


aFor more extensive data on HALAD-322, refer to Cementing Field Bulletin No. 58.

® aTable 6-7: HALAD -322L Comparison Tests

Premium cement, 4.3 gal water/sk - 16.4 lb/gal.

Fluid-Loss Sample

Addition140°F AtmosphericConsistometer (Bc)

140°F Fluid Loss1,000 psi - 325 mesh

% bwoc or gal/10 bbl Initial 20 min cc/30 min

HALAD-322 0.75% 5 7 50

HALAD-322L 20.0 (gal/10 bbl) 6 7 40

January 1996 6-13

Section 6


HALAD ®-322

Description and Primary Function: HALAD-322 isa fluid-loss additive designed for use at low tem-peratures. HALAD-322 is compatible with 5% KCl,3% CaCl2, and NaCl up to 18% by weight of water.HALAD-322 is a dispersing fluid-loss additive.Because of this dispersing characteristic, care shouldbe taken in designing slurries with HALAD-322 toensure they possess adequate solids suspensionproperties.

Secondary Effects: HALAD-322 acts as a mild ce-ment retarder.

Interaction with Other Additives: Increasing thesalt concentration increases the retardation effect ofHALAD-322.


Properties:

Additive: HALAD-322

Part No.: 516.00144


Form: powder

Color: red




Absolute Volume: 0.0938 gal/lb; 0.7813 L/kg;0.7827 L/kg

Solubility in Water: limited by resultant viscosity

Odor: none

Activity: 100%





Usage Restrictions: HALAD-322 is not recom-mended for use in slurries containing NaCl in ex-cess of 18% bwow.


1. disperses

Section 6


6-14 January 1996


2

aFor more extensive data, refer to Cement Field Bulletin No. 58.

® aTable 6-8: Performance of HALAD -322 With Standard Cement

Test Temperature - 100°F

HALAD-322 Rheology Fluid Loss Free Water

125°FThickening

Time

% n' K' cc/30 min % hr:min

Standard cement with 5.2 gal/sk

0.0 0.21 0.59516 -- 0 1:15

0.75 0.72 0.00960 211 0 2:07

1.0 0.80 0.00713 88 0 2:15

Standard cement + 2% CaCl with 5.2 gal/sk

0.0 0.22 0.36817 -- -- 0:43

1.0 0.58 0.03712 204 -- 1:32

1.5 0.76 0.01492 58 -- 1:46

Standard cement + 4% gal with 7.8 gal/sk

0.10 1.01065 -- -- -- 1.00

1.01 1.01 0.00035 198 -- --

1.50 0.93 0.00089 90 -- --

January 1996 6-15

Section 6


Diacel LWL

Description and Primary Function: Diacel LWL is acellulose derivative which retards the set of cementwhile providing fluid-loss control. It is also usedwith certain other additives to formulate thixotropiccement slurries.

Secondary Effects: Diacel LWL is a strong retarder.

Interaction with Other Additives: It forms thixotro-pic cement when used with THIX-SET A, THIX-SET31A, or SCR-100.

Safety and Handling Procedures: Avoid creatingand inhaling dust. Avoid getting Diacel LWL onskin and in eyes.

Properties:

Additive: Diacel LWL

Part No.: 70.15526


Form: powder

Color: off-white


Bulk Density: 29 lb/cu ft (465 kg/m3)



Activity: 100%





Usage Restrictions: It is not recommended for usein high salt cement.


1. increases viscosity

Section 6


6-16 January 1996


Table 6-9: Premium Cement, 0.2% Diacel LWL, 4.3 gal/sk, 16.4 lb/gal

100°FAtmospheric

Consistometer(Bc)

Fluid Loss1,000 psi

Ambient Temp Fann Viscosity

ThickeningTime

(To 70 Bc)7 g/165°F

CompressiveStrength

24 hr/190°F

Initial 10 min cc/30 min 300 200 100 6 3 hr:min psi

8 6 870 101 79 53 5 4 5:34 3,300

Table 6-10: Premium Cement

DiacelLWL NaCl Water

190°FAtmospheric

Consistometer(Bc)

190°F/1,000 psiFluid Loss Fann Viscosity

% % gal/sk Initial 20 min cc/30 min 300 200 100 6 3

1.0 0 5.2 6 6 172 -- -- -- -- --

1.0 0 4.3 16 11 36 300+ 300+ 195 32 22

1.0 18 5.2 11 6 315 69 55 31 4 4

January 1996 6-17

Section 6


HALAD ®-413

Description and Primary Function: HALAD-413 isa synthetic polymer used to control filtrate loss in allcement conditions. It has minor retardation proper-ties when used at low temperatures, yet it is effec-tive at temperatures higher than 400°F. It providesfluid-loss control in seawater slurries or slurriescontaining 2% CaCl2, 5% KCl, or NaCl up to satura-tion. HALAD-413 is non-viscosifying for use indensified cements.

Secondary Effects: HALAD-413 is a mild cementretarder.

Interaction with Other Additives: HALAD-413 iscompatible with all cement retarders. HALAD-413is particularly effective at high temperatures whenused with GasStop.


Properties:

Additive: HALAD-413

Part No.: 516.00512


Form: powder

Color: dark brown

How Packaged: 50-lb sk



Absolute Volume: 0.0810 gal/lb, 0.0108 ft3/lb,0.6757 L/kg

Solubility in Water: soluble

Odor: sweet

pH: 7.5

Activity: 100%



Concentration: 0.2 to 3%



1. slightly disperses in freshwater cement

2. strongly disperses in high salt cement

Section 6


6-18 January 1996


Table 6-11: Performance of HALAD -413

HALAD-413Other

Additives


(Bc) Fann ReadingsFree

Water

Fluid Loss1,000

psi/325mesh

ThickeningTime

% bwoc % Initial 20 min 600 300 200 100 % by vol cc/30 min hr:min

Premium Cement, 35% SSA-1, 0.1% FWCA, 6.0 gal water/sk, 15.9 lb/gal

0.53.0%

HR -12 16 6 -- -- -- --0

(190°F)66

(190°F)5:33

(316°F)

0.51.75%HR-15

17 7 -- -- -- --0

(190°F)70

(190°F)4:55

(316°F)

Premium Cement, 35% SSA-1, HR -20 (1:1), 0.5% FWCA, 5.2 gal water/sk, 26.5 lb/gal

1.5 none 38 14 571 338 240130

(190°F)0

(400°F)40

(400°F)5:22

Premium Cement, 35% SSA-1, 14.9 lb salt/sk, 2.0% ECONOLITE, 1.0% HALAD-374, 4.7 gal water/sk,17.3 lb gal

1.5 none 14 7 220 120 8646

(180°F)0

(180°F)20

(180°F)6:10

(315°F)

Premium Cement, 35% SSA-1, 50 lb HI-DENSE No. 3/sk, 1.6% HR-12, 0.75% Component R, 0.5%Attapulgite, 0.25% D-AIR 1, 4.85 gal water/sk, 19.5 lb/gal

2.5 none 42 16 -- -- -- --0

(366°F)18

(366°F)5:07

Premium Cement, 35% SSA-1, 16.7 lb salt/sk, 10 lb HI-DENSE No. 3/sk, 0.07 gal HALAD-374/sk, 0.25%HALAD-24, 5.3 gal water/sk, 17.3 lb/gal

2.0 none 20 10 406 284 172 96(190°F)

0(180°F)

26(180°F)

5:20(315°F)

Premium Cement, 35% SSA-1, 18.1 lb salt/sk, 0.1% Diacel LWL, 5.8 gal water/sk, 16.5 lb/gal

2.5 none 6 4 130 68 44 21(180°F)

0(180°F)

54(180°F)

8:15(198°F)

Premium Cement, 35% SSA-1, 30 lb HI-DENSE No.3/sk, 16.4 lb salt/sk, 0.7 gal HALAD-374/sk, 4.9 galwater/sk, 18.2 lb/gal

2.0 none 15 14 420 236 18798

(190°F)0

(190°F)

20(190°F)

114(400°F)

6:30(426°F)

aFor more extensive data, refer to Cement Field Bulletin No. 79.bThickening-time tests were conducted at the same temperature as the fluid-loss test unless otherwiseindicated.

® a

b

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January 1996 6-19

Section 6


HALAD ®-413L

Description and Primary Function: HALAD-413Lis an aqueous solution of HALAD-413. It is water-based additive, not an oil suspension.

Secondary Effects: HALAD-413L is a mild cementretarder.

Interaction with Other Additives: HALAD-413L iscompatible with all cement retarders. HALAD-413Lis particularly effective at high temperatures whenused with GasStop.

Safety and Handling Procedures: Avoid gettingHALAD-413L on skin and in eyes. Prolonged orextended contact can cause mild irritation.

Properties:

Additive: HALAD-413L

Part No.: 516.00575, 5 gal; 516.00576, 55 gal


Form: liquid

Color: black

How Packaged: 5 gal and 55 gal





Odor: mild

Pour Point: 30°F (1°C)

pH: 6.3

Activity: 25%



Concentration: 0.08 gal/sk to 1.2 gal/sk (0.67 L/skto 10 L/sk)



1. slightly disperses in freshwater cement

2. strongly disperses in high salt cement

Section 6


6-20 January 1996


Table 6-12: HALAD -413L

HALAD-413LOther

Additives Temp


(Bc) Fann Viscosity

FluidLoss

325 MeshFree

WaterThickening

Time

gal/10 bbl gal/10 bbl °F Initial 20 min 600 300 200 100 cc/30 min % by Vol hr:min

Premium cement, 4.6 gal seawater /sk, 16.0 lb/gal

38 None 100 -- -- 293 161 111 59 30 -- --

38 None 140 -- -- 239 143 106 66 62 -- 1:38

Premium cement, 35% SSA-1, 6.1 gal water /sk, 16.0 lb/gal

28 8.2 HR -12L 245 -- -- 129 66 43 21 52 -- 4:54

26 13 HR-12L 308 -- -- 96 45 28 12 64 -- 5:22

38 2 HR-6L 186 5 8 -- -- -- -- 99 trace 5:08

22 12 HR-6L 190 4 4 -- -- -- -- 107 trace6:28

(230°F)

Premium cement, 35% SSA-1, 6.77 gal sat'd salt seawater /sk, 16.2 lb/gal

32 3 HR-6L 140 3 6 -- -- -- -- 68 0 --

31 1 FWCALiquid

126 7 8 -- -- -- -- 145 0 7:07

23 2 HR-6L 150 3 3 -- -- -- -- 142 1.6 5:37

401 HR-6L1 FWCALiquid

150 7 9 -- -- -- -- 160 0 7:24

23 3 HR-6L 167 3 3 -- -- -- -- 114 1.6 7:05

®

a

a

®

a

aVolume of seawater was adjusted for the presence of liquid additives so the indicated slurry weight wasmaintained.

January 1996 6-21

Section 6


Table 6-13: HALAD -413L

HALAD-413LOther

Additives Temp Fann ViscosityFluid Loss325 Mesh Free Water

ThickeningTime

gal/10 bbl gal/10 bbl °F 600 300 200 1001,000 psicc/30 min % hr:min

Premium cement, 4.6 gal seawater

5.33 gal seawater /sk, 15.8 lb gal

15.8 15.8 CFR-2L 130 79 43 30 17 1,115 trace 3:49

9.43 gal seawater /sk, 13.5 lb/gal

13.4267 FWCA

Liquid130 87 51 37 21 118 0.8 --

10.9 gal seawater /sk 13.0 lb/gal

19.33.08 FWCA

Liquid130 89 53 39 23 66 0.8 --


16.53.97 FWCA

Liquid130 -- -- -- -- 84 0.8 --


16.05.04 FWCA

Liquid130 -- -- -- -- 70 0.4 --

a

aThe test was conducted in conventional manner unless noted otherwise.bVolume of seawater was adjusted for the presence of liquid additives so the indicated slurry weight wasmaintained.cTwenty-four-hour compressive strength was 6,680 psi at 170°F.dTwenty-four-hour compressive strength was 840 psi at 130°F and 1,260 psi at 170°F.eTwenty-four-hour compressive strength was 950 psi at 130°F.fTwenty-four-hour compressive strength was 470 psi at 130°F.gTwenty-four-hour compressive strength was 120 psi at 130°F.

®

b

b

e

d

c

f

b

b

b

g

Section 6


6-22 January 1996


HALAD ®-22A

Description and Primary Function: HALAD-22A isa blend of a cellulose derivative and a dispersant. Itis a powder which is typically dry blended withcement. HALAD-22A provides filtrate control inslurries containing salt in concentrations up to 18%by weight of water.

Secondary Effects: HALAD-22A functions as acement retarder.

Interaction with Other Additives: HALAD-22A isincompatible with large concentrations of hightemperature retarders. It forms thixotropic slurrieswhen used with SCR-100. CFR-2 improves HALAD-22A’s performance.

Safety and Handling Procedures: Avoid gettingHALAD-22A on skin and in eyes. Avoid creatingand inhaling dust.

Properties:

Additive: HALAD-22A

Part No.: 70.15138


Form: powder

Color: off-white



Water Requirement: 0.4 to 0.5 gal/sk for more than0.5%


Solubility in Water: limited by viscosity

Odor: none

Activity: 100%



Concentration: 0.4% to 2.5%


Usage Restrictions: HALAD-22A is not recom-mended for use in slurries containing salt in excessof 18% by weight of mix water.



January 1996 6-23

Section 6


Table 6-14: Response of HALAD -22A to Varying Concentrations of HR -12

Premium Cement, HR-12, 1.23% HALAD-22A, 5.2 gal/sk, 15.6 lb/gal

HR-12 180°F Atmospheric Consistometer 180°F Fluid Loss

% bwoc Initial 20 min cc/30 min

0.5 14 9 281

0.4 10 6 216

0.3 10 5 186

0.2 10 8 105

0.1 10 9 88

®®

Section 6


6-24 January 1996


Table 6-15: Pressure-Temperature Thickening-Time andCompressive Strength Tests

WaterSlurryWeight

SlurryVolume HALAD -22A

ThickeningTime

API 16,000-ftLiner Schedule

Compressive Strength - psi3,000 psi Curing Pressure

gal/sk lb/gal ft /sk % hr:min1 Day260°F

1 Day320°F

3 Days320°F

Premium Cement + 35% SSA-1 + 0.5% HR -12

6.1 15.9 1.50 0.7 5:00+(3:17) 3,500 (3,295) 7,865 --

6.1 15.9 1.50 1.3 6:00+(3:56) 2,225 (2,425) 8,100 --

6.1 15.9 1.50 1.3 6:00+(4:42) 2,690 (3,575) 9,390 --

Premium Cement + 35% SSA-2 + 0.5% HR-12

4.3 17.3 1.26 0.7 2:35 3,765 2,865 4,000

4.3 17.3 1.26 0.7 4:41 4,515 2,915 5,565

Premium Cement + 35% SSA-2 + 12.3 lb HI-DENSE No, 3/sk + 0.5% HR-12

4.3 18.0 1.29 0.4 4:23 5,840 4,560 4,900

Premium Cement + 35% SSA-2 + 18% Salt + 1.23 lb HI-DENSE No. 3/sk + 0.5% HR-12

4.6 18.0 1.37 0.8 4:25 4,140 3,715 4,250

Premium Cement + 35% SSA-2 + 18% Salt + 0.5% HR-12

4.3 17.5 1.29 0.7 3:41 4,500 4,165 --

a

3

aFor more extensive data, refer to Cementing Field Bulletin No. 42.bContains 0.75% CFR-2cSlurries contained 0.30% HR-12

®

®

®

b

b

b

b

c

c

c c

c

c

January 1996 6-25

Section 6


HALAD ®-22AL

Description and Primary Function: HALAD-22ALis a non-aqueous, oil suspension of HALAD-22A.

Secondary Effects: HALAD-22AL functions as acement retarder.

Interaction with Other Additives: HALAD-22AL isincompatible with large concentrations of hightemperature retarders. It forms thixotropic slurrieswhen used with SCR-100. CFR-2 improves HALAD-22AL’s performance.

Safety and Handling Procedures: Avoid gettingHALAD-22AL on skin and in eyes. Avoid breathingvapors. Do not allow HALAD-22AL to come incontact with water before use because the additivewill gel.

Properties:

Additive: HALAD-22AL

Part No.: 516.00203, 5 gal; 516.00359, 55 gal



Color: amber



Water Requirement: 0.4 to 0.5 gal/sk (1.51 to 1.89L/sk) for concentrations exceeding 0.14 gal/sk (0.53L/sk)

Absolute Volume: 0.0154 ft3/lb; 0.9615 L/kg; 0.1152gal/lb


Odor: kerosene

Flash Point: 255°F (123°C)


Activity: 40%



Concentration: 0.11 gal/sk to 0.69 gal/sk (0.43 L/skto 2.6 L/sk)


Usage Restrictions: HALAD-22AL is not recom-mended for use in slurries containing salt in excessof 18% by weight of mix water.



Section 6


6-26 January 1996


Table 6-16: HALAD -22AL Fluid-Loss Comparison Tests

Premium Cement, 35% SSA-2, 18% NaCl, 0.4% HR -12, 5.2 gal water/sk - 15.6 lb/gal

Fluid-Loss Sample

Addition

Viscosity (Bc) 190°F

190°F Fluid Loss1,000 psi - 325 mesh

Atmospheric Consistometer(Bc)


HALAD-22A 1.0% 19 13 270

HALAD-22AL 21.9 (gal/10 bbl) 17 8 230

HALAD-22A 1.2% 23 12 83

HALAD-22AL 26.3 (gal/10 bbl) 19 9 32

aFor more extensive data on HALAD-22AL, refer to Cementing Field Bulletin No. 42.bCalculated value

® a

®

b

b

b

January 1996 6-27

Section 6


HALAD ®-14

Description and Primary Function: HALAD-14 is ablend of CFR-2 and Diacel LWL (usually in a 3:1ratio) designed to control fluid loss at circulatingtemperatures higher than 170°F (77°C).

Secondary Effects: HALAD-14 functions as a ce-ment retarder.

Interaction with Other Additives: HALAD-14 isincompatible with large concentrations of hightemperature retarders. HALAD-14 forms thixotro-pic slurries when used with SCR-100.

Safety and Handling Procedures: Avoid creatingand inhaling dust. Avoid getting HALAD-14 onskin and in eyes.

Properties:

Additive: HALAD-14

Part No.: 70.15374


Form: powder

Color: tan






Odor: none





Usage Restrictions: HALAD-14 should not be usedin cement containing high salt.


1. slightly increases viscosity

Section 6


6-28 January 1996


16:00

12:00

8:00

4:00

∆ ∆ ∆ ∆ ∆ T

hic

ken

ing

Tim

e

1.0%

0.5%

Fig. 6-1: HALAD-14 with Premium Cement Retarder, 4.0% gel, 6.9 gal/sk (26.1 L/sk) water.

HALAD®-14

20:00

16:00

12:00

8:00

4:00

∆ ∆ ∆ ∆ ∆ T

hic

ken

ing

Tim

e

Conditions: 16,000 ft (4,877 m) Liner

4% Gel

NEAT18% NaCl

Fig. 6-2: HALAD-14 with Premium Cement, 35% SSA-2, HR®-12, 4.5 gal/sk (17.0 L/sk) water.

HALAD-14

0

Circulating Temperature °F (°C)100 (38) 200 (93) 300 (149)

HALAD-14 — %1.00.5 1.5

0

January 1996 6-29

Section 6


Fig. 6-3: Halad-14 with Premium Cement, 35% SSA-2, Retarder, 5.2 gal/sk (19.7 L/sk) water.

500

400

300

200

100

100 (38) 200 (93) 100 (38)0

Flu

id L

oss

- cc

/30

min

Temperture °F (°C)

HALAD ®-14

Section 6


6-30 January 1996


HALAD ®-9L

Description and Primary Function: HALAD-9L is anon-aqueous oil suspension of HALAD-9.

Secondary Effects: It functions as cement retarder.

Interaction with Other Additives: HALAD-9Limparts thixotropy to slurries containing SCR-100.

Safety and Handling Procedures: Avoid gettingHALAD-9L on skin and in eyes. Avoid breathingvapors. Refer to MSDS for additional precautions.Do not allow HALAD-9L to come in contact withwater before use because the additive will gel.

Properties:

Additive: HALAD-9L

Part No.: 516.00205, 5 gal; 516.00360, 55 gal



Color: amber



Water Requirement: 0.4 to 0.5 gal/sk (1.51 to 1.89L/sk) for HALAD-9L exceeding 0.13 gal/sk (0.49L/sk)

Absolute Volume: 0.1124 gal/lb; 0.938 L/kg; 0.0150ft3/lb


Odor: kerosene



Activity: 40%





Usage Restrictions: HALAD-9L is not recom-mended for use in high-salt cement.



January 1996 6-31

Section 6


Table 6-17: HALAD -9L Comparison Tests

Premium Cement, 5.0 gal water/sk - 15.8 lb/gal

Fluid-Loss Sample

Addition140°F AtmosphericConsistometer (Bc)

140°F Fluid-Loss1,000 psi - 325 mesh


HALAD-9 0.6% 5 5 45

HALAD-9L 13.5 (gal/10 bbl) 4 5 60

HALAD-9 0.8% 6 8 26

HALAD-9L 18.1 (gal/10 bbl) 5 7 22

®

Section 6


6-32 January 1996


HALAD ®-9

Description and Primary Function: HALAD-9 is ablend of a cellulose derivative and a dispersantused to control loss of filtrate from cement. It is apowder which is typically dry blended with cement.It provides moderate filtrate control at bottomholecirculation temperatures less than 200°F (93°C).

Secondary Effects: It functions as cement retarder.

Interaction with Other Additives: HALAD-9 im-parts thixotropy to slurries containing SCR-100.

Safety and Handling Procedures: Avoid gettingHALAD-9 on skin and in eyes. Avoid creating andinhaling dust.

Properties:

Additive: HALAD-9

Part No.: 70.15556


Form: powder

Color: light tan

How Packaged: 50-lb fiber drum


Water Requirement: 0.4 to 0.5 gal/sk (1.51 to 1.89L/sk) for concentrations exceeding 0.5%

Absolute Volume: 0.0982 gal/bbl; 0.0131 ft3/lb;0.8197 L/kg


Odor: none

pH: 5.5

Activity: 100%



Concentration: 0.4% to 1.5%


Usage Restrictions: HALAD-9 is not recommendedfor use in high-salt cement.



January 1996 6-33

Section 6


25

20

15

10

5

0.5 1.51.0

No Salt

Initi

al V

isco

sity

- U

c

HALAD ®-9 % bwoc

HALAD ®-9

18.0% Salt3.0% Salt

Fig. 6-4: HALAD®-9 with Premium Cement, 5.2 gal/sk (19.7 L/sk) water.

Fig. 6-5: HALAD-9 with Premium Cement, 35% SSA-2, 0.2% HR®-4, 5.2 gal/sk (19.7 L/sk) water.

25

20

15

10

5

0.5 1.51.0

No Salt

Initi

al V

isco

sity

- U

c

HALAD ®-9 % bwoc18.0% Salt3.0% Salt

Section 6


6-34 January 1996

Cementing Technology ManualFl

uid

Los

s cc

/30

min

500

800

200

400

100

0

HALAD®-9

600

1.0% HALAD-9

1.25% HALAD-9

1.50% HALAD-9

Fig. 6-6: HALAD-9 with Premium Cement, 0.2% HR®-4, 5.2 gal/sk (19.7 L/sk) water.

100 (38) 200 (93) 300 (149)Temperature °F (°C)

January 1996 6-35

Section 6


HALAD ®-4

Description and Primary Function: HALAD-4 is asynthetic copolymer used to control filtrate loss inlow temperature applications. Good fluid-loss con-trol has been obtained in lightweight slurries, e.g.,Halliburton Light, Trinity Lite Wate, gel, andECONOLITE slurries. HALAD-4 is non-retarding atlow temperatures.

Secondary Effects: HALAD-4 retards the set ofcement at circulating temperatures higher than125°F.

Safety and Handling Procedures: Avoid creatingand inhaling dust. HALAD-4 contains a smallamount of (

Section 6


6-36 January 1996


Table 6-18: HALAD -4

HALAD-4 TempAtmospheric Consistometer

Slurry Viscosity - Bc

Fluid-Loss1,000 psi325 mesh

ThickeningTime

% °F Initial 20 min cc/30 min hr:min

12.5 lb/gal

Premium cement + 2% ECONOLITE, 12.4 gal/sk seawater

1.0 80 5 6 108 99

1.5 80 5 8 70 7:16

1.5 100 6 8 58 3:10

1.5 120 6 7 46 1:46

Trinity Lite-Wate, 8.8 gal/sk seawater

1.0 80 14 19 120 4:49

1.0 100 12 13 100 1:55

1.0 120 10 12 100 1:15

1.5 80 20 17 50 --

Premium Cement + 2% ECONOLITE, 12.4 gal/sk

1.0 80 4 5 96 8:50+

1.0 100 4 5 94 11:00

1.0 120 4 4 92 11:00+

12.6 lb/gal

Premium Cement + 12% Bentonite, 12.9 gal/sk seawater

1.0 80 9 11 120 --

1.5 80 10 11 56 5:06

1.5 100 10 12 64 3:23

1.5 120 10 12 64 1:50

Standard Cement + 12% Bentonite, 13.2 gal/sk seawater

1.0 80 9 10 110 --

1.5 80 11 16 68 6:46

1.5 100 11 12 70 2:30

1.5 120 11 12 72 1:12

®

January 1996 6-37

Section 6



Usage Restrictions: It is not recommended for usein cement containing NaCl in excess of 10% byweight of mix water.



HALAD ®-10L

Description and Primary Function: HALAD-10L isa cellulose-based, liquid fluid-loss additive for usein offshore locations. Good fluid-loss control can beobtained in Premium (fine) or Premium cement.

Secondary Effects: HALAD-10L functions as acement retarder.

Interaction with Other Additives: HALAD-10Lforms thixotropic slurries when used with SCR-100.CFR-2 improves HALAD-10L’s performance.

Safety and Handling Procedures: HALAD-10L is ahigh pH material and should not be allowed toremain on skin. HALAD-10L should be rinsed fromskin as soon as possible after contact. Vapors, mist,or spray can cause eye irritation.

Properties:

Additive: HALAD-10L

Part No.: 516.00251, 5 gal; 516.00497, 55 gal


Form: liquid

Color: amber


Bulk Density: 9.2



Solubility in Water: complete

Odor: none

Freeze Point: 10°F (-12°C)


pH: 12.4

Activity: 15%



Concentration: 34 to 50 gal/10 bbl

Section 6


6-38 January 1996


Table 6-19: Properties of HALAD -10L

Viscosities (Bc), Fluid Losses, Thickening Times, and Compressive StrengthsCementing Slurries Mixed at w/c = 0.46 or 5.2 gal/sk - Synthetic Seawater

Type ofCement

SSA-2 HALAD-10Add'l

CFR-2 Temp

Atm.Consistometer

(Bc)Fluid Loss1,000 psi

ThickeningTime 24-hr

Comp.Stg.

3,000 psi%gal/10 bbl

water % °F Initial 20 min cc/30 min Mod. Csg.

Premium -- 34 0.50 110 4 8 44 7:52 2,525

Premium -- 34 0.50 140 6 8 68 3:09 2,875

Premium 35 50 0.50 190 10 11 40 2:25 2,960

Premium(fine)

-- 34 0.25 110 5 6 42 6:27 3,175

Premium(fine)

-- 34 0.50 140 5 7 48 6:04 4,310

Premium(fine)

35 50 0.50 190 9 6 96 2:38 5,625

aFor more extensive data, refer to Cementing Field Bulletin No. 53.

® a

January 1996 6-39

Section 6


HALAD ®-100A

Description and Primary Function: HALAD-100Ais a powdered, fluid-loss additive designed to pro-vide fluid-loss control in a variety of applications.

Secondary Effects: HALAD-100A mildly retardsthe set of cement.

Safety and Handling Procedures: Exposure toHALAD-100A can cause eye and skin irritation.Wear mask, gloves, goggles, and coveralls. Washeyes with water and skin with soap and water.

Properties:

Additive: HALAD-100A

Part No.: 516.00759


Form: powder

Color: pale yellow

How Packaged: sk

Bulk Density: 15.62 lb/cu ft


Odor: faint

Activity: 100%







Section 6


6-40 January 1996


Table 6-20: HALAD -100A Test Data

Slurry Composition 1 2 3 4

Premium (fine) Cement (%)SSA-1 (%)HALAD-100A (%)CFR-3 (%)Salt (%)HR -4 (%)Water (%)

100.00.01.00.514.00.040.0

100.035.01.0

0.256.720.3

56.0

100.035.00.750.250.00.2

54.0

100.035.01.0

0.255.60.4

56.0

Density (kg/L)Yield (L/100 kg)

2.0276.2

1.95102.6

1.9198.9

1.92102.2

Thickening Time @ °F(hr:min)Stirring Fluid Loss @ °F(cc/30 min)

--14058

1947:1619456

2003:0520048

2102:2921056

Free Water @ °F

API (%)Settling (%)

ambient

2.8nil

194

nilnil

176

nilnil

176

nilnil

UCA Strength @ °F

Initial Set (hr:min)

500 psi (hr:min)

Str. @ Time(psi @ hr:min)

--

--

--

230

5:38

6:21

2,700 @24:00

200

8:48

9:37

2,000 @14:00

--

--

--

Fann Readings @ Surface

600 rev/min 300 rev/min


6 rev/min 3 rev/min

300+ 198

141 79

7 5

245 135

95 52

6 4

254 150

110 67

17 15

300+ 175

125 70

8 5

Fann Readings @ °F



6 rev/min 3 rev/min

140

300+ 160114 63

7 5

180

197 116

84 48

5 3

180

226 140

105 63

8 6

180

259 155

133 64

5 3

c

aConducted in a regular fluid-loss cell.bFree water was a thin slurry.cSlurry was preconditioned in HP-HT consistometer at thickening-time test temperature.dSlurry was not preconditioned in HP-HT consistometer.

®

a

b

d

c c c

®

January 1996 6-41

Section 6


Table 6-20: HALAD -100A Test Data (cont.)


Premium (fine) Cement (%)SSA-1 (%)HALAD-100A (%)CFR-3 (%)Salt (%)HR -4 (%)Water (%)

100.035.01.00.05.60.356.0

100.035.01.0

0.255.60.3

56.0

100.035.0

100.250.55.60.3

56.0

100.035.01.00.05.60.8

56.0

Density (kg/L)Yield (L/100kg)

1.92102.2

1.92102.2

1.92102.2

1.92102.4

Thickening Time @ °F(hr:min)

Stirring Fluid Loss @ °F(cc/30 min)

2053:02

205120

--

20562

--

20568

2304:30+

25050

Free Water @ °F

API (%)Settling (%)

176

nilnil

176

nilnil

176

nilnil

176

nilnil

UCA Strength @ °F


500 psi (hr:min)


--

--

--

--

--

--

--

--

--

250

5:20

5:35

1,000 @6:00




6 rev/min 3 rev/min

300+ 184

130 72

8 5

300+ 182

127 69

7 5

300+ 172

119 65

7 5

242 143

103 61

15 13

Fann Readings @ °F



6 rev/min 3 rev/min

180

236 143

104 59

6 4

180

284 181

140 89

15 13

180

260 157

114 67

8 6

180

197 117

84 47

4 2

a

a

aSlurry was preconditioned in HP-HT consistometer at stirring fluid-loss test temperature.

®

®

Section 6


6-42 January 1996


®Table 6-20: HALAD -100A Test Data (cont.)


Premium (fine) Cement (%)SSA-1 (%)HALAD-100A (%)Salt (%)KCl (%)HR -4 (%)Bentonite PreHydrated (%)Water (%)

100.035.01.00.03.00.40.0

54.0

100.035.01.05.60.00.5

0.7556.0

100.035.01.00.02.70.71.0

54.0

100.035.00.755.60.01.01.0

54.0


1.9399.6

1.92102.6

1.9399.8

1.9298.4



2103:48

21062

2165:49

21656

2203:31

22072

(0.6% HR-4)

--

22062

Free Water @ °F

API (%)Settling (%)

176

nilnil

158

nilnil

176

nilnil

158

nilnil

UCA Strength @ °F


500 psi (hr:min)


--

--

--

--

--

--

250

5:24

5:59

3,000 @90:00

--

--

--




6 rev/min 3 rev/min

300+ 167

118 65

7 5

300+ 231

164 92

12 10

-- 291

216 124

19 14

300+ 243

181 110

18 12

Fann Readings @ °F



6 rev/min 3 rev/min

180

260 163

124 77

12 9

180

231 133

95 53

4 3

180

-- 163

117 67

7 4

180

298 166

120 70

8 5

®

a

a

aSlurry preconditioned in HP-HT consistometer at stirring fluid-loss test temperature.

January 1996 6-43

Section 6


a

a

®

®

®

aSlurry was preconditioned in HP-HT consistometer at thickening-time test temperature.bSlurry was not preconditioned in HP-HT consistometer.

bb

Table 6-20: HALAD -100A Test Data (cont.)


Premium (fine) Cement (%)SSA-1 (%)HI-DENSE No.3 (%)HALAD-100A (%)CFR-3 (%)Microblock (%)HR -4 (%)HR-12 (%)Salt (%)Water (%)

100.035.00.0

0.750.5

10.00.20.00.0

55.0

100.035.00.0

0.750.0

10.00.80.00.0

55.0

100.035.080.01.00.5

15.00.00.6

24.049.96

100.035.090.01.00.5

15.00.00.6

25.654.31


1.88106.6

1.88106.4

2.30135.4

2.30142.3



1965:52

196 48

2285:41

228 54

--

279 42

--

220 62

Free Water @ °F

API (%)Settling (%)

--

----

176

nilnil

176

nilnil

176

nilnil

UCA Strength @ °F


500 psi (hr:min)


212

6:217:10

2,400 @27:00

257

5:29

6:27

2,953 @73:27

--

--

--

--

--

--




6 rev/min 3 rev/min

180

300+ 167

118 65

7 5

180

300+ 231

164 92

12 10

-- 268

204 193

39 37

-- 260

190 185

42 39

Fann Readings @ °F



6 rev/min 3 rev/min

180

-- --

-- --

-- --

180

206 125

92 52

4 3

180 200

-- 160

114 103

5 3

180

-- 168

126 115

10 7

b b

Section 6


6-44 January 1996


HALAD ®-9FS

Description and Primary Function: HALAD-9FS isa non-aqueous, oil suspension of HALAD-9. It canbe purchased pre-mixed in 5-gal and 55-gal contain-ers.

Secondary Effects: HALAD-9FS is a cement re-tarder.

Interaction with other Additives: It imparts thixo-tropy to slurries containing SCR-100.

Safety and Handling Procedures: Avoid gettingHALAD-9FS on skin and in eyes. Avoid breathingvapors. Do not allow HALAD-9FS to come in con-tact with water before use because the additive willgel.

Properties:

Additive: HALAD-9FS

Part No.: 516.00684, 5 gal; 516.00685, 55 gal;516.00686, bulk



Color: white

How Packaged: 5 gal, 55 gal, and bulk


Water Requirement: 0.4 to 0.5 gal/sk (1.5 to 1.9 L/sk) for HALAD-9FS exceeding 0.1 gal/sk (0.39 L/sk)

Absolute Volume: 0.1177 gal/lb (0.9804 L/kg)

Solubility in Water: @ 20°C, 40 g/100 ml

Odor: slight kerosene



Activity: 50%








January 1996 6-45

Section 6


HALAD ®-14FS

Description and Primary Function: HALAD-14FSis a non-aqueous, oil suspension of HALAD-14. Itcan be purchased pre-mixed in 5-gal and 55-galcontainers or made in the field in bulk quantities.

Secondary Effects: HALAD-14FS is a cement re-tarder.

Interaction with other Additives: It is incompatiblewith large concentrations of high temperature re-tarders. It forms thixotropic slurries when used withSCR-100.

Safety and Handling Procedures: Avoid gettingHALAD-14FS on skin and in eyes. Avoid breathingvapors. Do not allow HALAD-14FS to come incontact with water before use because the additivewill gel.

Properties:

Additive: HALAD-14FS




Color: white








Activity: 50%








Section 6


6-46 January 1996


HALAD ®-22A FS

Description and Primary Function: HALAD-22AFS is a non-aqueous, oil suspension of HALAD-22A.It can be purchased pre-mixed in 5-gal and 55-galcontainers or made in the field in bulk quantities.

Secondary Effects: HALAD-22A FS is a cementretarder.

Interaction with other Additives: It is incompatiblewith large concentrations of high temperature re-tarders. It forms thixotropic slurries when used withSCR-100. CFR-2 improves HALAD-22A FS's perfor-mance.

Safety and Handling Procedures: Avoid gettingHALAD-22A FS on skin and in eyes. Avoid breath-ing vapors. Do not allow HALAD-22A FS to comein contact with water before use because the addi-tive will gel.

Properties:

Additive: HALAD-22A FS




Color: white



Water Requirement: 0.4 to 0.5 gal/sk (1.5 to 1.9 L/sk) for HALAD-22A FS exceeding 0.11 gal/sk (0.42L/sk)






Activity: 50%





Usage Restrictions: It is not recommended for usein slurries containing more than 18% salt by weightof mix water.



January 1996 6-47

Section 6


HALAD ®-322 FS

Description and Primary Function: HALAD-322 FSis a non-aqueous, oil suspension of HALAD-322. Itcan be purchased pre-mixed in 5-gal and 55-galcontainers or made in the field in bulk quantities.

Secondary Effects: HALAD-322 FS is a cementretarder.

Interaction with other Additives: Increasing thesalt concentration increases the retardation effect ofHALAD-322 FS.

Safety and Handling Procedures: Avoid gettingHALAD-322 FS on skin and in eyes. Avoid breath-ing vapors. Do not allow HALAD-322 FS to come incontact with water before use because the additivewill gel.

Properties:

Additive: HALAD-322 FS




Color: dark red









Activity: 50%







1. disperses

Section 6


6-48 January 1996


HALAD ®-344 FS

Description and Primary Function: HALAD-344 FSis a non-aqueous, oil suspension of HALAD-344. Itcan be purchased pre-mixed in 5-gal and 55-galcontainers or made in the field in bulk quantities.

Secondary Effects: HALAD-344 FS increases zerogel time.

Interaction with other Additives: It is incompatiblewith large concentrations of high temperature re-tarders.

Safety and Handling Procedures: Avoid gettingHALAD-344 FS on skin and in eyes. Avoid breath-ing vapors. Do not allow HALAD-344 FS to come incontact with water before use because the additivewill gel.

Properties:

Additive: HALAD-344 FS




Color: white





Solubility in Water: soluble




Activity: 35%








January 1996 6-49

Section 6


HALAD ®-600 LE+

Description and Primary Function: HALAD-600LE+ is a cementing fluid-loss additive for operationsthat require an environmentally acceptable alterna-tive. HALAD-600 LE+ has the same fluid-loss con-trol and rheology as HALAD-361A. HALAD-600LE+ is a nonviscosifying, slightly retarding additive.In contrast to HALAD-361A, HALAD-600 LE+ willnot degrade (become more viscous) when in contactwith air. As temperature increases, more HALAD-600 LE+ will be needed to obtain the required fluid-loss control. In most cases, an extender will berequired to stabilize the slurry and minimize freewater.

Secondary Effects: HALAD-600 LE+ acts as a mildretarder and dispersant.

Interaction with other Additives: It is compatiblewith sea water and saturated salt water. As tem-perature increases, Microblock or Silicalite 97L inconcentrations of 5 to 15 l/100 kg can be used toextend the slurry and provide additional compres-sive strength. In high-temperature slurry designs,the retarder combination SCR-100/HR®-25 is pre-ferred because of the linear retarder response.

Safety and Handling Procedures: Avoid gettingHALAD-600 LE+ on skin and in eyes. Avoid breath-ing vapors. If injested, do not induce vomiting with-out medical advice.

Properties:

Additive: HALAD-600 LE+

Part No.: 516.01027


Form: liquid

Color: dark brown

How Packaged: 55 gal drum

Solubility in Water: @ 20°C, miscible

Odor: odorless

Freeze Point:

Pour Point:

pH: 7.3

Activity: 20%



Concentration: 4 to 10 l/100kg (0.5 to 1 gal/sk)



1. retards setting time

2. disperses slurry and lowers rheology

Section 6


6-50 January 1996


Table 6-22: Comparative Performance Testing of HALAD-600 LE+ on Different Brands of Cement at 88°C a

Dyckerhoff G Bl Dyckerhoff G Rl Lafarge GFluid Loss (API) @ 88°C 49 68 58Free Water (%) @ 88°C 0 0 0Settling (%) @ 88°C 0 0 0Surface Rheology 300-200-100-6-3 49-33-17-1-0.5 45-31-16-1-0.5 52-35-18-1-0.5Rheology at 190°F 300-200-100-6-3 33-22-12-1-0.5 65-45-24-2.5-1.5 62-42-20-1-0.5

aSlurry: Cement, 10 L/100 kg Microblock, 5L/100 kg HALAD-600 LE+, 0.4% SCR-100 at 1.91 kg/L

Table 6-23: Comparative Performance Testing of HALAD-600 LE+on Different Brands of Cement at 88°C a

CedestWellcem

GGeocem G Asland G

Fluid Loss (API) @ 88°C 74 82 52Free Water (%) @ 88°C 0 0 0Settling (%) @ 88°C 0 0 10Surface Rheology 300-200-100-6-3 45-30-15-1-0.5 37-26-13-1-0.5 43-30-15-1-0.5Rheology at 190°F 300-200-100-6-3 54-38-20-2.5-1.5 63-46-27-5-3 30-19-10-0.5-0

aSlurry: Cement, 10 L/100 kg Microblock, 5 L/100 kg HALAD-600 LE+, 0.4% SCR-100 at 1.91 kg/L

Table 6-21:The Effect of Temperature and HALAD ®-600 LE+ Concentration on the Slurry Properties a

Temp. (°C)

HALAD-600LE+

(L/100 kg)

SCR-100 (%)

Rheology at Mix300-200-100-6-3

Rheology at Temperature

ThickeningTime (hr:min)

API Fluid Loss (cc)

52 5 - 55-36-18-1.5-1 57-40-21-2-1.5 3:18 22

52 7 - 64-44-22-2-1 64-44-23-2-1.5 3:24 14

60 5 0.1 51-34-17-1.5-1 49-33-17-2-1 4:20 22

60 7 0.1 74-51-26-2-1 58.5-39-20-2-1 6:09 10

71 5 0.1 53-36-19-1.5-1 47-32-17-2-1.5 - 53

71 5 0.1 52-35-17-1.5-1 47-33-18-2-1 3:33 59

71 7 0.1 74-51.5-26-2-1 69-47-25-2-1 5:54 18

82 5 0.1 53-36-18-1.5-1 45-31-16-2-1 4:03 17

82 7 0.1 72-49-24-2-1.5 63-43-23-2.5-1 11:00 16

93 5 0.1 52-35-18-1.5-1 52-37-20-2-1.5 4:22 80

93 7 0.2 68-46-24-2-1 98-71-42-6-4 8:10 38

93 10 0.2 95-65-33-2-1.5 80-56-32-3-2 13:22 12aThe basic slurry design is Dyckerhoff Class G cement, 5 L/100 kg Microblock, SCR-100 at a specific gravity of 1.92 kg/L. None of the slurries showed free water or settling.

January 1996 6-51

Section 6


Table 6-25: Gas Migration Slurries at Temperature a

Temp.(°C)

HALAD-600 LE+L/100 kg

Rheology at Temp.300-200-100-6-3

Thickening Time

(hr:min)

Fluid Loss (cc API)

Zero Gel Time(min)

Transition Time (min)

52 5 57-40-21-2-1.5 3:18 22 114 14

71 7 64-47-25-2-1 5:49 18 201 30

93 7 98-71-42-6-4 8:10 38 468 85aSlurry: Dyckerhoff Class G Cement BL, 5 L/100 kg Microblock, 0.1 to 0.2% SCR-100 at 1.92 kg/L

Table 6-24: HALAD-600 ® LE+ in Slurries Containing Salt (NaCl)Fresh water Seawater 10% Salt 18% Salt 32% Salt

Dyckerhoff Class G Cement (kg)

100 100 100 100 100

Microblock (L/100 kg) 5 5 8 5 10Salt BWOW (%) - - 10 18 32

SCR-100 (%) 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.1 -HALAD-600LE+

(L/100 kg)5 5 7 7 7

Sea Water - 35.5 - - -Fresh Water (%) 33 - 33 36.8 32.3

Density g/L 1.91 1.92 1.91 1.91 1.95Fluid Loss (API)

@ 71°C53 39 38 66 76

Free Water (%) @ 71°C

0 0 0 0 0

Settling (%) @ 71°C 0 0 0 trace 0Surface Rheology 300-200-100-6-3

53-36-19-1.5-1 64-44-23-3-2 52-36-19-1.5-1 43-29-15-2-1.5 57-42-23-6.5-6

Rheology at 71°C 300-200-100-6-3

47-32-17-2-1.5 48-31-16-2.5-2 45-29-15-1-1 34-21-11-2-1.5 47-32-17-3-2

Section 6


6-52 January 1996


Table 6-28: Mix-Water Aging Tests a

Mix Water Aging Time (hr) 0 8 24 120Thickening Time to 70 Bc 6:31 6:57 5:58 7:08Fluid Loss (API) @ 80°C 40 18 36 36Free Water (%) @ 80°C 0 0 0 0Surface Rheology300-200-100-6-3

63-45-24-1.5-1 - - -

Rheology at 80°C 300-200-100-6-3

23-16-9.5-1.5-1 23-15.5-8.5-1.5-1 25-17-9-1.5-1 26-18-9.5-1.5-1

aSlurry: 18 L/100 kg Microblock 1.5 L/100 kg CFR-3L, 1.7 L/100 kg SCR-100L, 5.00 L/100 kg HALAD-600 LE+ in 1.80 kg/L Norcem Class G cement.

Table 6-26: Comparison of HALAD ®-361A and HALAD-600 LE+ in a Slurr y Design at 70°C a

HALAD-361A HALAD-600LE+ HALAD-600LE+Dosage (L/100 kg) 5 5 4.5CFR-3 (% BWOC) 0.25 - -Fluid Loss (API) @ 70°C 32 34 37/34b

API Free Water (%) 0 0 0API Settling (%) 6 0 0Thickening Time @ 70°C to 70 Bc (Hr:min) 7:41/4:41b 4:22/5:14b -Surface Rheology 300-200-100-6-3 41-30-16-1-0.5 76-53-29-2-1 69-48-26-2-1.5Rheology at 70°C 300-200-100-6-3 53-32-22-3-2 63-45-25-1-1 55-39-22-1-1

aSlurry: Dyckerhoff Class G cement, 12 L/100 kg Microblock, 5 L/100 kg fluid-loss additive, 0.25% CFR-3, 0.30% SCR-100, at 1.91 kg/L bRepeated test

Table 6-27: Comparison of HALAD-361A with HALAD-600 LE+ at 130°C a,b,c

HALAD-361A HALAD-600 LE+Fluid Loss (API) @ 88°C 32 53Free Water (%) @ 88°C 0 0Settling (%) @ 88°C 0 0Surface Rheology 300-200-100-6-3 145-107-68-23-22 131-91-48-5-1.5Rheology at 88°C 300-200-100-6-3 125-90-50-4.5-2 133-95-52-5-3aSlurry: Dyckerhoff Class G cement, 35% SSA-1, 30% Micromax, 8.87 L/100 kg Microblock, 8.87 L/100 kg HALAD-361A or HALAD-600 LE+, 0.50% CFR-3, 0.90% SCR-100, 0.45% HR®-25 at a specific gravity of 2.10bConditions: Heat to 130°C in 35 minutes, 60 minutes at temperature, cool to 88°C and determine the fluid loss, free water, and settling.cWhen used with HALAD-361A, SCR-100 and HR-25 were dry-blended to prevent flocculation.

Fluid-Loss Additives TOCLAP-1LA-2HALAD ® -361AHALAD® -344HALAD® -322LHALAD® -322Diacel LWLHALAD® -413HALAD® -413LHALAD® -22AHALAD ® -22ALHALAD ® -14HALAD ® -9LHALAD ® -9HALAD ® -4HALAD ® -10LHALAD ® -100AHALAD ® -9FSHALAD ® -14FSHALAD® -22A FSHALAD ® -322 FSHALAD ® -344 FSHALAD ® -600 LE+Master TOC

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