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FISHERIES RESEARCH BOARD OF CANADA

BIOLOGICAL STATION

ST. ANDREWS, N.D.

ANNUAL REPORT

aad •

INVESTIGATOR&• SUMMARIES

1968

d.M. ANDERSON, OIRECTOR

CoiiRdeatlal Material In thla report Ia not to he quoted •lth­out explicit pennlaloL

FISHERIES RESEARCH BOARD OF CANADA

BIOLOGICAL STATION

ST. ANDREWS, N.B.

ANNUAL REPORT

aad

INVESTIGATORS' SUMMARIES

1968

J. M. ANDERSON, 01RECTOR

TABLE OF CONTENTS

INTRODUCTORY COMMENTS

Preface

Physical Facilities and Vessels

Data Processing and Statistical Services

Library

Information and Public Relations

Liaison and Acknowledgments

Personnel

INVESTIGATORs• SUMMARIES

Water Pollution

Physiology

Behaviour

Pelagic Fish

Groundfish

Invertebrates

Fisheries Oceanography

Fishing Gear Research and Electronics

Anadromous Fish

APPENDIX I

Publications

Technical Reports

Manuscript Reports

Manuscripts Submitted

1

1

2

3

3

3

4

7

1 0

1 1

14

17

21

25

26

28

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APPENDIX II

Meetings Attended and Major Trips

APPENDIX III

Scientific Staff

Staff List by Investigations

APPENDIX IV

Seminars by Invited Scientists, 1968

Preface

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INTRODUCTORY COMMENTS

The St. Andrews Biological Station, as befitting Canada•s oldest marine research laboratory (established 1899), continues to have a mandate in a wide variety of areas. The scope of activities is indicated by the programs under which the Station is organized ..• Invertebrates, Groundfish, Pelagic Fish, Anadromous Fish, Gear Research, Pollution, Behaviour, Physiology, and Fisheries Oceanography. Highlights of the work done in these programs are given in the INVESTIGATORs• SUMMARIES, which follow.

In March 1968, the Federal Government, in the interest of national economy, imposed a freeze on new positions. The most significant effect of this at St. Andrews was curtailment of plans, begun late in 1967, for expanding the Behaviour Program which was to have had special emphasis on relatidn of fish behaviour to fishing gear and fishing strategy.

In late June, the Station chartered for 30 days a two­man research submersible for underwater explorations. After preliminary diving and preparations in St. Andrews, the Perry Cubmarine PC3B was taken to the Gulf of St. Lawrence and used for queen crab, scallop, and lobster programs. The experience left little doubt that submersibles will form an integral requirement for studying behaviour and biology of aquatic organisms in their natural environment.

In February, a special invitation was sent out to university professors and their graduate students to come to St. Andrews, particularly during the summer months, to do their own research. Twenty-one responded (Appendix III). The experiment was so successful that a meeting was held at St. Andrews in December, attended by representatives from 21 eastern Canadian universities, to explore ways and means by which a closer association of the St. Andrews Station with universities might be developed. A steering committee was struck to draft the constitution and by-laws for a non-profit, federally-incorporated foundation to be established at St. Andrews. The foundation would be known as the Huntsman Marine Laboratory.

Physical Facilities and Vessels

Our old Workshop was completely renovated to provide approximately 2,800 sq ft of new laboratory space, including special provisions for neurophysiological research and two laboratories housed in constant temperature rooms. Four pre­fabricated laboratory modules were assembled in a complex to provide 2,500 sq ft of fully serviced working space for visiting university investigators. The experimental tide pound (50 x 100 ft) was completed in 1968, as was the combined warehouse­workshop-aquatic holding building (60 x 160ft). The "Stores"

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have been relocated in the Warehouse, thus consolidating the various centres for supplies. Further renovations were carried out in the "Residence" building to provide facilities for the pollution program, particularly for analytical chemistry work.

It is becoming increasingly apparent that several of the wooden buildings, including the Residence, besides being fire hazards, are ill-adapted for the work going on in them, and should be replaced as soon as possible.

On April 1, administrative responsibility for the Sub­Station at Ellerslie, P.E.I., was turned over to the Board•s Marine Ecology Laboratory in Dartmouth, N.S.

The Station operated four vessels and used others on charter or loan. CGS E.E. PRINCE (130ft), successfully com­pleting her second year of operation, worked .in areas from Georges Bank to the Gulf of St. Lawrence, carrying out work on groundfish, pelagic fish, queen crab, and hydrography. The E.E. PRINCE was assigned to the Marine Ecology Laboratory for intermittent periods, totalling about 4 months. The MV HARENGUS (84ft), operating in the Bay of Fundy, Gulf of St. Lawrence, and on Nova Scotia Banks, carried out work on pelagic fish, groundfish, queen crab, scallops, and salmon. During winter months she was assigned for various projects to the Technological Laboratory in Halifax and to the Marine Ecology Laboratory. The MB MALLOTUS (54 ft) continued to be the duty boat for local needs of the Station as well as for many of our visiting investigators. The MB PANDALUS (50 ft) was used primarily in the Northumberland Strait area for lobster investigations. She was also used for shorter periods for work on queen crabs and scallops, and served as a mothership for our submarine work (previously mentioned). The CGS A.T. CAMERON from the St. John•s Station, Newfoundland, was used by the St. Andrews Station for 2 weeks in September for engineering studies on otter trawls. The CGS KAPUSKASING was assigned to us by the Bedford Institute of Oceanography, Dartmouth, for a 2-week cruise in January for hydrographic and pelagic fish studies carried out between Halifax and St. Andrews. The MB PROMISE (55 ft) was chartered for a 2-week period in July to carry out swordfish tagging off Nova Scotia.

Data Processing and Statistical Services

In 1968 the Station took two decisive steps towards increasing its capability in data processing. Purchase of an Olivetti Programma 101 "Mini-Computer" added greatly to the scientists• facility to carry out simple statistical tests. A small library of 18 programs were written for the 101.

Routine jobs of large-scale data processing were done using an IBM 407 Accounting Machine. Major analyses were carried out by renting time on computers at the University of New Brunswick (Fredericton) and the IBM Data Centre (Saint John). The second step in improving computing facilities came with the installation in late November of an IBM 1130, 16k computer.

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An educational program on statistics from the fall of 1967 to the spring of 1968 heightened staff awareness of the use of statistical methods. The Statistician continued to devote much of his time to consultations on mathematical and quanti­tative areas of the Station•s research.

Library

Including purchases, gifts, and exchanges, the library receives over 2,500 periodical titles. Of 184 paid subscriptions, 37 were new in 1968. Monograph holdings were increased by 593 to about 2,300. Interlibrary Loan Services were almost doubled in 1968: 385 incoming and 850 outgoing requests were processed. On average, 2,700 library items were in circulation. The monthly Accessions List and annual Reprints Available List continued to gain popularity both within and beyond FRB interests.

filled. is hoped Progress

In July, the professional librarian•s position was General reorganization began during late summer, and it that this will facilitate use and improve library service. is hampered by shortage of space and staff.

Information and Public Relations

During summer months, when the Station maintains a special display for visitors and employs a young co-ed as guide, over 6,000 visitors signed the register. Many potential visitors (estimated at 5,000) were unable to view the display, particularly during early evening and on weekends, since it operated only during working hours.

Feature attractions were the five aquaria displaying local fauna and a tank with a 17-lb female lobster, called BONNIE, a name chosen from among hundreds submitted by the visitors.

Throughout the year, various groups, including repre­sentations from New Brunswick grade schools, high schools, and universities, as well as diverse groups from as far away as Kamloops, B.C., arranged to tour the research facilities.

Our public image was enhanced further by a story on the charter of the two-man submersible featured in WEEKEND MAGAZINE; a cover story about the Station in OCEANIC INDEX; a new reprint request card showing a full-colour aerial photo­graph of the Station; a newly designed letter-head; as well as numerous news releases, radio and television interviews, and public talks by our staff.

Liaison and Acknowledgments

The work of the St. Andrews Station and its application have involved cooperation with fishermen, plant operators, various sport and commercial fisheries organizations, and other members of the general public. These have played a part in

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many ways, including returning tags and drift bottles, providing fishing records, and other information about their operations~ when required. We have been called on to answer many requests for information, and some of these provided stimulus for further study.

The staff of the Station has enjoyed excellent cooperation and assistance from the Provincial Governments of New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island, and Quebec, the Nova Scotia Research Council, the New Brunswick Research and Productivity Council, and many Federal Departments. The CBC, various local newspapers and magazines have helped in presenting information about our activities. Associations and exchange of ideas with other Board Stations, with universities and their libraries, have been productive. The Department of Fisheries, through the Resource Development Branch, Protection and Inspection Services, and the Economic Service, has often provided support for our programs. The Industrial Development Service has provided some of the funds for studies on queen crab, herring, and gear engineering, without which the investigations would not have been carried out so effectively. The Department of Public Works gave invaluable assistance and advice, as did Canadian Government Printing Bureaus, particularly at CFB Gagetown and at Halifax.

Contacts with scientists in fields of work similar to our own at Woods Hole, Boothbay Harbor, and various European laboratories, have been advantageous. Participation by St. Andrews scientists in international organizations, such as ICES and ICNAF, and various international symposia in Europe, the Caribbean, USA, and Canada, provided many opportunities for exchange of ideas.

In addition to the discussions and seminars presented by the staff, great advantage was derived from the numerous seminars presented by invited scientists. These are listed in Appendix IV.

Personnel

As of December 31, 1968, authorized positions totalled 140 (Scientific 34; Technical-48; Support Services 32; Vessels 26).

During 1968 the fo 11 owing research staff members were recruited:

R.G. H a 11 i day, Ph.D. Scientist 2 Effective January 19 D . Mfl}ller, Ph.D. Scientist 3 Effective October 1

A.M. Sutterlin, Ph.D. Scientist 2 Effective October 2 v . Zitko, c.s.c. Scientist 3 Effective June 3

A professional librarian and four members of the support staff were recruited to fill continuing positions.

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Other staff activity involved the following employees:

- R.L. Saunders, Ph.D., returned from sabbatical leave at Bristol University, Sept. 3, 1968.

- J.S. Beckett, M.A., educational leave at McGill University from Nov. 22, 1968 to Apr. 15, 1969.

- J.B. Sprague, Ph.D., sabbatical leave at Oregon State University from Aug. 26, 1968 to July 15, 1969.

- Retired:

A.W. Holt, Technician 2

- On retirement leave:

C.R. Hayes, Technician 2

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INVESTIGATORS' SUMMARIES

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WATER POLLUTION

J.B. Sprague-- Program Head

Biological Indicators of Mine Pollution in the Northwest Miramichi Area

Herbaceous Dicotyledons are K.W. BESCH almost completely absent from the banks of the polluted stretches I and II {see below). Monocotyledons of higher abundance and frequency and Equisetum sp. are not affected by mine pollution. Benthic plant communities, formed by algae, have been studied from April to November 1968. Species prevailing under various degrees of mine pollution are presented in the Table:

Location

I Little South Tomogonops

II Tomogonops at CN Bridge Tomogonops at mouth NW Miramichi at Portage

III NW Miramichi at Wayerton­Curventon

IV Sevogle near mouth

V NW Miramichi at Miner's Bridge

Algae Total

pH hardness

Eunotia e:cigua~ PinnuZ.aria~ Mougeotia~ Miarothamnion 4.7 169

6. 1 Aahnanthes miaroaephaZ.a 7.3

FragiZ.ari.a aapuaina~

A. miaroaephaZ.a~ Anomoeoneis

7.3

vi.trea 7.1

Aahnanthes~ Eunotia~ FragiZ.aria~ Filiform

Cyanophyceae 7.0

Gomphonema~ Cymbe Z. Z.a~ Aahnanthes~ Chaetophora~ Oedogonium 7.1

69

67

33

27

16

17

Cu llg/R,

1 '883

354

47

9

11

0

0

Zn llg/R.

31 ,370

6,700

732

223

99

4

2

Quantitative bottom samples of invertebrates are being evaluated. Hydropsyahe (caddisflies) dominated in the polluted parts II and

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III. TubeZZaria are virtually absent from polluted areas I-III; the most abundant TubeZZaria in unpolluted areas IV and V are Cura foremanni and Dugesia tigrina. We have shown that they can survive in III for at least a month. Laboratory experiments on avoidance reactions of TubeZZaria to metal ions are in progress.

Nitrilotriacetic Acid (NTA)

Experiments with NTA continued J.B. SPRAGUE to yield promising results. In a stream, artificially polluted by zinc and copper sulfates, NTA protected both natural aquatic invertebrates and caged fish from metal poisoning. During a 2-month laboratory test, small salmon lived and grew as well as control fish, when held in NTA itself, and in strong (40 toxic units) zinc-copper concentration, plus NTA; nor did these experimental conditions cause any histopathology beyond that found in controls. In laboratory tests, NTA dampened the avoidance reaction of salmon to zinc by a ten­times factor.

Insecticides

The toxicity of several J.B. SPRAGUE insecticides to salmon has been tested. & V. ZITKO The following lethal thresholds have been found:

Insecticide Lethal threshold mg/i

Phosphamidon 1 Sumithion 1 Baygon 2 Matacil 1 Carbamate 10 Organophosphorus 4

Chemistry

A chemical laboratory with V. ZITKO facilities for organic and inorganic analysis became operational in September 1968. Concerned primarily with water-pollution chemistry, it also carries on projects for other investigations.

Preliminary surveys of the Miramichi estuary showed a high degree of organic pollution. One of the pollution sources is the creosote plant above Newcastle. Organic compounds have been isolated from the effluent and separated into four fractions:

Fraction

A. Neutral B. Acidic C. Basic D. Residual

toncentrat1on in the effluent

mg/R.

960 160

20 30

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Avo1dance (trout) at

!19/i

4.7 0.47

not tested 0.028

Lethal threshold (salmon)

mg/R.

3 0.5

10 0.6

Fraction A contains mainly aliphatic, aromatic, and a small amount of polynuclear hydrocarbons. Fractions B and D contain phenols.

Acid pollution of the South Little River below the tailings pond of the Brunswick Mine is generated by decomposition and/or oxidation of thiosulfate (concentration in the effluent 1.0-1.6 g/R.).

Monitoring of zinc and copper pollution of the North­west Miramichi has been continued; pollution in 1968 was slightly below values for previous years.

Protein, in a yield of 0.033%, has been isolated from the surface of lobster eggs by washing with alkali. It is hoped that this protein is the principle of the 11 glue 11 by which the eggs are attached to the swimmerets; further studies are under way.

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PHYSIOLOGY

R.L. Saunders --Program Head

Growth - Photoperiod

For the period March to R.L. SAUNDERS September, young salmon showed growth rates related to experimentally controlled photoperiods ... normal daylength, constant daylength, and the reverse of natural daylength, i.e., decreasing daylength until the June soltice and increasing daylength thereafter. Fo-r the reverse of normal photoperiod, decreased growth was observed in smolts following their transfer to salt water {in May}. By September, mean weights of these fish was about half that of the fish subjected to normal and constant daylength. Following transfer to salt water, there was an overshoot in the plasma chloride and osmotic concentrations which levelled off at values significantly higher than those for fish in fresh water. There were no differences ascribable to photoperiod.

Post-smolts exposed to normal daylength and held at one of two temperatures, 15 or 18 C, had growth rates related to salinity. For both temperatures, growth rates were greater in fresh and dilute sea water {15~} than in full sea water. At all salinities, the fish grew faster at 15 than at 18 C. Neither efficiency of food conversion nor costs of osmotic and ionic regulation could account for the differences observed. Evidently, salinity was influencing directly the amount of food consumed; salmon in high salinity waters eating less than those in brackish or fresh water.

Slight activity for fish in all three salinities did not result in a noticeable difference in total plasma osmotic and ionic concentrations. However, fish stressed by exercise or low temperature showed a marked rise in plasma osmotic concentration when in salt water of 30~.

Chemoreception

Investigations were initiated R.L. SAUNDERS to examine the role of nervous receptors & A.M. SUTTERLIN located in the gill region of various marine teleosts. Cardiovascular reflexes are being used as an assay for detection of dissolved gases, salts, and other substances perfused through the mouth of fishes. Electrophysiological examination of isolated, perfused gills is planned to determine receptor specificity of this non-nasal chemoreceptor pathway.

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BEHAVIOUR

J • M • Anders on -· Act i n g Program Head

Sublethal DDT

Following up previous work which J.M. ANDERSON showed that exposure of trout for 24 hours to sublethal DDT completely pre~ented learning of a conditioned avoidance response in a two-chambered choice box, trout were trained to exhibit the propeller tail reflex, using electric shock as the unconditioned stimulus and light as the conditioned stimulus. Exposure to sublethal DDT (20 ppb) prevented establish­ment of the simple conditioned refl~x in the majority of fish. The number of trials required for the remainder was significantly in excess of those needed for control fish. The work to date suggests that sublethal DDT affects learning ability of fish by acting upon central nervous structures.

Hearing in Cod

Auditory masking was studied in U. BUERKLE cod. Five, half-octave bands of noise were used as signal stimuli and as masking stimuli. Results showed masking to be most pronounced when noise and signal coincided in frequency, and to drop off as frequency separation between noise and signal increased. Masking was calculated in terms of thres­hold re masking noise level, and varied from about 11 db when signal and noise were at the same frequencies to about -19 db when they were four octaves removed from each other. These results are to be used in analysis of ocean ambient and gear noise to describe how fishing gear becomes audible to fish through the noise of thetr environment.

Equipment for tecording ocean ambient and gear noise was purchased and tested~ Equipment and methods available for analysis were studied, and a proposal to use a real-time spectral analysis system coupled directly to an IBM 526 summary punch \'Jas made.

Lobster Olfaction

Lobsters respond to food odours D.W. McLEESE carried in a gentle water current by initiating feeding movements of the mouth parts and usually by walking toward the odour source immediately. With cod, lobster, and shrimp odours, locomotion occurred in 70-80% of trials compared with 13% for controls. Response to various chemical fractions of cod muscle ranged from 75-100%, indicating that cod flesh contains more than one attractant.

Of 11 amino acids and 6 other chemical compounds tested singly, response ranged from 13-50%; of these compounds, only 4, tryptophane, leucine, glucosamine, and tumaric acid, produced responses in the 40-50% range. Mixtures of amino

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acids yielded responses ranging from 30-100%, and mixtures of 3 organic acids gave responses of 20-50%.

Recently moulted mature female lobsters produce a sex attractant (Pheromone). Male lobsters exposed to water from a tank containing moulted female lobsters responded by walking in 58% of the trials compared with 25% for controls. The response time for the reacting test males was half that for responding controls. Further work to isolate and identify the material, to determine the pattern of its release and duration of production by newly moulted female lobsters, is planned.

Salmon Ethology

Salmon parr adjust their P.E.K. SYMONS population density, within limits, to the availability of food. The density is limited by socially dominant fish, which tolerate a greater number of subordinate fish within the periphery of their territories when food is abundant. The feeding territories of salmon parr apparently do not increase in size when food is scarce.

Behavioural differences between wild and hatchery reared parr of similar size were studied in relation to differential survival after release in streams unfamiliar to either group. During subsequent weekly underwater observations, more hatchery than wild parr were resighted. Observed mortalities and hiding behaviour of the two groups could not account for this result. More hatchery parr were sighted because wild parr dispersed farther from the release site than did hatchery fish. This difference in behaviour could lead to contradictory estimates when two different methods of estimating survival rates are used.

Preliminary studies of schooling behaviour of Atlantic salmon parr, mature three-spined sticklebacks, and killifish were begun for the purpose of developing a measure of schooling behaviour capable of wide application. A simple method giving measures of degree of aggregation or density, and of regularity of spacing between fish showed promise of being applicable to photographs of schools of fish taken from above or below the water surface. The measures should be unaffected by the three­dimensional shape of schools and should be comparable between schools of differently sized fish. The measures are independent of distance of the school from the camera. With development of suitable corrections, the measures should be applicable to photographs taken at less than the vertical, such as might be taken from the deck of a ship.

Stickleback Ethology

A model of the spatial P.E.K. SYMONS organization of neural pathways involved & W.R. CUFF in threat behaviour was developed from experiments on mature male three-spined sticklebacks. Threat, consisting of a head-down posture with or without erected ventral spines, occurred when stimuli both to attack and flee

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were present simultaneously. The model of the spatial organi­zation of inhibitory and excitatory interconnections was necessarily more complex than previous ones.

General

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PELAGIC FISH

S.N. Tibbo -- Program Head

The rapid expansion of herring S.N. TIBBO fisheries throughout the Northwest Atlantic has stimulated increased research effort on this species with emphasis on assessment of the resource and its exploitation potential. Investigations of the life history and ecology of other pelagic fishes (mackerel, tuna, swordfish, and sharks) are continuing. Studies of the production, dispersal, and growth of larval herring and of changes in condition (fatness) with size, area, and season were completed and reports published.

Herring Size and Age Composition

About 200 samples (34,000 fish S.N. MESSIEH and 7,500 pairs of otoliths) were collected. The majority were examined and analysed for size and age compositions. Size ranges and means were essentially the same as in previous years, except for the Nova Scotia side of the Bay of Fundy, where the overall mean length was somewhat lower. More detailed analyses of these data, which are in progress, suggest that the change is mainly related to season of sampling and differences in catches by different gear. The 1966 year­class was predominant (81-90%) on the New Brunswick side of the Bay of Fundy. In the Gulf of St. Lawrence, the 1959 and 1960 year-classes, which were dominant in 1967 samples (39.6 and 23.0%, respectively), were again dominant, although to a lesser extent.

Studies of herring otoliths with nuclei of differing appearance from the southern Gulf of St. Lawrence have been completed. The results show that this method of separating spring­and autumn-spawning components of the stocks is unreliable.

Preliminary results of growth studies on juvenile herring indicate heterogeneity in growth characteristics within and between year-classes.

Herring Larval Studies

Larval abundance and distribution B.E. BARRETT studies were carried out quarterly in the Bay of Fundy and Gulf of Maine in cooperation with Fisheries Oceanography. Analyses of data are incomplete but results show variations in horizontal and vertical distribution and size of larvae. The data will be examined for dominant faunal associates of post-larvae and for the extent of mixing of Georges Bank and Bay of Fundy populations.

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Artificially fertilized ova from spring-spawning herring developed normally in the laboratory and hatched in 17 days at 7.2 C. Ova from autumn-spawning herring hatched in 14 days at 7.3-8.0 C. Size at hatching ·varied from 7.0-8.1 mm. Yolk-sacs were resorbed by the 8th day after hatching, and feeding on natural plankton began. Larvae from autumn spawners were maintained for 49-52 days, when a sudden and unexplained mass mortality occurred.

Fecundity studies are under way for Gulf of St. Lawrence and Bay of Fundy herring. Preliminary results indicate that, in Chaleur Bay, 32.5-cm (age 8) herring are most efficient in terms of numbers and quality of gametes per unit length or weight and in total spawning power. As herring become older and larger they gradually become less efficient.

Herring Surveys

Echo-sounder and sonar surveys S.N. TIBBO to elucidate the distribution and size of herring schools in the Bay of Fundy-Gulf of Maine region were carried out in March, April, and November. Large numbers (300-500) of schools were located on each cruise but most of them probably contained less than 5 tons. A few large schools (3,000-12,000 tons) occurred in St. Mary Bay in March and on Jeffreys Ledges in November. The technique shows considerable promise for providing estimates of the size of herring populations and will be continued and broadened in 1969.

Mackerel

Mackerel investigations were S.N. TIBBO restricted to sampling for size and age composition from commercial catches in the Bay of Fundy, Atlantic coast, and the Gulf of St. Lawrence. Mean lengths varied from 26.2 em in the Bay of Fundy to 33.3 em on the Atlantic coast, and to 35.7 em in the Gulf of St. Lawrence, supporting the hypothesis that there are· three distinct size groups of mackerel off the east coast of Canada during the summer months.

Capel in

Sampling for size, age, and S.N. TIBBO maturity was continued to follow the courses of this rarely occurring species in the Bay of Fundy. For 10 samples (1 ,402 individuals) collected from January to May, the range in length was 126-177 mm, with an overall mean length of 152.6 mm. Most of these fish were 2-year-olds (1966 year-class) and, although eggs and larvae have not been collected, it now seems that the species has established itself and is reproducing successfully in the Bay of Fundy.

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Swordfish

The swordfish fishery continued J.S. BECKETT to expand by moving farther offshore into the Gulf Stream system. Landings have been relatively stable for the past 3 years but swordfish less than 50 lb dressed weight now constitute a much larger proportion of the catch. These small fish probably belong to a previously unexploited size-class and do not indicate a general reduction in size composition of the stock. Research is concerned chiefly with life history and ecology of swordfish with emphasis on distribution and abundance, food and feeding habits, and recruitment. Larval swordfish were collected for the first time near the Windward Islands, suggesting that the Guinea Current system is a spawning ar~a.

Other Large Pelagics

The migrations of large pelagic J.S. BECKETT fishes continue to be of interest and 265 sharks, 74 tunas, and 25 swordfish were tagged and released during the year. A harpoon adapter for tagging fish swimming free near the surface was developed, and a bluefin tuna tagging program, in cooperation with sport fishermen, was introduced. Six tags were recovered during the year, three of them from yellowfin tuna in the tropics-- two released in 1967 in the Gulf of Guinea and the other in 1968 in the Bay of Guayaquil. Two blue sharks and a swordfish were also recaptured-- the latter of special interest since it was the first return of the new type harpoon tag.

New Fish Records

Records of unusual occurrences S.N. TIBBO of species in the Canadian area during 1968 included chub mackerel (Saomber aoLias}, cavella (Saomberomorus aaveLLa), tarpon (MegaLops atLantiaus}, bigscale pomfret (Taraates Longipinnis), scup (Stenotomus chrysops), tilefish (LophoLatiLus ahamaeLeontiaeps}, lesser deep-sea angler (CryptoEsaras aouesi}, and a berycoid fish (Gephyroberyx darwini~.

Cod

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GROUND FISH

A.C. Kohler --Program Head

Intensive study of the southern A.C. KOHLER Gulf of St. Lawrence cod as a model for investigation of changing fish population parameters was continued. Sampling of landings showed that 4- and 5-year-old fish with a peak size of 46 em continued to be the mainstay of the fishery in summer, west of the Magdalens. The September small-mesh otter-trawl survey indicated that the usually dominant 3-year-olds were not as abundant as in 1967. Also, the 1964 year-class (3-year-olds in 1967) was not as abundant in 1968 as had been expected but was still above average. Since this annual survey is to be carried out from the CGS E.E. PRINCE from now on, both the PRINCE and the MV HARENGUS were used to collect comparative fishing data to permit comparison of past and future surveys. Size and age compositions of cod caught by the two vessels were practically identical, but catch per l/2-hour tow averaged 1.2 times higher for the PRINCE.

Egg and larval surveys were continued to investigate recruitment mechanisms and compare the effect of annual variations in environmental conditions on survival. Time of disappearance of ice cover, water temperature, relative surface drift, damage or deformity of young eggs, relative number of eggs spawned, and availability of food for larval fish have all been found to be important factors.

Accumulated data on stomach contents of cod from the Gulf have been analysed and are being published in a comparison with data from other areas. Continued use of the trawl camera during surveys provides data on populations of benthic organisms that may be related to food selection of cod and other ground­fish species.

General

Other general and continuing A.C. KOHLER functions carried on included supervision of the Station's statistics collection staff in six field offices, and responsibility for various statistical, sampling, and other research requirements for ICNAF. Data were summarized concerning proposed quota controls on some groundfish fisheries for use in the ICNAF Assessments Subcommittee. A series of charts of the distribution and fishery for all groundfish species in Subarea 4 was prepared. Using the Canadian charter vessel, MV THETA, a joint plankton survey was made in September in Subarea 5, along with vessels and scientists from the USA and USSR.

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Silver Hake

Continuing observations on gill J.S. SCOTT disease in silver hake showed that the incidence was slightly lower than in 1967 and there was a marked decline in intensity. This may be associated with increased abundance of juveniles as shown in research-vessel catches, indicating increasingly good year-classes in 1967 and 1968; these should be of commercial size in 1970-72. The occurrence and distribution of a trematode parasite (AnthoaotyZe merZuaaii) on the gills are being studied.

Sand Launce

An analysis of stomach contents J.S. SCOTT shows that the sand launce feeds mainly on copepods on Nova Scotia Banks. Marked differences have been found in the lengths-at-age, otolith sizes, and otolith structures of launce from different parts of the banks. These indicate the existence of a number of separate populations whose characteristics are being determined. Preliminary studies have been made on the development of chromatophore patterns in the larvae. Preparations for experimental work on artificial fertilization of eggs and rearing of larvae at different temperatures are under way.

Argentine

Studies of the taxonomy, R.G. HALLIDAY population dynamics, and species & J.S. SCOTT composition of the intestinal trematode parasites were completed. Initially, differences in the latter suggested separate populations of the fish, but later results showed a gradual change in the characteristics from south to north, indicative of a single stock with fairly continuous distribution. A trematode, Lampritrema nipponiaum, ~as recorded for the first time from the argentine and from the Atlantic.

Work on fecundity of argentines on Nova Scotia Banks was continued. Ripening argentines were found in abundance between 170 and 200 fath along the edge of the continental shelf in February. The spawning concentration in Emerald Basin was sampled at the beginning of May and was found to be almost identical in size composition to the 1967 concentration there but was at a more advanced stage.

Haddock

Three research-vessel cruises R.G. HALLIDAY from Browns Bank to Sable Island Bank confirmed that the 1964-67 haddock year-classes are small throughout the area. First indications are that the 1968 year­class may be considerably better than those of the previous 4 years.

- 19 -

Mesopelagic Fishes

Further collections of R.G. HALLIDAY mesopelagic fishes were obtained in waters adjacent to the continental shelf. Seven species collected are previously unrecorded from Canadian waters. The most common species in these collections is the myctophid, Benthosema gZaaiaZe, and its age, growth, and distribution are being studied.

Effects of Freezing on Length and Weight of Groundfish

Studies on the effects of R.G. HALLIDAY freezing on length and weight of groundfish species were extended from argentines to include cod, haddock, American plaice, and winter flounder. Fish thawed in water after freezing for 8 days or more lost between 1.9 and 2.9% of their length and up to 1.0% of their weight, depending on species.

Food Resource Division

Further data analysis in the A.V. TYLER study of division of food resources among fishes in Passamaquoddy Bay indicated that fish species overlap little in their major food-energy sources. Most species have at least one major food source unshared with any other species or shared with only one other species of fish. Because of the partial overlap in prey lists, the fishes form an ordered predation series wherein only adjacent fish species are well associated by prey species. That is, for any one fish species, there is a series of other fish predators which are progressively disassociated in terms of overlap in prey list. This type of food environment partition is interpreted as an adaptation to long-term competitive relations. However, the strength of the food-environment partitioning is partially facultative. In summer when krill, Meganyatiphanes, is abundant, several species of fish feed heavily on it, while in the winter, when it is not so abundant, it is a major food source to only a few species.

Digestion Rates of Fishes

Replicate experiments with young A.V. TYLER cod (Gadus morhua), acclimated to 2, 5, 10, and 15 C, confirmed meal size as a limiting factor to digestion rate. Arithmetic increases in meal size give logarithmic increases in digestion rate. Digestion rate experiments with sea raven (Hemitripterus) fed whole cod and herring were also continued. The cod, which contained 15% less fat than the herring, took half the time to pass through sea raven stomachs.

Grazing Rates of Winter Flounder

To determine rate of grazing of A.V. TYLER winter flounder on the tube-dwelling polychaete, CZymeneZZa torquata, a major food-energy source

- 20 -

for winter flounder in Passamaquoddy Bay, a project was initiated with a study of recruitment to the CZymeneZZa population. The polychaetes in the intertidal zone were found to spawn during a 4-day period in mid-July when mud temperatures ranged from 18-25 C during the course of the tidal cycle. Surface water temperature well outside the shoal, intertidal mud-flat was 11.9 C during the spawning period.

Energy Content of Critical Fish Foods

A study of seasonal variation in A.V. TYLER gross energy content of major food sources for Passamaquoddy fishes was continued. Caloric values were determined with an oxygen bomb calorimeter.

- 21 -

INVERTEBRATES

D.G. Wilder-- Program Head

Lobster Endocrinology

Preliminary studies of environ- D.E. AIKEN mental factors controlling moulting frequency indicate that both temperature and photoperiod are involved. Immature lobsters held at 15 C under short-day photoperiods did not moult more than once in 10 months, whereas those held under long-day photoperiods have moulted up to three times. Lobsters held under both photoperiods for more than 10 months at 1-5 C have failed to moult.

From changes taking place within the pleopod, onset of proecdysis (premoult stage) can be accurately determined. Where water temperature and size of lobsters are known, time of moult can be predicted up to 2 months in advance. In time, it may be possible to recognize all four intermoult stages by pleopod examination.

A good correlation has been found between short-term changes in commercial lobster landings at Port Maitland, N.S., and the phase of tidal cycle. Study of this phenomenon is continuing.

Lobster Histology

A study of the anatomy, histology, J.W. SAUNDERS histochemistry, and fine structure of the lobster's moulting gland (Y-organ) has been completed. The moulting glands, previously unreported in the lobster, reach their greatest size about 3 weeks after moult. Studies with light microscopy showed only slight changes in cellular structure throughout the moult cycle. With the electron microscope, moulting gland cells of pre-, post-, and intermoult lobsters showed characteristic cytoplasmic configurations of concen­trically disposed paired membranes. Some of the configurations appear unique; others resemble structures found in cells of diseased human and marine tissues and in cells experimentally altered through chemical treatment or otherwise.

Artificial Lobster Reef

The artificial reef built off D.J. SCARRATT Richibucto, N.B., in 1965, was completely surveyed in 1968 and 157 lobsters counted. Twenty-five per cent were of legal size. The standing stock of lobsters is now about two-thirds that on nearby good natural lobster grounds. To study movements of reef lobsters, 38 were tagged under water with either sphyrion or carapace tags and immediately returned to their burrows. Studies of lobster cover were extended in mid-June by placing 200 clay or concrete tiles of three sizes in 3-6 fath of water. Sixteen per cent of some groups of tiles were occupied by mid-September.

- 22 -

Rock Crabs

The weight of the standing stock D.J. SCARRATT of rock crabs (Canaer irroratus) off Richibucto, N.B., is about half that of lobsters. The value of the rock crab fishery is relatively insignificant but the ecological implications in relation to lobsters merit consideration.

Kraft Mill Effluent

A large bleached kraft mill D.J. SCARRATT has been in operation near Pictou, N.S., since 1967. Its effluent does not appear to have deleterious effects on abundance of lobster larvae in the area. Comparable surface plankton surveys in 1966 and 1968 showed stage IV larvae to be more abundant in 1968 with several taken close to the outflow.

Experimental Tide Pound

A 50 x 100 x 16 ft deep tidal D.G. WILDER pound of reinforced concrete, built primarily for studies of commercial lobster storage, was completed in the fall. With ~dvice and assistance from Dr. D.W. McLeese, the pound was stocked December 10-23 with 4,182 commercial-sized lobsters weighing 5,310 lb. Before impounding, both claws were immobilized by plugging or banding, each lobster was tagged, and the size, sex, injuries, and vigour recorded. Unless severe winter conditions interfere, the lobsters will be impounded until March when mortalities will be assessed in relation to storage conditions and the state of the lobsters when impounded.

Lobster Fishery

In 1966, a limit of 250 lobster D.G. WILDER traps per boat was established in the northern half of Northumberland Strait as part of a program to reduc~·wasteful, excess fishing effort. In 1967, restrictions were placed on the entry of additional lobster boats. At Miminegash, P.E.I., a study port in the area, the number of traps set and the number of traps hauled have each declined 27%. There has been no change in number of boats or in rate of exploitation as measured by recapture of tagged lobsters. The effects of controlling fishing effort are confounded in the Miminegash area by a decline in the stock of lobsters and by the full- nr part-time diverston of lobster fishermen to unusually lucrative Irish moss and scallop fisheries.

Queen Crabs

Studies of the biology of J. WATSON the crab (Chionoeaetes opitio) were started in the Grande-Rivi~re and Gasp~ areas. Newly hatched

- 23 -

larvae were caught in cruises from late April to early June and their identification confirmed by hatching larvae from captive females. No larvae were caught in a September cruise.

The smallest mature female found was 49 mm in carapace width. All mature females examined had eggs or empty egg cases. Soon after hatching their larvae, females appear to lay new eggs without moulting. Preliminary data indicate that males may mature at a carapace width of 60 mm.

Adult crabs were concentrated in 40-70 fath, scarce in shallower water, and not found deeper than 100 fath. Size frequencies of juveniles (5-40 mm) show definite modes that may represent moult classes.

Two of the juvenile crabs being held at 5 C have moulted to date and grew 19 and 21% in carapace width.

Crab landings in 1968 were more than 10 million lb valued at nearly $1 million. The catch may double in 1969. Eighty per cent of trap-caught crabs were of commercially acceptable sizes. Data from research cruises and joint Federal­Provincial surveys are being analysed to estimate population densities in the Gulf of St. Lawrence.

Field trials showed that crabs below commercial size escape from large-meshed traps. In normal-mesh traps, one-way ••trigger" wires on entrances prevented escapement but reduced catches. Trapping behaviour over 24-hour periods is being studied with automatic cameras.

Scallops

To determine the effect of J.F. CADDY deck exposure on discards, newly fished scallops were exposed to direct sunlight and air temperatures of 21 C for varying lengths of time and then returned to the bottom in cages. Exposures of 2 and 4 hours caused 50 and 100% mortalities, respectively.

Studies of scallop behaviour in relation to efficiency of scallop drags were continued. An experimental hooded drag designed to catch scallops that swim over the drag proper was constructed and preliminary trials were carried out.

Studies were conducted on duration of byssus attach­ment, rate of attachment at different temperatures, and rate of attachment for two stocks of scallops that differ in swimming behaviour.

- 24 -

Research Submarine

The two-man Perry Cubmarine PC3B was chartered in July for direct observations on scallops and lobsters off Richibucto, N.B., and on queen crabs

J.F. CADDY J. WATSON

D.J. SCARRATT

off Grande-Rivi~re, P.Q. A system for determining density of scallops and other epifaunal species was developed and used successfully. Scallop patches from 200-1,000 m across with more than 3 scallops per square metre were found on sandy bottom. These high density patches were interspersed with muddy areas with less than 0.1 scallop/sq m. The cubmarine was of limited value for studies of inshore lobsters because of restricted visibility and manoeuverability, but could be of greater use for observing lobsters inaccessible to scuba divers. Queen crabs observed in 0 C water at depths to 400 ft were often wholly or partially buried in mud and generally showed little reaction to the moving vehicle. Some were observed feeding. Submersibles show promise for studies of the distribution, behaviour, and population density of species such as scallops and queen crabs.

Paralytic Shellfish Poison

Thirty years• records of J.C. MEDCOF paralytic shellfish poison in eastern Canada have been reviewed in preparation for a new bulletin to be written with two others.

Oyster Drills

A long-term joint study with J.C. MEDCOF Mr. M.L.H. Thomas of the distribution and industrial importance of the oyster drill (uroaaZpin~} in eastern Canada was completed.

Ocean Quahaugs

To stimulate Canadian interest J.C. MEDCOF in exploiting stocks of ocean quahaugs (Aratiaa iaZandiaa), we have prepared a Technical Report that describes new ways of using ocean quahaugs and brings together unpublished results of FRB work on this species.

Strange Catches

A series of short articles is J.C. MEDCOF being prepared to describe strange objects sometimes found in commercial fishermen's catches. These include such things as elephant teeth, walrus tusks, 10,000-year-old oyster shells, and fossil scallops.

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FISHERIES OCEANOGRAPHY

L.M. Lauzier-- Program Head

Environmental studies in relation to fisheries problems were continued with special emphasis on circulation and on long­and short-term variations of water properties.

The two main areas studied were: Bay of Fundy-Gulf of Maine and adjacent continental shelf, and the southwestern Gulf of St. Lawrence. Other Station investigations are concurrently studying distribution of fish eggs and larvae there. Circulation studies are also being carried out over the continental shelf to the east, including the Newfoundland area.

Surface and bottom circulations in the eastern Gulf of Maine are, for the moment, best described as those of an upwelling area with bottom convergence towards the southwestern Nova Scotia coast. This convergence appeared stronger in spring and summer and weaker in autumn and winter. Average surface drift in the Gulf of St. Lawrence showed a counter-clockwise circulation with no evidence of a return circulation along the North Shore. The drift and recovery of drift bottles in the Gulf of St. Lawrence were used to make a preliminary estimate of surface water escape­ment through Cabot and Belle Isle Straits.

The long-term cooling tr.end along the Canadian Atlantic coast was still evident during 1968 with a smaller decrement of temperature than previously. Short-term changes in water properties were followed from quarterly observations offshore and daily observations at coastal stations. Data indicate that an intrusion of relatively high temperature and high salinity waters occurred in the deeper layers of the Gulf of Maine between January and April. The effect of this intrusion was felt during the next 6 months from surface to bottom in the Bay of Fundy-Gulf of Maine area. In the southwestern Gulf of St. Lawrence, spring and summer surface temperatures were generally 1 C higher than normal.

- 26 -

FISHING GEAR RESEARCH AND ELECTRONICS

P.J.G. Carrothers-- Program Head

Engineering Study of the Otter Trawl

The engineering study of the P.J.G. CARROTHERS otter trawl continues to be the major project. Several refinements in instrument design and experi­mental technique have been achieved. Radar course plots used to estimate towing velocities relative to the sea floor were improved (a) by using a variable range marker on the radar in place of the arbitrary scale on the plotter for interpolating between the range rings, and (b) by stabilizing the azimuth of the radar display to zero-north using the gyro compass. Two additional radar poles were secured to the ocean current meter safety line at unequal intervals, providing continuous infor­mation at the vessel concerning the direction of the surface ocean current and making the reference radar buoy much easier to find in sea clutter. Calibration of all tension meters was improved by using a dead-weight pressure reference in place of the bourdon-tube test gauge. New modifications to the FRB/NRC underwater warp angle meters were tried at sea and a contract was awarded for the design and construction of a new type of under­water warp angle meter based on our experience to date. A new mount for the pitotmeter sensor on the trawl headline was tried to reduce hazard and improve trawl handling, but the new location introduced a speed-dependent error in readings, and new handling problems arose.

Basic engineering data on additional trawl types were obtained with the A.T. CAMERON. The Yankee 41-5 trawl was studied further to compare danleno gear with wing bridles, to establish the effect of groundwarp (cable) length, and to compare the CAMERON trawl design with other Yankee 41 designs. The usual test procedure was modified by relocating instruments to yield special information, and the Granton trawl was studied for the first time.

Computer programs are being developed for the primary reduction of trawl engineering data. These will be used to eliminate mistakes from data previously reduced the hard way, and to reduce all 1968 data.

Mechanical Engineering Associates of Toronto is under contract to assist with specified aspects of the engineering analysis of trawl behaviour.

Underwater Camera

For fish behaviour studies, P.J.G. CARROTHERS attempts are being made to develop the underwater trawl camera into an independent, towed body controlled automatically by reference to the sea floor.

- 27 -

Miscellaneous

Participation in activities P.J.G. CARROTHERS of the International Standards Organization concerning netting and twines for fishing gear was dropped early in 1968 on withdrawal of support from the Canadian Manufacturers' Association.

Review of the text-book manuscript by Dr. Iitaka on FISHING GEAR TECHNOLOGY was completed and it is being processed for possible publication as an FRB Bulletin.

Electronics

The electronics facility S.M. POLAR provides increasingly essential technical support for all scientific investigations. Technical specifi­cations of commercial equipment were interpreted and special equipment constructed for the scientific staff in relation to particular research applications, newly received commercial equipment was checked out, and remedial action taken when defects were detected and, to minimize delay, fairly routine repairs were frequently effected on research equipment.

Special equipment assembled, adapted, and maintained for the Perry Cubmarine trials included: underwater camera, odometer, counter, event recorder, and sound-stimulus projector. The closed-circuit, underwater television is operating satisfactorily for fish behaviour studies after a series of difficulties, modifications, and repairs. Collaboration has been extended to the Marine Ecology Laboratory in the development of their ultra­sonic fish counter.

In addition to the above, the full-time services of an electronics technician (2 men) are maintained on board CGS E.E. PRINCE.

General

- 28 -

ANADROMOUS FISH

P.F. Elson-- Program Head

Anadromous fish research deals P.F. ELSON mostly with Atlantic salmon; other fresh-water dependent species, especially speckled trout, receive study in relation to their importance for salmon production, Salmon research deals with production of young, seaward distribution, utilization, and return to rearing areas. Relative values of different stocks and the respective roles of heredity and environment in determining these are receiving increasing emphasis.

A statistical analysis by A.W. Ghent (University of Illinois) using updated data for Miramichi commercial catches and regional rainfall has confirmed the Huntsman catch-rainfall correlation and may offer leads for future research.

The Maritime commercial catch of Atlantic salmon fell to 60% of the 1967 total. Most reduction was in the Gulf of St. Lawrence and Atlantic areas, the Bay of Fundy catch remaining about the same, Most decrease was for gillnets and driftnets (about 30 and 50%, respectively). These are large-mesh nets which take large, 2-sea-year and older fish. The sport fish catch was about 45% of that for 1967. While this decrease may reflect some decline in stock abundance, there can be little doubt that an important contributing factor was the driest summer on record for many Maritime streams--hence, unusually poor conditions for entry of salmon and for angling.

Tagging of hatchery-reared and wild smelts has shown that their patterns of dispersal from rivers are similar. Processing of tagging data since 1962 is in progress. In 1968, tagged smelts were liberated in Gulf of St. Lawrence, Atlantic coast of Cape Breton, and Bay of Fundy rivers. Recaptures of post-smelts show different patterns for each of the three areas. Gulf of St, Lawrence smelts were not taken as post-smelts after leaving their home river areas. Cape Breton and Bay of Fundy smelts were taken as post-smelts mainly near areas of liberation but also along the Atlantic coast off Nova Scotia and off south Newfoundland.

Control of predation by mergansers in the Margaree River terminated in August, Commercial and sport fish catch records are still being followed. Assessments of parr abundance also continue. After 6 years of control, populations of large and small parr are much above pre-control levels (pre-control, 36 parr/100 sq yd; with control, about 55).

No increase in sport or commercial fishing catches can be identified as resulting directly from merganser control,

- 29 -

but Margaree area catches were not depressed nearly as much as other areas of the Gulf of St. Lawrence.

In 1968, 28,000 wild Northwest Miramichi smolts were tagged at Curventon with four of the most promising patterns of tags. Early comparative results will appear in 1969. In addition to the 28,000 wild smolts tagged, approximately 23,000 were counted descending, for a total production of over 50,000 smolts--the best run in recent years.

Despite the good smolt run in 1967 (estimated as 45,000), only 968 grilse and 74 larger salmon moved upstream in 1968, for the lowest total run of salmon and grilse since 1950. Excep~onaTiy low river discharge contributed to the poor run through delay and some consequent mortality. In mid-July, a holding pool at the Curventon counting fence was improved and this facilitated upward passage of the small run of fish.

The Curventon smolt-adult counting fence is a key facility for studying return behaviour of salmon of different stock origins. About 200 tagged grilse were expected from 1967 liberations of selected smolts. With few recaptures reported by late summer, concern was felt lest increasing industrial pollution in the estuary might, by hindering entry, affect studies of stock origin.

Evidence of unusual conditions is obtained from tagging of grilse and salmon in the estuary. During the last 3 years such tagging, by the Resource Development Branch, shows an increasing percentage of fish moving outside again into the commercial fishery (from 22% of recaptures of large salmon in 1966 to 42% in 1968); previous to 1966 outside recaptures were much lower. A late summer survey of important pollution points in the estuary was made in cooperation with our Pollution Group and the Federal Department of Fisheries. Organic pollution (oils, domestic and industrial wastes) was high. The effect of this condition on entry of salmon, perhaps aggravated by low fresh­water discharge, warrants serious study.

Additional work on salmon is reported under the Physiology and Behaviour Sections.

Genetic Polymorphism

Investigations for identifying D. M~LLER salmon populations by frequencies of genetically linked characters have been started. The first stage of the research involves blood group studies using rabbit immune sera. Electrophoresis of different proteins, such as serum proteins and enzymes, is also being used.

For these studies, live adult salmon of early and late run Miramichi stock, grilse and salmon, and of salmon from four other rivers have been collected through cooperation with the Federal Department of Fisheries.

- 30 -

Work plans have been coordinated with similar studies at the St. John's Biological Station, the Halifax Technological Laboratory, and the University of New Brunswick.

Parasitology

Studies on parasites as J.H.C. PIPPY biological tags in Atlantic salmon continued. The copepod, Satminaota satmoneus, from Canadian ~almon and the acanthocephalan, Pomphorhynahus taevis, from European salmon are not sufficiently abundant to separate stocks of Canadian and European salmon. There are differences in the abundance of the larval nematode, Anisakis sp., larval tapeworms, Hepatoxyton trichiuri and Tentaautaria aoryphaenae, and the adult tapeworm, Eubothrium arassum, in salmon caught in the Bay of Fundy, Miramichi Bay, and Chaleur Bay. Similarities in abundance of Anisakis and H. triahiuri suggest the salmon in Miramichi and Chaleur Bay areas, but not the Bay of Fundy, are similar to the stocks of salmon caught in Greenland. Eubothrium arassum was more abundant in Canadian than in European salmon. The presence of the trematode, Hemiurus tevinseni, probably indicates northerly migration of salmon returning to southwest England, but its presence in Canadian salmon does not have the same significance. Apparent differences in distribution of fluores­cent material in Anisakis sp. larvae from salmon of both sides of the Atlantic are being studied.

A summer kill of adult salmon in the Northwest Miramichi River was related to the bacterium, Aeromonas tiquefaaiens. This epizootic was similar to that which occurred in the summer of 1967, but there was no rise in base-metal pollution immediately prior to the 1968 epidemic. This epidemic did appear during a period of exceptionally low and warm water. Suckers (Catostomus aommersoni) probably were the prime source of infection.

Stream Productivity

The field aspect of studies J.W. SAUNDERS of effects of man-made changes in stream environment of Ellerslie Brook, P.E.I., have been completed.

Stream productivity studies of salmon and trout are being continued in Trout Brook, a tributary of the Northwest Miramichi River, and in Nashwaaksis Stream, a tributary of the Saint John, in cooperation with the N.B. Department of Natural Resources.

Recent forest spraying of basins has depressed production. Populations in Nashwaaksis remained low in 1968. However, the 1967 introduction of ripe female salmon to mate with the native run of male grilse in Trout Brook has resulted in a good stock of juveniles there. Trout stocks have remained at a low level.

- 31 -

Large migrant trout passing through Curventon fence, as well as those passing the Trout Brook fence, are tagged. Trout that descend into the lower Northwest Miramichi River from Trout Brook and those that enter the river from the estuary are poorly utilized by anglers (6-17% caught). Both groups move through the river to the protected headwaters at a time when the river is scheduled for fly fishing only. The concen­tration of large trout in the headwaters can mitigate against salmon production, both through predation by the large trout and competition among the young.

Environmental Manipulation

Analyses and preparation for M.W. SMITH publication of data gathered on manipulation of environment and fish to produce more brook and rainbow trout in Maritime fresh waters continued. In studies of artificial enrichment of a natural lake, the lake was sufficiently self­regulatory that the artificial enrichments, spaced 5 and 8 years apart, had only a temporary effect on organic production. This situation obtained with little change in the drainage area. The induced eutrophication proved largely reversible, with minor evidence of hastened senescence of the lake over a 17-year period.

Eels

Eels, 30 years ago an important J.C. MEDCOF local food resource in many areas, get little such use nowadays. According to accounts, some of these fisheries were based on seasonal migrations:

( 1 )

( 2) ( 3 )

(4)

from saltwater estuaries to freshwater lakes in autumn; from lakes to estuaries in spring; from salt water to freshwater streams in spring and summer to feed on smelt spawn and on young alewives; the well recognized seaward migration of maturing eels in late summer and autumn.

A review of these accounts has been under way.

APPENDIX I

PUBLICATIONS

Aiken, D.E. 1968. The crayfish Orconectes viriZis: survival in a region with severe winter conditions. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 46{2}: 207-211.

1968. Subdivisions of Stage E {ecdysis} in the crayfish Orconectes viriZis. Canadian Journal of Zoolngy, 46{2}: 153-155.

Anderson, J.M. 1968. Effect of sublethal DDT on the lateral line of brook trout, SaZveZinus fontinaZis. J. Fish. Res. Bd. Canada, 25{12}: 2677-2682.

Barrett, B.E. 1968. Methods of demonstrating cells in calcareous and other sponges. Trans. Amer. Microsc. Soc., 87{3}: 384-386.

1968. First occurrence of Greenland halibut (Reinhardtius hippogZossoides) in the Bay of Fun~y. J. Fish. Res. Bd. Canada, 25{12}: 2721-2722.

Beamish, F.W.H. 1968. Glycogen and lactic acid concentrations in Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua} in relation to exer~ise. J. Fish. Res. Bd. Canada, 25{5}: 837-851.

Beckett, J.S. 1968. A harpoon adapter for tagging large free-swimming fish at the surface. J. Fish. Res. Bd. Canada, 25(1): 177-179.

1968. Longline lures for swordfish. Fisheries of Canada, 21{5): 26-27.

1968. New records of the barnacle Conchoderma virgatum in the northwest Atlantic. J. Fish. Res. Bd. Canada, 25{12}: 2707-2710.

Beckett, J.S., and S.N. Tibbo. 1968. Recent changes in size composition of Canadian Atlantic swordfish catches. International Commission for the Northwest Atlantic Fisheries, Redbook 1968, Part III. p. 62-66.

Buerkle, Udo. 1968. Relation of pure tone thresholds to background noise level in the Atlantic cod (Gadus moPhua}. J. Fish. Res. Bd. Canada, 25{6}: 1155-1160.

Burt, M.D.B., and R.E. Drinnan. 1968. A microturbellarian found in oysters off the coast of Prince Edward Island. J. Fish. Res. Bd. Canada, 25{11): 2521-2522.

- 2 -

Caddy, J.F. 1968. Underwater observations on scallop (Plaaopeaten magellaniaus) behaviour and drag efficiency. J. Fish. Res. Bd. Canada, 25(10): 2123-2141.

Caddy, J.F., and R.A. Chandler. 1968. Accumulation of paralytic shellfish poison by the rough whelk (Buaainum undatum L.). Proceedings of the National Shellfisheries Association, 58: 46-50.

Caddy, J.F., and E.I. Lord. 1968. Recent developments in the Georges Bank scallop fishery. International Commission for the Northwest Atlantic Fisheries, Redbook 1968, Part III. p. 89-93.

Carrothers, P.J.G. 1968. Instrumentation for the engineering study of otter trawls. Bull. Fish. Res. Bd. Canada, No. 163. 45 p.

1968. Field identification of synthetic fibres used in fish nets. International Commission for the Northwest Atlantic Fisheries, Redbook 1968, Part III. p. 49-52.

Eales, J.G. 1968. The eel fisheries of eastern Canada. Bull. Fish. Res. Bd. Canada, No. 166. 79 p.

Elson, P.F., and C.J. Kerswill. 1968. Developing criteria for pesticide residues important to fisheries. Dept. of Fisheries, Canadian Fisheries Reports, No. 9. p. 41-45.

Halliday, R.G. 1968. Occurrence of Parasudis truaulentus (Goode and Bean) 1895 (Iniomi: Chlorophthalmidae) off LaHave Bank, Nova Scotia. J. Fish. Res. Bd. Canada, 25(2): 421-422.

Hart, J.L. 1967. Fisheries production from the Northwest Atlantic. Proceedings VII International Congress of Nutrition, Hamburg, 1966. Vol. 4: Problems of world nutrition, Symposium XV: Food from the sea. p. 1007-1014.

Knight, William. 1968. Asymtotic growth: an example of nonsense dis9uised as mathematics. J. Fish. Res. Bd. Canada, 25(6): 1303-1307.

Medcof, J.C. 1968. L'ostreiculture dans les provinces Maritimes. Bull. Fish. Res. Bd. Canada, No. 131 (French edition). 178 p.

r~1edcof, J.C., and Esther I. Lord. 1968. Strange catch­a walrus tusk. Fisheries of Canada, 21(3): 19-20.

McCracken, F.D. 1968. for haddock of the Commission for the Bulletin No. 5. p.

Size, age, and recruitment comparisons central Scotian Shelf. International Northwest Atlantic Fisheries, Research 99-109.

McCracken, F.D. 1968. B. Subareas 4 and Northwest Atlantic p. 12-22.

- 3 -

Canadian Research Report, 1967. 5. International Commission for the Fisheries, Redbook 1968, Part II.

McLeese, D.W. 1968. Temperature resistance of the spider crab, Chionoeaetes opitio. J. Fish. Res. Bd. Canada, 25(8): 1733-1736.

McLeese, D.W., and J. Watson. 1968. Oxygen consumption of the spider crab (Chionoeaetes opiZio) and the American lobster (Homarus ameriaanus) at a low temperature. J. Fish. Res. Bd. Canada, 25(8): 1729-1732.

Paloheimo, J.E., and A.C. Kohler. 1968. Analysis of the southern Gulf of St. Lawrence cod population. J. Fish. Res. Bd. Canada, 25(3): 555-578.

Powles, P.M., D.G. Garnett, G.D. Ruggieri, S.J., R.F. Nigrelli. 1968. Iahthyophonus infection in yellow­tail flounder (Limanda ferruginea) off Nova Scotia. J. Fish. Res. Bd. Canada, 25(3): 597-598.

Saunders, J.W. 1968. Anadromous fish studies. In "Hydrologic activities in the north Nashwaaksis Stream Basin, N.B., Jan. 1, 1967, -June 30, 1968", by D.I. Bray. Presented to New Brunswick Sub-Committee, International Hydrologic Decade, Fredericton, N.B. p. 17-18.

Saunders, Richard L. 1968. An evaluation of two methods of attaching tags to Atlantic salmon smelts. Progressive Fish-Culturist, 30(2): 104-109.

Scarratt, D.J. 1968. Distribution of lobster larvae (Homarus ameriaanus) off Pictou, Nova Scotia. J. Fish. Res. Bd. Canada, 25(2): 427-430.

1968. An artificial reef for lobsters (Bomarus ameriaanus) off Pictou, Nova Scotia. J. Fish. Res. Bd. Canada, 25(12): 2683-2690.

Scott, J.S. 1968. Morphometries, distribution, growth, and maturity of offshore sand launce (Ammodytes dubius) on the Nova Scotia Banks. J. Fish. Res. Bd. Canada, 25(9): 1775-1785.

Scott, W.B., and S.N. Tibbo. 1968. An occurrence of the pelagic stingray Dasyatis viotaaea in the Northwest Atlantic. J. Fish. Res. Bd. Canada, 25(5): 1075-1076.

1968. Food and feeding habits of swordfish, Xiphias gtadius, in the western North Atlantic. J. Fish. Res. Bd. Canada, 25(5): 903-919.

- 4 -

Smith, M.W. 1968. Fertilization and predator control to increase rate and yield of trout in a natural lake. J. Fish. Res. Bd. Canada, 25(10): 2011-2036.

Smith, M.W., and J.W. Saunders. 1968. Effect of pond formation on catches of brook trout from a coastal stream system. J. Fish. Res. Bd. Canada, 25(2): 209-238.

Sprague, J.B. 1968. Anti-pollution and Atlantic salmon. Fisheries of Canada, 21(1): 12-13.

1968. Apparent DDT tolerance in an aquatic insect disproved by test. Canadian Entomol., 100(3): 279-284.

1968. Promising anti-pollutant: Chelating agent NTA protects fish from copper and zinc. Nature, 220 (5174): 1345-1346.

1968. Avoidance reactions of rainbow trout to zinc sulphate solutions. Water Research, 2: 367-372.

Sprague, J.B., and D.W. McLeese. 1968. Toxicity of kraft pulp mill effluent for larval and adult lobsters, and juvenile salmon. Water Research, 2(11): 753-760.

1968. Different toxic mechanisms in kraft pulp mill effluent for two aquatic animals. Water Research, 2(11): 761-765.

1968. Toxicity of bleached kraft mill effluent to larval and adult lobsters and Atlantic salmon. Presented at Third Paper Industry Air and Stream Improvement Conference, Vancouver, B.C., October 1967. Technical Section, Pulp and Paper Magazine of Canada, December 1968. p. 431-433.

Symons, Philip E.K. 1968. Increase in aggression and in strength of the social hierarchy among juvenile Atlantic salmon deprived of food. J. Fish. Res. Bd. Canada, 25(11): 2387-2401.

Thomas, M.L.H. 1968. Anti-fouling coatings for boats. Fish. Res. Bd. Canada, St. Andrews Biological Station Circular, General Series, No. 52. 3 p. (Also in Fisheries of Canada, 20(11): 18-20.)

1968. Test new treatment to protect wood from marine borers. Fish. Res. Bd. Canada, St. Andrews Biological Station Circular, General Series, No. 53. 5 p. (Also in Fisheries of Canada, 21(4): 17-21.)

1968. Overwintering of American lobsters, Homarua ameriaanua, in burrows in Bideford River, Prince Edward Island. J. Fish. Res. Bd. Canada, 25(12): 2725-2727.

- 5 -

Thomas, M.L.H., and J.R. Duffy. 1968. Butoxyethanol ester of 2,4-D in the control of eelgrass (zostera marina L.) and its effects on oysters (Crassostrea virginica Gmelin) and other benthos. Transactions Northeastern Weed Control Conference, 22: 186-194.

Tibbo, S.N., and L.M. Lauzier. 1968. Abnormal water tempera­tures affect herring fisheries. Fisheries of Canada, 20(7): 7-9.

White, H.C., and J.C. Medcof. 1968. Atlantic salmon scales as records of spawning history. J. Fish. Res. Bd. Canada, 25(11): 2439-2441.

Wilder, D.G. 1968. Band those claws! Fisheries of Canada, 20(8): p. 24.

1968. A researcher reports on Canada's lobster fishery. The Canadian Scientist, 2(3): 26-27.

Wilder, D.G., and U.J. Walsh. 1968. TBTO- A safe, effective treatment for lobster traps. Fisheries of Canada, 21(6): p • 1 4 •

- 6 -

MANUSCRIPT REPORTS

Caddy, J.F., and R.A. Chandler. 1968. Lurcher scallop survey, March 1967. Fish. Res. Bd. Canada MS Rept., No. 965. 36 p.

Medcof, J.C. 1968. Medcof's visits to European molluscan shellfish industrial and research centres, 1955. Fish. Res. Bd. Canada MS Rept., No. 988. 21 p.

Powles, Howard W. 1968. Observations on the distribution and biology of the spider crab, Chionoeaetes opiZio. Fish. Res. Bd. Canada MS Rept., No. 950. 20 p.

1968. Distribution and biology of the spider crab Chionoeaetes opiZio in the Magdalen Shallows, Gulf of St. Lawrence. Fish. Res. Bd. Canada MS Rept., No. 997. 106 p.

Schofield, E.J. 1968. Daily counts of Atlantic salmon and other fish at the Curventon counting fence on the Northwest Miramichi River, New Brunswick, in 1967. Fish. Res. Bd. Canada MS Rept., No. 1002. 38 p.

Sprague, J.B., W.G. Carson, and W.P. Vass. 1968. NTA and other sequestrants to protect salmonid fish from copper and zinc in fresh water. Fish. Res. Bd. Canada MS Rept., No. 992. 26 p.

Sprague, J.B., and W.V. Carson. 1968. Chemical conditions in the Northwest Miramichi River during 1967. Fish. Res. Bd. Canada MS Rept., No. 959. 38 p.

Sprague, J.B., W.V. Carson, and E.J. Schofield. 1968. Zinc­copper pollution in Miramichi River, summer 1967. Chemical autopsy on dead fish and interpretation of associated field data. Fish. Res. Bd. Canada MS Rept., No. 962. 31 p.

Sprague, J.B., and D.W. McLeese. 1968. Lethal concentrations of neutralized bleached kraft pulp mill effluent for larval lobsters, adult lobsters, and juvenile salmon. Fish. Res. Bd. Canada MS Rept., No. 985. 15 p.

1968. Different toxic agents in bleached effluent for two aquatic animals, indicated by in toxicity during storage and bio-oxidation. Bd. Canada MS Rept., No. 986. 9 p.

kraft mill changes Fish. Res.

Symons, P.E.K., and W. Cuff. 1968. A model of the spatial organization of neural systems controlling a component of threat in the male three-spined stickleback. Fish. Res. Bd. Canada MS Rept., No. 999. 29 p.

- 7 -

TECHNICAL REPORTS

Das, Naresh. 1968. Spawning, distribution, survival and growth of larval herring (CZupea harengus L.} in relation to hydrographic conditions in the Bay of Fundy. Canada, Fisheries Research Board Technical Report, No. 88. 156 p.

Forsythe, Michael George. 1968. Analysis of the 1966 smolt run in the Northwest Miramichi River, New Brunswick. Canada, Fisheries Research Board Technical Report, No. 91. 33 p.

Kohler, A.C. 1968. Fish stocks of the Nova Scotia Banks and Gulf of St. Lawrence. Canada, Fisheries Research Board Technical Report, No. 80. 25 p.

McCracken, F.D. 1968. Cod and haddock catches by Maritime trawlers on the Scotian Shelf and Georges Bank, 1965. Canada, Fisheries Research Board Technical Report, No. 86. 16 p.

Medcof, J.C., and R.A. Chandler. 1968. Exploring the uses of ocean quahaugs: obstacles and opportunities. Canada, Fisheries Research Board Technical Report, No. 101, 15 p.

Messieh, S.N., C.D. Burnett, and S.N. Tibbo. 1968. Length and age distribution -Bay of Fundy herring. Canada, Fisheries Research Board Technical Report, No. 57. 64 p.

Pippy, John H.C. 1968. A preliminary bibliography on parasites and diseases of Atlantic salmon (SaZmo saZar}. Canada, Fisheries Research Board Technical Report, No. 83. 8 p.

Stoddard, Judith H. 1968. Fat contents of Canadian Atlantic herring. Canada, Fisheries Research Board Technical Report, No. 79. 24 p., 10 tables, 17 figures.

- 8 -

MANUSCRIPTS SUBMITTED FOR PUBLICATION

(to December 31, 1968)

Aiken, D.E. Photoperiod, endocrinology and the crustacean molt cycle. Science.

Allen, K. Radway. The application of the Bertalanffy growth equation to problems of fisheries management. Special volume dedicated to Professor L. von Bertalanffy.

Anderson, J.M., and M.R. Peterson. DDT: Sublethal effects on nervous system function in brook trout (saZveZinus fontinaZis). Science.

Barrett, B. E., and A. Sreedharan. Bias involved in estimating numbers of ova as opposed to direct counting. J. Fish. Res. Bd. Canada.

Buerkle, U. Auditory masking and the critical band in Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua). J. Fish. Res. Bd. Canada.

Chandler, R.A., and J.C. Medcof. Strange catches- .. Stones with holes in 11

• Fisheries of Canada.

Halliday, R.G. Rare fishes from the Clyde Sea Area. J. Nat. Hi st.

Occurrence and morphometries of ChZorophthaZmus agassizi Bonaparte 1840 (Iniomi: Chlorophthalmidae) off southwestern Nova Scotia. J. Fish. Res. Bd. Canada.

Population parameters of Argentina sphyraena L. (Isospondyli) from west of Britain. J. Mar. Biol. Ass.

Reproduction and feeding of Argentina sphyraena L. (Isospondyli) in the Clyde Sea Area. J. Mar. Biol. Ass.

Distribution and regional variation of Argentina sphyraena L. (Pisces: Isospondyli). J. Mar. Biol. Ass.

Kohler, A.C., and D.N. Fitzgerald. Food selection of cod and haddock in the Gulf of St. Lawrence and on the Nova Scotia Banks. J. Fish. Res. Bd. Canada.

Messieh, S.N., and S.N. Tibbo. A critique on the use of otoliths for aging Gulf of St. Lawrence herring (CZupea harengus L.). J. du Conseil.

Peterson, R.H., and J.M. Anderson. Influence of change in acclimation temperature on spontaneous locomotor activity and oxygen consumption in Atlantic salmon, SaZmo saZar Linn. J. Fish. Res. Bd. Canada.

- 9 -

Pippy, J.H.C. Pomphorhynahus Zaevis (Zoega) Muller, 1776 (Acanthocephala) in Atlantic salmon (saZmo saZar L.) and its use as a biological tag. J. Fish. Res. Bd. Canada.

Powles, P.M. Size changes, mortality, and equilibrium yields in an exploited stock of American plaice (HippogZossoides pZatessoides F.). J. Fish. Res. Bd. Canada.

Saunders, J.W. Mass mortality and behaviour of brook trout and juvenile Atlantic salmon in a stream polluted by agricultural pesticides. J. Fish. Res. Bd. Canada.

Saunders, Richard L. Contributions of salmon from the Northwest Miramichi River, New Brunswick, to various fisheries. J. Fish. Res. Bd. Canada.

Scott, J.S. Trematode populations in the Atlantic argentine, Argentina siZus, and their uses as biological indicators. J. Fish. Res. Bd. Canada.

Morphology and morphometric variation in LeaithophyZZum botryophorum (Trematoda: Hemiuridae) in Argentina siZus. Canadian Journal of Zoology.

Lampritrema nipponiaum (Trematoda) from west Atlantic argentines. Canadian Journal of Zoology.

Sand launce (Ammodytes) on the Nova Scotian Banks. J. Fish. Res. Bd. Canada.

Scott, W.B. On the pyloric caecae of Gadus (Micromesistius) poutassou (Risso) from western Atlantic waters. Journal du Conseil (ICES).

Smith, M.W., and J.W. Saunders. Effect of pond formation on catches of brook trout from a coastal stream system. J. Fish. Res. Bd. Canada.

Symons, P.E.K. Starvation and aggression in juvenile Atlantic salmon; a mechanism for regulating population density. J. Fish. Res. Bd. Canada.

Vass, S.E., and M.L.H. Thomas. New bird records for Prince Edward Island. Canadian Field-Naturalist.

APPENDIX II

MEETINGS ATTENDED AND MAJOR TRIPS

Aiken, D.E. Annual meeting of the American Society of Zoologists, Dallas, Texas, Dec. 26-31.

Aiken, D.E., D.E. Graham, D.W. McLeese, J.W. Saunders, U.J. Walsh, and D.G. Wilder. Third North American Lobster Workshop, Boothbay Harbor, Maine, Oct. 22-24.

Anderson, J.M. FRB Annual Meetings, CCFFR and CSZ Meetings, Ottawa, Ont., Jan. 3-10.

Maritime Regional Conference, Dept. of Fisheries, Halifax, N.S., Mar. 25-26.

Graduate student orals, Carleton University, Ottawa, Apr. 3.

Meeting with new Head of Biology, U.N. B., Fredericton, N.B., Apr. 5.

APICS Meeting, Wolfville, N.S., Apr. 6.

Meeting with Senior Officers of FRB and Department of Fisheries, Ottawa, Ont., Apr. 17-19.

Atlantic Directors• Meeting, Ottawa, Ont., May 13-15.

Visited FRB Vancouver and Nanaimo Laboratories, June 3-5.

Visited Mount Dessert Island Laboratories, Bar Harbor, Maine, July 20-22.

Lecture to Royal Canadian Institute Summer Science Students, Lakefield, Ont., Aug. 3.

XXIV International Congress of Physiological Sciences, Washington, D.C., Aug. 25-31.

Atlantic Fisheries Technologists• Meeting, St. John's, Nfld., Sept. 18.

ICES Meetings, Copenhagen, Denmark, Sept. 24-0ct. 4.

Visited laboratories of University of Oslo, Norway, Plymouth Marine Station, Plymouth, England, Oct. 5-7.

Lecture at University of New Brunswick, Saint John, N.B., Oct. 15.

Meeting of Atlantic Association of Universities, St. John's, Nfld., Oct. 22.

- 2 -

Anderson, J.M. Annual FRB Directors• Meeting, Ottawa, Ont., Nov. 18-22.

APICS (Central Committee), Halifax, N.S., Nov. 23.

Meeting of Steering Committee of International Association of Water Pollution Research, Ottawa, Dec. 10.

Anderson , J . M. , and J . F. Caddy. Cons u 1 tat ion w i t h Perry Submarine Co., Hest Palm Beach, Florida, May 20-21.

Anderson, J.~1., J.C. Medcof, F.D. McCracken, and A. Weinsieder. r1eeting of Representatives of Eastern Canadian Universities with FRB personnel, St. Andrews, N.B., Dec. 4.

Anderson, J.M., J.C. Medcof, and A. Weinsieder. APICS Planning Seminar, Fredericton, N.B., May 26-28.

Anderson, J.M., J.S. Scott, and J.B. Sprague. Canadian Society of Zoologists Meeting, Calgary, Alberta, May 31-June 1.

Barrett, B.E., F. D. McCracken, S.N. Messieh, and S.N. Tibbo. Meeting of Scientific Advisers (Herring Committee) to Panel 5 (ICNAF), St. Andrews, N.B., Dec. 19.

Barrett, B.E., and J.C. Medcof. Colloquium celebrating opening of new zoology building at University of Maine, Orono, t1aine, May 3.

Beckett, J.S. Visited Royal Ontario Museum to work with fish collections, Toronto, Ont., Apr. 15-18.

Lunenburg Exhibition, Lunenburg, N.S., Sept. 11-14.

Besch, W.K.T. Canadian Committee on Freshwater Fisheries Research, Ottawa, Ont., Jan. 8-10.

Visited University of Toronto and Royal Ontario Museum, Toronto, Ont., Jan. 11, and University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ont., Jan. 12.

Besch, W.K.T., J.W. Saunders, and J.B. Sprague. Water Conference, Fredericton, N. B., t1ay 13-14.

Buerkle, U., and S.M. Polar. 76th Annual Meeting of the Acoustical Society of America and the 20th Annual Acoustic Exhibition, Cleveland, Ohio, Nov. 18-22.

Buerkle, U. Visited Graduate School of Oceanography, Univer­sity of Rhode Island to discuss their work on hearing in fish, Dec. 4-5.

Caddy, J.F. Visited Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Mass., Feb. 19-23.

Caddy, J.F. Visited Pascagoula Marine Station, Mississippi, ~1ay 21.

- 3 -

Caddy, J.F., F.D. McCracken, D.J. Scarratt, and S.N. Tibbo. Gulf of St. Lawrence Symposium, Dartmouth, N.S., Nov. 26-29.

Carrothers, P.J.G. Symposium on "Avionics and Natural Resources", sponsored by the Canadian Aeronautics and Space Institute, Ottawa, Ont., Jan. 15-16.

Annual Meeting and Technical Conference, Association of Professional Engineers of New Brunswick, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, N.B., Feb. 14-16.

12th Atlantic Professional Engineers Conference, St. Andrews, N.B., Aug. 28-30.

Carrothers, P.J.G., and T.J. Foulkes. Visited U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Gloucester, Mass., re gear research programs; Braincon Corp., Marion, Mass., Geodyne Corp., Waltham, Mass., E. G. & G., Boston, Mass., re underwater instruments and cameras; and attended Fishermen•s Forum, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island, Mar. 4-9.

Elson, P.F. Miramichi Salmon Association Annual Meeting, New York, N.Y., Feb. 2.

Atlantic Salmon Association Annual Meeting, Montreal, P.Q., Feb. 15.

Elson, P.F., and J.W. Saunders. Program Working Party on Atlantic Anadromous Fish, St. John's, Nfld., Mar. 19-20.

Elson, P.F. Salmon and Trout Section of the Federal-Provincial C o mm i t t e e o n A t 1 a n t i c F i s h e r i e s , M o n t rea 1 , A p r • 9 - 1 0 .

Elson, P.F., F.D. McCracken, and J.W. Saunders. Meeting of Committee on Fisheries Information for Water Resources, Fredericton, N.B., July 16.

Elson, P.F. Miramichi Salmon Association Annual Directors• Dinner Meeting, Boiestown, N.B., Sept. 25.

Program Working Party on Atlantic Anadromous Fish, Indian River, Nfld., Nov. 4-8.

Program Workin9 Party -Ministry Special Committee on Atlantic Salmon (combined meeting), Halifax, N.S., Nov. 27-28.

Halliday, R.G., and A. Sreedharan. Meeting of International Association of Biological Oceanography, Woods Hole, Mass., May 21-24.

Halliday, R.G., A.C. Kohler, F.D. McCracken, J.S. Scott, and A.V. Tyler. ICNAF Advisers, Boothbay Harbor, Maine, Dec. 9-11.

- 4 -

Kohler, A.C. 21st Annual Meeting of the Gulf and Caribbean Fisheries Institute, Miami, Florida, Nov. 17-21.

Visited U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Laboratory and Marine Sciences Centre of the University of Miami, Miami, Florida, Nov. 21.

The International Game Fish Conference, Miami, Florida, Nov. 22-23.

Kohler, A.C., and F.D. McCracken. ICNAF Annual Meetings and Associated Meetings, London, England, May 19-June 8.

Lauzier, L.M. Meeting of CODC Advisory Board, Ottawa, June 17-18.

Symposium on Investigations and Resources of the Caribbean Sea and Adjacent Regions, Willemstad, Curacao, Netherlands Antilles, Nov. 18-23.

McCracken, F.D. Meeting of ICNAF Standing Committee on Regulatory Measures, London, England, Jan. 27-Feb. 6.

Canadian Industry Advisers to ICNAF, Halifax, N.S., Aug. 14-16.

Treasury Board Course, Ottawa, Ont., Sept. 15-21.

Medcof, J.C. APICS Subcommittee on Biology, Sackville, N.B., May 25, Halifax, N.S., Nov. 2.

APICS Subcommittee on Marine Sciences, Halifax, N.S., Mar. 29 and Nov. 2; Crystal Cliffs, N.S., Sept. 7.

Meeting of Oyster Services Co-ordination Group, Halifax, N.S., Feb. 6-7, and Ellerslie, P.E.I., June 11 and Aug. 8.

Meeting of Oyster Section, Federal-Provincial Atlantic Fisheries Committee, Ellerslie, P.E.I., June 11.

Meetings of Deputy Minister's Task Force for P.E.I. Fisheries Development, Ottawa, Jan. 22, and Halifax, N.S., Feb. 5.

Annual Meeting, National Shellfisheries Association, Washington, D.C., July 14-18.

Tour and conference with Federal Department of Fisheries Resource Development Service for selecting Bras d'Or Lake sites for testing Japanese methods of hanging culture of oysters, Orangedale, Wycocomagh, and River Denys, N.S., Sept. 4-6.

Messieh, S.N. American Fisheries Society Annual Meeting, Tuscon, Arizona, Sept. 9-12.

- 5 -

Pippy, J.H.C. Seminars and laboratory sessions on fish diseases at the Federal Eastern Fish Disease Laboratory in Leetown, West Virginia, Mar. 3-24.

Visited Animal Parasitology Division of U.S. National Museum, Beltsville, Maryland, Mar. 21.

Meeting of Canadian Society of Wildlife and Fisheries Biologists, Halifax, N.S., Nov. 8.

Meeting of Miramichi Commercial Fishermen's Association, Chatham, N.B., Nov. 25.

Polar, S.M. Factory Service Seminar relating to Television Systems, sponsored by Cohu Electronics of San Diego, California, Mar. 11-15.

Saunders, J.W. Meeting with officers of N.B. Fish and Wildlife Branch, Dept. of Natural Resources, Fredericton, N.B., Jan. 30.

Meeting with Resource Development Branch, Halifax, N.S., Feb. 8.

Forest Spraying Coordinating Meeting, Fredericton, N.B., Feb. 13.

H.R. MacMillan Lectures in Fisheries, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C., Feb. 22-23.

Visited Nanaimo Station, Feb. 24-27.

Met with electron microscope group at Carleton University, Ottawa, Ont., Feb. 29-Mar. 2.

Literature search, Dalhousie University, Halifax, N.S., Mar. 21-23.

Course No. 990, RADEF in Primary and Secondary Food Industries, Canadian Emergency Measures College, Arnprior, Ont., Apr. 20-27.

Program Meeting with N.B. Fish and Wildlife Branch, Fredericton, N.B., May 8.

Water Conference, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, N.B., May 13-14.

Meeting of Dept. of Natural Resources, Fredericton, N.B., July 23.

N.B. Sub-Committee Meeting of I.H.D., Fredericton, N.B., Sept. 25.

- 6 -

Saunders, R.L. Meetings of British Society for Experimental Biology, London, England, Jan. 2-4, Bristol, England, Mar. 26-29, Glasgow, Scotland, July 16-18.

Meeting of Challenger Society, London, England, Jan. 24.

Meeting of British Salmon Research Group, Aberdeen, Scotland, July 10-11.

While in Europe, visited Marine Biological Station of the U.K., Plymouth; Queen Mary College, London, Freshwater Fisheries Laboratory, London; Dept. of Zoology, University of East Anglia; Dept. of Zoology, University of Stirling; University of St. Andrews, Gatty Marine Laboratory; Marine Laboratory, Aberdeen; Zoology Department, University of Aberdeen; Zoology Department, University of Glasgow; Freshwater Biological Association, Windermere; Water Pollution Research Laboratory, Stevenage; Fisheries Laboratory, Lowestoft; Zoological Station, Naples; Dept. of Zoology, University of Groningen; Department of Zoology, University of Lieden; Department of Zoology, University of Oslo; Marine Fisheries Institute, Bergen; Swedish Marine Biological Station, Kristineberg, and Netherlands Institute for Sea Fisheries Research, Den Helder.

Scarratt, D.J. Northeast Fish and Wildlife Conference, New Hampshire, Jan. 14-17.

Canadian observer at Sealab III experiment, Long Beach, California, Dec. 5-6.

Symons, P.E.K. Program Working Party on Atlantic Anadromous Fish, St. John's, Nfld., Mar. 19-20.

Tibbo, S.N. Examining Board Meetings re appointment of Vessel Manager to FRB staff, Ottawa, Montreal, and Halifax, N.S., Feb. 5-8.

Symposium on 11 The Biology of Early Stages and Recruitment Mechanisms of Herring 11

, Charlottenlund, Denmark, Sept. 26-29.

56th Statutory Meeting of the International Council for the Exploration of the Sea, Copenhagen, Denmark, Sept. 30-0ct. 5.

Visited research laboratories in Hamburg, Germany; ljmuiden and Amsterdam, Holland; Lowestoft, England; Aberdeen, Scotland, Oct. 10-24.

Meeting of Special Committee on Atlantic Herring, Ottawa, Dec. 16-17.

- 7 -

Tyler, A.V. International Symposium on Marine Food Chains, Aarhus, Denmark, July 23-27.

Visited the Biologische Anstalt, Helgoland, July 29-31.

Watson, J. Discussions re spider crab fishery, Federal­Provincial personnel, Montreal, Fredericton, and Halifax, Feb. 5-8, and 12-15.

Watson, J., and D.G. Wilder. Discussions re spider crab with IDS, Ottawa, Ont., Dec. 5.

Weinsieder, A. APICS Subcommittee on TV Meeting, Halifax, N.S., May 4.

FRB Librarians' Meeting, Ottawa, Ont., May 29-30.

Meeting of the American Society of Cell Biology, Boston, Mass., Nov. 11-13.

Wilder, D.G. Discussions re indemnity payments for disastrous lobster trap losses, Ottawa, Ont., Jan. 4-5.

Discussions re lobster regulations, illustrated talk to Fisheries Officers Conference, and talk to officials of Scott Maritimes Pulp, Ltd., Halifax and New Glasgow, N.S., Feb. 4-7.

Zitko, V. Rochester Conference on Toxicity, Department of Radiation Biology and Biophysics, Rochester, New York, June 4-6.

APPENDIX III

SCIENTIFIC STAFF

(as of December 31, 1968)

J.M. Anderson, Ph.D. (Toronto), Director. F.D. McCracken, Ph.D. (Toronto), Assistant Director. A.Weinsieder, M.S. (Vermont).

D.E. Aiken, Ph.D. (Alberta). B.E. Barrett, Ph.D. (New Hampshire). J.S. Beckett, M.A. (Cambridge). W.K.T. Besch, Ph.D. (Giessen). U. Buerkle, M.Sc. (McGill). J.F. Caddy, Ph.D. (London). P.J.G. Carrothers, S.M. (M.I.T.). P.F. Elson, Ph.D. (Toronto). R.G. Halliday, Ph.D. (Glasgow). A.C. Kohler, Ph.D. (McGill). L.M. Lauzier, D.Sc. (Laval) D.W. McLeese, Ph.D. (Toronto). J.C. Medcof, Ph.D. (Illinois). S.N. Messiah, Dip. H.S. (Oceanog.) (Alexandria). D. M~ller, Ph.D. (Oslo). J.H.C. Pippy, M.Sc. (Memorial). J.W. Saunders, M.Sc. (Laval). R.L. Saunders, Ph.D. (Toronto). D.J. Scarratt, Ph.D. (Wales). J.S. Scott, Ph.D. (St. Andrews). M.W. Smith, Ph.D. (Toronto). J.B. Sprague, Ph.D. (Toronto}. A. Sreedharan, M.S. (Mass.). A.M. Sutterlin, Ph.D. (Mass.). P.E.K. Symons, Ph.D. (Leiden). S.N. Tibbo, M.A. (Toronto). A.V. Tyler, Ph.D. (Toronto). J. Watson, Ph.D. (Durham). D.G. Wilder, Ph.D. (Toronto). V. Zitko, C.S.C. (Slovak Academy of Sciences}.

Guest Workers

H.L. Atwood, Ph.D. J.T.P. Baker, B.Sc.* F.W.H. Beamish, Ph.D. Susan Corey, Ph.D. W. Dall, Ph.D. E. Denton, Ph.D. Carol M. Lalli, Ph.D. J.B. Lewis, Ph.D.

R.A. Liversage, Ph.D. J. Lorn, Ph.D.

Affiliation

University of Toronto McGill University University of Guelph University of Guelph University of Guelph M.B.A., Plymouth McGill -university Bell airs Res. Inst., McGill University University of Toronto Slovak Acad. of Sci.

Guest Workers

J. Machin, Ph.D. R. MacDougall, B.Sc.* J. Oughton, Ph.D. Valerie M. Pasztor, Ph.D. J. Patterson, M.Sc.** Dorothy Pocock, M.Sc.** J.C. Roff, M.Sc. W.B. Scott, Ph.D. P. Schluger, M.S.** Doreen Snow, B.Sc.* Judith H. Stoddard, B.Sc.*

*M.Sc. candidates **Ph.D. candidates

- 2 -

Affiliation

University of Toronto Memorial University University of Guelph McGill University McGill University McGill University University of Guelph Royal Ontario Museum University of Penn. McGill University Dalhousie University

- 3 -

STAFF LIST BY INVESTIGATIONS

(as of December 31, 1968)

Director, Scientist 5 Assistant Director, Scientist 4 Assistant to Director, Scientist Secretary to Director, ST 6

J.M. Anderson, Ph.D. F.D. McCracken, Ph.D.

2 A. Weinsieder, M.S. Winifred E. Young

ANADROMOUS

Scientist 3 P.F. Elson, Ph.D. Scientist 4 M.W. Smith, Ph.D. Scientist 3 D. M~ller, Ph.D. (from Oct. 1) Scientist 3 J.W. Saunders, M.Sc. Scientist 2 J.H.C. Pippy, M.Sc. Technician 5 E.J. Schofield Technician 2 G.M. Hare, B.A. Technician 2 C.R. Hayes Technician 2 C. Williams Technician 1 H.P. Barchard Technician 1 W.G. Irving Technician 1 I.M. Jones Technician 1 L.R. MacFarlane Asst. Tech. 3 Mary Holmes Asst. Tech. 2 E.K. Geldart Asst. Tech. 2 - Cont. Seasonal E.C. Tucker (April 16-Nov. 29) Asst. Tech. 2 - Term M.B. McKibbon (April 16-Nov. 15) Student Diane M. Alexander, B.Sc. (May 21-Sept. 20) Student K.J. Learn (May 6-Sept. 5) Student Audrey A. Lo~ie (May 6-Sept. 5) Student A.J. Norman (April 29-Aug. 28) Student P.R. Tozer (May 6-Sept. 5) Student Sharon E. Williamson (May 6-Sept. 5)

BEHAVIOUR

Scientist 3 Scientist 2 Scientist 2 Scientist 2 Technician 3 Technician 3 Student Student Student

D.W. McLeese, Ph.D. U. Buerkle, M.Sc. A.M. Sutterlin, Ph.D. (from Oct. 2) P.E.K. Symons, Ph.D. M.P.C. Fung, M.Sc.

-Term W.R. Cuff, M.Sc. (Jan. 26-May 31) D.G. Garnett, B.Sc. (May 13-Sept. 12) H.B. Prins, B.Sc. (May 6-Sept. 5) J.B. Sochasky (May 6-Sept. 5)

- 4 -

FISHERIES OCEANOGRAPHY

Scientist 4 Technician 4 Technician 3 Technician 1 Student Student Field Observer Field Observer Field Observer Field Observer

GEAR RESEARCH

L.M. Lauzier, D.Sc. J.G. Clark J.H. Hull A.W. Brown H.M. Akagi (May 3-Aug. 30) J.A. MacEachern, B.Sc. (May 8-Sept. 6) R.A. Doucette - Lurcher Lightship G.B. Hadley - Yarmouth M.R. MacKenzie - Borden J.R. Mclean - Entry Island

P.J.G. Carrothers, S.M. T.J. Foulkes S.M. Polar J.M. Babineau J.A. Crocker

Scientist 3 Technician 4 Technician 3 Technician 2 Technician 2 Technician 2 Student

- Term A.G. Walker (Sept. 30-0ct. 11) 20)

GROUNDFISH

Scientist 3 Scientist 3 Scientist 2 Scientist 2 Technician 6 Technician 3 Technician 2 Technician 2 Technician 2 Technician 1 Asst. Tech. 3 Student Student Student Student Student Student Student

C.F. Bond (May 13-Sept.

A.C. Kohler, Ph.D. J.S. Scott, Ph.D. R.G. Halliday, Ph.D. (from Jan. 19) A.V. Tyler, Ph.D. D.N. Fitzgerald N.J. McFarlane C.R. Harrison, B.Sc. R.K. Robicheau R.J. Thurber Irma I. Thompson H.M. Sampson P.W. Arnold (May 13-Sept. 12) F. Berkes, B.Sc. (May 6-Sept. 5) M.D. Booth, B.Sc. (May 13-Sept. 12) V. Leslie Grattan {April 22-Aug. 21) R.M. Ireland (May 13-Sept. 12) B.L. Roscoe (May 6-Sept. 5) R. Weir (May 6-Sept. 5)

- 5 -

Groundfish port contact for statistics collection and sampling.

Technician 6 G.J.W. Sullivan Technician 3 M.F. Fraser Technician 3 R.M. MacPherson Technician 1 W.O. Smith CR 4 Shirley W. Delong Technician 1 - Term D.L. Lyon Asst. Tech. 3 - Term J. Branch (April 1-Nov. 29) Asst. Tech. 3- Term C.K. Sansom (to Jan. 31)

INVERTEBRATES

Scientist 4 D.G. Wilder, Ph.D. Scientist 4 J.C. Medcof, Ph.D. Scientist 3 D.J. Scarratt, Ph.D. Scientist 2 D.E. Aiken, Ph.D. Scientist 2 J.F. Caddy, Ph.D. Scientist 2 J. Watson, Ph.D. Technician 3 R.C. Murray Technician 2 R.A. Chandler, B.A. Technician 2 D.E. Graham Technician 2 U.J. Walsh Technician 1 Esther I. Lord Technician 1 A.J. Wilson Technician 2- Term R.J. Meldrum (May 16-Dec. 31) Student Myrtle C. Bateman, B.Sc. (May 21-Nov. 29) Student A.F. Kenney (May 21-Sept. 6) Student H.M. McSheffrey, B.Sc. (May 21-Sept. 20) Student S.D. Thompson, B.Sc. (from Sept. 16) Student D.A. Welsh, B.Sc. (May 10-Sept. 9)

PELAGIC

Scientist 4 Scientist 2 Scientist 2

Scientist 2 Technician 2 Technician 2 Technician 2 Technician 2 Technician 2 Asst. Tech. 3 Asst. Tech. 3 Technician 2 -Student Student Student Student

S.N. Tibbo, M.A. B.E. Barrett, Ph.D. J.S. Beckett, M.A. (educational leave to March 31

and from Nov. 22) S.N. Messieh, Dip. H.S. {Oceanog.) C.A. Dickson A.W. Holt {to July 5) D.S. Miller, B.A. C.F. Monaghan D.S. Younker, B.Sc. (from July 8) Cariene D. Burnett W.H. Dougherty

Term J . P. Bertram , B . S c . (to J u 1 y 2 9 ) Elizabeth M. Bulleid, B.Sc. (May 9-Sept. 5) J.A. Paterson (May 13-Sept. 12) W.S. Price (May 17-Sept. 16) R.N. Stevenson, B.Sc. (May 13-Sept. 12)

Pelagic port contact for statistics collection and sampling.

Technician 3 E.G. Sollows

POLLUTION

Scientist 3 Scientist 3 Scientist 2 Technician 4 Technician 3 Asst. Tech. 1 Student Student Student

PHYSIOLOGY

Scientist 3 Technician 3 Student

- 6 -

J.B. Sprague, Ph.D. (sabbatical V. Zitko, C.S.C. (from June 3) W.K.T. Besch, Ph.D. W.V. Carson, B.Sc. W.G. Carson

leave from Aug. 26)

R.J. McNabb Ruth L. Cantin W.P. Vass (May S.D. Thompson,

(May 13-Sept. 12) 17-Sept. 16) B.Sc. (May 13-Sept. 15)

R.L. Saunders, Ph.D. (sabbatical leave to Sept. 3) E.B. Henderson C.R. MacKenzie, B.Sc. (April 29-Aug. 28)

DATA PROCESSING AND STATJSTICAL SERVICES

Scientist 2 DA 4 DA 1 Scientist 3 DA 1 - Term

A. Sreedharan, M.S. G.E. Fawkes Thora L. Dempsey (to Oct. 31)

Term W.R. Knight, Ph.D. (June 1-Aug. 31) A. Theresa Donahue (from Dec. 4)

LIBRARY SERVICES

Librarian 3 CR 4 CR 1 - Term

ADMINISTRATION

B. Gail Monteith, B.A., B.L.Sc. (from July 15) M. Beryl Stinson Ruth Y. Kearns (April 16-30)

W.J. Ross, M.Sc. As 6 AS 3 AS 3 PE 3 FI 1 PG 1

(B & G Supervisor) H.Y. Brownrigg A. Pedersen (Jan. 15-Mar. S. R. Wyman , B.A.

29)

D.A. Wood R.A. Silliker

- 7 -

ST 4 ST 4

Clerical and Stenographic

Frances J. Armstrong (to June 28) R. Marion Haley

ST 4 Madelyn M. Irwin ST 4 Therese M. Parker ST 4 ST 4

Sandra H.M. Rushton (from June 24) M. Barbara Stickney

ST 2 ST 1 ST 1 CR 4 CR 3 CR 3 CR 2 Storeman 1 CR 1 - Term

Dorothy M. Fawkes Joanne M. Maxwell (to may 31) Marie J. Rudd (from May 29) C. Ruth Garnett Charlotte A. Gibson Myrna H. McConvey Dorothy M. Mclaughlin G.F. Wentworth D.E. Marshall (from April 1)

Laboratory Services

F.E. Purton Technician 2 Student - Term Jean M . Hughes , B • Ed . (May 1 3- Sept. 1 2)

Maint. Super. Maint. Cr-aft. Maint. Craft. Maint. Craft. Maint. Craft. Caretaker 3 Caretaker 3 Caretaker 3 Lab Helper -

Technician 3 Technician 1

1 1 1 1 1

Term

Maintenance Services

F.M. Langley P.M. Green J . F. Johnson F.G. Lord H . C . Small (from April 1) H • E . Lee D.A. Stinson c. E. Teakles A.D. Dickson (from April

Photographic Services

P.W.G. McMullan F.B. Cunningham

M.V. HARENGUS

Captain E.H. Benham Chief Engineer J.E. MacDougall Second Engineer S. Evans

8)

Mate E.A. Mason (to April 5) Mate J.J. Dominix (from April 15) Boatswain E.B. Fevens Cook-Steward M.A. Haskins Twinehand M. Antle Twinehand F.G. Lewis Twinehand T. Richard Second Engineer- Term W.T. Burke {June 19-July Twinehand - Term L. Dominix (Sept. 4-0ct. 22) Twinehand - Term G.H. Morrison {July 25-Aug. 9)

12)

Tech. 1 (Capt.) Deckhand

- 8 -

M.B. MALLOTUS

C.S. Tucker F.R. Johnson

M.B. PANDALUS II

Captain P.T. Ossinger Engineer - Term A.D. Roberts (April 17-0ct. 23) Cook-Deckhand - Term A.W. MacDonald (April 17-0ct. 24)

Captain First Mate Second Mate Chief Engineer Second Engineer Second Engineer Second Engineer Third Engineer Boatswain Oiler Twinehand Twinehand Twinehand Twinehand Cook Steward Steward Steward Twinehand - Term Twinehand - Term

C.G.S. E.E. PRINCE

W.V. Matthews S. Morash W.E. Manuel H. Yarn R. Savoury (to May 31) R. Doll imount (May 9-July 24) M.S. McCully (from July 24) T.P. Vallis G.A. Stone L.V. Richard F.E. Mcinnis A. Martin E.B. Morash W. Symes G.A. Fougere E.J. Frampton (to Feb. 16) A. Nickerson (Feb. 14-May 10) E.N. Fougere (from May 9) C. Martin (July 3-0ct. 2) W.C. Publicover (July 3-0ct. 1)

APPENDIX IV

SEMINARS BY INVITED SCIENTISTS, 1968

Dr. D. INGLE, Psychiatry Service, Boston City Hospital, January 10, The fish's peraeption of spaae and form.

Dr. A. SUTTERLIN, Post-Doctoral Fellow at C.L. Prosser's Laboratory, University of Illinois, February 14, ELeatriaaZ properties of the optia teatum of the goZdfish.

Dr. K.C. FISHER, University of Toronto, February 22, An outLine of the survey of basia bioZogiaaZ researah [in Canada].

Dr. D. M0LLER, Sea Research Institute, Bergen, February 23, Differentiating popuZations of aod.

Dr. B. CARLIN, Salmon Research Institute, Sundsvall, Sweden, February 23, UtiZization of hatahery reared saZmon in Sweden as shown by tagging studies.

Dr. J. ATEMA, Post-Doctoral Fellow at the School of Natural Resources, Ann Arbor, Mich., March 1, The ampreZZae of Lorenzini and the ZateraL Line in fishes.

Or. J.E. BARDACH, School of Natural Resources, Ann Arbor, was here March 13 to deliver a seminar on selected aspects of fishes' chemical senses and behaviour.

Dr. B.A. HAZLETT, University of Michigan, April 11, The anaZysis of aommuniaation in hermit arabs.

Dr. M.J. DUNBAR, Marine Sciences Centre, McGill, May 16, Marine biogeography~ evoZution~ and the GuZf of St. Lawrenae.

Dr. W.E. RICKER, Nanaimo, July 2, The roZe of fisheries in worZd food produation.

Or. K.B. 00VING, University of Oslo and a Yale University Post-Doctoral Fellow, July 16, FunationaL aspeats of the oLfaatory system in fish.

Or. R.A. LIVERSAGE, Toronto, July 19, Pituitary physioZogy in reZation to regeneration in FunduLus.

Dr. V. PASZTOR, McGill, July 24, The neurophysioZogy of respiration in arustaaeans.

Or. H.L. ATWOOD, Toronto, August 23, Presynaptia inhibition in arustaaeans.

Dr. J. MACHIN, Toronto, August 30, Water reguZation in the bZoodworms~ GZyaera.

- 2 -

Dr. Co ALBERS, Max Planck Institut, Bad Nauheim, Germany, September 5, Transport of co 2 in the dogfish.

Dr. J. PIIPER, Max Planck Institut, Gottingen, Germany, September 6, reviewed his work at Naples on acid base balance in dogfish.

Dr. E. DENTON, Marine Biological Association, Plymouth, U.K., September 10, spoke on the biophysics and physiology of silvering in fishes.

Dr. A.M. ZIMMERMAN, University of Toronto, October 10, Cell division: Effeats of high pressure.

Oro J.B. LEWIS, Director, Bellairs Research Institute, October 29, described the facilities available through McGill, and the fisheries, geology, ecology, and fauna of the Barbados area. ·

Dr. F.S. ABBOTT, Sir George Williams University, Montreal, December 17, The meahanism of aolour ahange in Fundulus.