fish, amphibians and reptiles. phylum: chordate – all have spinal cords subphylum: vertebrates –...
TRANSCRIPT
Phylum: Chordate – all have spinal cords
• Subphylum: Vertebrates – all have a spinal cord held within a bony spinal back bone
• Classes are: Jawless Cartilage, and Bony Fish
Fish characteristics – all fish have these:All fish have notochords
(they are used for support but are eventually replaced by back bones)
• All have nerve cords• All have two chamber
hearts.• All live in the water, are
aquatic. Except mudskippers! And more mudskippers.
• All are cold blooded
Exterior view
Click on heart to see HUMAN heart circulation
Interior View
Jawless Fish• No Jaw – use suction cups
to eat
• No paired fins
• No Scales
• Endoskeleton is all cartilage
• Has a notochord for all its life
• Examples: Hagfish and lamprey
Cartilage Fish
• Endoskeleton is all cartilage
• First fish type to have jaws, scales and paired fins
Manta Ray – video – click on picture
Shark video
Sharks• Have rows of teeth• Most are meat eaters• Keen sense of smell
Rays• Large paired fins extend
on body sides like wings• Live near the ocean floor• Feed on small fish,
mollusks, and crustaceans, and croc hunters
Boney Fish• Largest class of fish• Huge variety• Scales and paired fish• Both fresh and salt water• Gills have gill covers to
increase water flow• Lateral line – detects vibrations• Nostrils – odor sensitive/better
than sight• Air bladder – (swim bladder)
regulated swim depth• Tail called caudal fin
Fish reproduce by spawning• Usually external fertilization
Blue gill spawning bed
Boney Fish Gallery• Creatures of the Deep
• Seahorse
• African Cichlids
Trout
Clown Fish
Small mouth bass Blue Marlin
Fabulous Fish Videos
Amphibians (Class)
Breathing– Use their thin, moist skin to breathe in water
or land too– Also use simple lungs to breathe on land
Hibernate in Winter• Frogs hibernate in the Winter
• Frogs estivate in the Summer
• Frogs are COLD blooded!!
General CharacteristicsEctotherms (cold blooded)
Lay water-tight, leathery eggs on land or give
birth to live young
Internal fertilization
General Characteristics, con’t– No metamorphosis– Breathe with lungs entire life– Three chambered heart
– Most have four legs (except snakes)– Most have claws – to dig, climb and run– Scales prevent drying out and injuries
Snake Characteristicshave no ears (tympanic membrane instead)
use tongues for “smelling”
tongue picks up chemicals from the air and
transfers them to a sensing organ (Jacobs
organ) in the roof of the mouth
Pit vipers and some pythons, have heat-sensitive pits on their face
Some snakes inject venom into the prey through hollow fangs
Largest - Anaconda Most poisonous in world – sea snake
Most poisonous in U.S. – coral snake
Flying SNAKES!!!
Characteristics– eat any type of animal or can
canabalize also
– can live for up to 100 years
– called last living dinosaur
– temperature of egg, determines the sex of offspring
– lay about 50 eggs
•alligators may have 80 teeth and average 6 to 14 feet but may get up to19 ft long•swallow prey hole•Crocodiles can reach 6 meters often•crocodiles have survived for over 200 million years•crocks have narrower snout than alligator
•crocks can stay under water for up to 2 hours•most live in shallow water•only reptile with a 4 chambered heart
Here's what a crocodile heart looks like. Look at all that plumbing! It has a few features that we don't have, that I'll get to in a moment, and that are special adaptations for the
life of an ectothermic, diving ambush predator.
•use beak to feed•endangered due to soups and jewelry•eat worms, fish and insects, some are also herbivores•some can completely hide inside their shells