First Aid Review

First Aid Review

77.1702

(a) Each operator of a surface coal mine shall make arrangements with a licensed physician, medical service, medical clinic, or hospital to provide 24-hour emergency medical assistance for any person injured at the mine.

(b) Each operator shall make arrangements with an ambulance service, or otherwise provide for 24-hour emergency transportation for any person injured at the mine.

Definition:• The immediate care given to a person who is

injured or ill.Principle goals:

• Ensure the safety of rescuer and patient.• Identify the causes of injury.• Stabilize the neck and care for life

threatening injuries.• Arrange for transportation.• Continue patient assessment

First Aid Review

First AidScene Safety

• Make sure the area is safe– What caused the injury or

accident?

• Ensure Personal Safety – Protect yourself with gloves,

masks, before you act.

– You wouldn’t work with toxic chemical without the proper protection would you?

First AidPatient Assessment

• Primary Survey– ABC’s and severe bleeding

– Life Threatening conditions

• Secondary Survey– DE

– Thorough Head to toe “hands on” examination for wounds, burns, musculoskeletal injuries and anything else that will require treatment.

First AidPatient Assessment

• A (Airway)

– Assess for unresponsiveness

– Open the Airway (Head tilt-Chin lift)

• B (Breathing)

– Look, Listen and Feel for Breathing

– If not breathing, give two normal breaths

• C (Circulation)

– Check Pulse at Carotid Artery (5-10 seconds)

– If no pulse, start chest compressions

First AidPatient Assessment

• D– Assess for Deformity

– Hands on; Head to toe Examination for all other injuries and conditions that will require treatment

• E– Expose

– If you can’t see it, you can’t treat it

First AidCPR and Rescue Breathing

• ABC’s• Ratio

– 30 compressions to 2 breaths

– 1 breath every 5 seconds

• Rate– Hard and Fast

– 12 breaths per minute

First AidControl of Bleeding

• Direct Pressure– 95%

• Elevation– 97%

• Pressure Points– 99%

• Tourniquet– Last resort 1%

First AidBurns

• Degree– First (Superficial)

– Second (Partial Thickness)

– Third (Full Thickness)

• Treatment– Remove heat

– Prevent contamination

– Over Bandage; loosely

First AidMusculoskeletal Injuries

• Splinting– Immobilize the joint above and the

joint below– When in doubt, SPLINT

• Elevate• Apply cold compresses• Do we ever want to attempt to "straighten

out a broken bone or fracture?

First AidShock

• Treat for Shock on all patients from the beginning.

• Shock can kill, even though the injuries wouldn’t.

• Be calm and reassuring• Keep the patient warm• Elevate feet, if no back or head

injuries.

Definition:• The immediate care given to

a person who is injured or ill.Principle goals:

• Ensure the safety of rescuer and patient.

• Identify the causes of injury.• Stabilize the neck and care

for life threatening injuries.• Arrange for transportation.• Continue patient assessment

First Aid Review

First AidScene Safety

• Make sure the area is safe

– What caused the injury or accident?

• Ensure Personal Safety

– Protect yourself with gloves, masks, before you act.

– You wouldn’t work with toxic chemical without the proper protection would you?

First AidPatient Assessment

• Primary Survey

– ABC’s and severe bleeding

– Life Threatening conditions

• Secondary Survey

– DE

– Thorough Head to toe “hands on” examination for wounds, burns, musculoskeletal injuries and anything else that will require treatment.

First AidPatient Assessment

• A– Assess for unresponsiveness

– Open the Airway (Head tilt-Chin lift)

• B– Look, Listen and Feel for Breathing

– If not breathing, give two normal breaths

• C– Check Pulse at Carotid Artery (5-10 seconds)

– If no pulse, start chest compressions

First AidPatient Assessment

• D– Assess for Deformity– Hands on; Head to toe Examination for all other

injuries and conditions that will require treatment

• E– Expose– If you can’t see it, you can’t treat it

First AidCPR and Rescue Breathing

• ABC’s• Ratio

– 30 compressions to 2 breaths– 1 breath every 5 seconds

• Rate– Hard and Fast– 12 breaths per minute

First AidControl of Bleeding

• Direct Pressure– 95%

• Elevation– 97%

• Pressure Points– 99%

• Tourniquet– Last resort

First AidBurns

• Degree– First (Superficial)– Second (Partial Thickness)– Third (Full Thickness)

• Treatment– Remove heat– Prevent contamination– Over Bandage; loosely

First AidMusculoskeletal Injuries

• Splint– Immobilize the joint above

and the joint below– When in doubt, SPLINT

• Elevate• Apply cold compresses

First AidShock

• Treat for Shock on all patients from the beginning.

• Shock can kill, even though the injuries wouldn’t.

• Be calm and reassuring• Keep the patient warm• Elevate feet, if no back or head

injuries.