first aid for swing aid for...problems poor, ugly or horrible ui swing is difficult to learn...
TRANSCRIPT
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Karsten Lentzsch • JGoodies
First Aid for Swing
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It's easy to program Swing ...
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It's easy to program Swing badly.
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Learn how to quickly improve the appearance of your applications
Goal
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AgendaIntroductionDon'tsDosGallery
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AgendaIntroductionDon'tsDosGallery
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Problems● Poor, ugly or horrible UI● Swing is difficult to learn● Tutorials, books show poor design● Good design is difficult to implement● Hard to find good source examples
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TargetThe “average” desktop project:● No training● No time● No UI budget● Customers don't pay for good design
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Focus● Good design you can do● Things you can improve quickly● Form-oriented design● Compete with native apps● More design fun
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Principles● Small changes can break the design ● Small things add up● Attention to content, not the design● Change only what you understand!
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AgendaIntroductionDon'tsDosGallery
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Colors● Do not add colors to the desktop● Do not add colors to the Swing L&F● Avoid heavily saturated colors
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Fonts● Use native fonts● Use native sizes● Use native weight (normal vs. bold)● Use native raster type
(pixel, anti-aliased, subpixel-AA)
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Icons● Use icons that work well with the
OS, w.r.t. design, size, color scheme● Consistent icon set● Remove questionable icons
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AgendaIntroductionDon'tsDosGallery
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Clutter● Remove clutter and visual noise● Remove duplicate borders● Favor separators over (titled) borders● Write short texts
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Design Essence● Does it add information?● Check every: pixel, line, border● Remove unnecessary:
components, panels, dialogs
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Critical Components ● Avoid nested borders● JSplitPane● JScrollPane● BevelBorders● EtchedBorders● TitledBorders
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TitledBorder ● Often has 3 unnecessary lines● Difficult to align● Difficult to align its content
● Favor separators over TitledBorders● Don't nest TitledBorders
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White Space● White space is not wasted space● It's a powerful tool for design
● Isolate and separate groups● Wrap components with white space● Favor white space over separators
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Alignment● Align component bounds● Consider using a grid and grid system
Difficult:● Align fonts along the baseline● Align component bounds and the
baseline
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Poor Micro Design● Inconsistent component sizes● Inconsistent component insets● Font baselines not aligned, or
component bounds● Poor or wrong pseudo 3D effects
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.Net 2.0
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Java (baselines aligned with Matisse)
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Group and Relate● Learn to group● Make similar content equally wide● Make similar content equally high● But again: avoid the TitledBorder
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Balance● Perceived axes and visual weight● Find the optical balance point● Consider to center a single view● Consider to use symmetry
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Consistency● Button sizes, order, gaps● Dialogs, panels, button bars● L&F micro design● Icons● Fonts
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Meta Design● Goal: get consistency quickly● Coarse grained: dialog layout● Fine grained: sizes, gaps
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Aspect Ratio● Stable aspect ratios:
● 5:3● 16:9● 4:3● 1:1
● Use a few aspect ratios
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Unstable Stable
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Resolution Independence
● Scale with font and resolution (dpi)● Layout does not retain proportions
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Flexibility● Use static design where possible● Add flexibility where necessary● Static, splitted, multi-splitted, docking,
windows
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Contrast● Equalize contrasts● Add white space where necessary● Avoid large dark areas● Use large white panels judiciously
(otherwise the user gets tired)
● Learn the squint test
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Spicing Up● Until now we've only reduced the UI● Now you can carefully add
● Color● Advanced typography● Images● Animation
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Powerful JFC● Advanced graphics operations ● Translucency● Glass pane● Pluggable look and feel● Enables high-level abstractions
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AgendaIntroductionDon'tsDosGallery
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Summary● Use appropriate fonts, colors, icons● Remove clutter● Reduce to its essence● Align, group, relate, balance● Be consistent
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Libraries● JGoodies Looks - looks.dev.java.net● JGoodies Forms - forms.dev.java.net● Sun's Swinglabs/Swingx
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Icons● Tango icons - www.tango-project.org● Eclipse icons - www.eclipse.org
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Books● Scott Delap: Desktop Java Live● Mullet & Sano: Designing Visual Interfaces● Jeff Johnson: GUI Bloopers
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More Information● Mac Aqua Guide● Vista UX Guide● JGoodies Articles -
www.JGoodies.com/articles
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Questions & Answers
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Karsten Lentzsch • JGoodies
First Aid for Swing