FENLAND FIRE DUCT

Galloway GroupFIRE RATED VENTILATION DUCTWORK SYSTEMS

All fire resistant ductwork must be tested to BS476 part:24, or the appropriate National Standard by a recognised NAMAS/UKAS Accredited Laboratory.

The Building Regulationsrequire that to limit thespread of Fire all newbuildings should be sub-divided into separateFire Compartments.Obviously this sub-divisioncan have potential areas ofweakness, namely Doors,Windows, ServicePenetrations and particularlyVentilation ducts which caneasily assist in the spread offire.

British Standard BS5588Part 9 sets out 3 methodsof Fire protection forVentilation ductwork.

Method 1: The Use of FireDampers – Fire is isolatedin the compartment oforigin by the automaticactuation of Fire Damperswithin the ductwork system; As this method blocks thepassage of air this is notacceptable whereventilation requires to bemaintained, or where theuse of Fire Dampers is notpermitted. (i.e. SmokeExtracts, Car Park Extracts,Kitchen Extract &Pressurisation Systems.)It should also be noted thatwherever a ventilation ductcrosses an escape routewithout serving that area, aswell as the use of FireDampers, this duct must beprotected to method 2, ormethod 3.

Method 2: ProtectiveEnclosures – A servicesshaft is constructed throughwhich the ventilationductwork passes, if thisenclosure is constructed tothe highest standard of fireresistance of the structurethrough which it penetrates,it forms a compartmentknown as a protected shaft.Fire dampers require to beinstalled where ventilationductwork enters or exitsthis shaft.However if there is only oneduct and no other serviceswithin the shaft between thefire compartment and theoutside of the building, thenno fire dampers will berequired.

Method 3: Fire ResistingDuctwork – The ductworkitself forms a protectedshaft, the fire resistancemay be achieved by theductwork material itself, orby the application of aprotective material,providing that the protectedduct is constructed to thestandard by which theproduct was originallytested and certified.The fire resistance of theductwork when tested fromeither side, should not beless than the fire resistancerequired for the elements ofconstruction in thearea/compartment throughwhich it passes.

From our roots in sheet metal work, the Galloway Group have been at the forefront of the ductwork industry for decades. We have continuallyexpanded and diversified, but our aim remains the same: to provide ourcustomers with the best products and services available.

Throughout this time the Galloway Group have utilised various forms of FireResistant ductwork, but since its development in 1999, the Fenland systemhas proved to be the right product for the job and the Galloway Group areproud to incorporate it within our ever growing product portfolio.ate areproud to incorporate it within our ever growing product portfolio.

Building Regulations

Approximately 85% of deaths in fire situations are caused by smoke inhalation. Non-fire resisting ductwork systems can beresponsible for allowing the initial spread of fire between compartments,and by allowing the rapid spread of smoke and decomposition products.The correct use of fire resistant ductwork will maintain fire compartmentationand assist in the safe dispersal of smoke and hazardous fumes.

Galloway GroupFIRE RATED VENTILATION DUCTWORK SYSTEMS

AdjacentCompartment

Duct Resists FirePenetration From

Inside

Fire OutbreakCompartment

Duct Opening

TYPE B DUCT (fire inside)

Up to 3hours -Stability, integrityand 2hoursInsulation.

Typical for KitchenExtract, SmokeExtract and otherFire RatedSystems.

Fire OutbreakCompartment

Duct Resists FirePenetration From

Outside

Adjacent Compartment

Duct Opening

TYPE A DUCT (fire outside)

Up to 4hours -Stability, integrityand Insulation.

Typical for EscapeLobby Ventilationand StaircasePressurisationSystems.

The Fenland Fire Duct System is an augmented ductworkconstruction utilising the latest manufacturing techniques towhich an intumescent coating is factory applied.

As the coating is spray applied, this allows the ductworksystem to be manufactured in any cross sectional shape tosuit the application, producing a flanged single skin Fire RatedDuctwork system giving Stability and Integrity of up to 4hours. This provides wipe clean surfaces both internally andexternally and can be delivered to site in manageablesections for ease of assembly.

Manufacturing in this manner gives total flexibility over thedesign of the system, and allows the externally appliedinsulation requirements to be fine-tuned to meet the variedrequirements of each particular type of Fire rated ductworksystem.

The Fenland Fire Duct System complies with the requirementsof Method 3 of BS 5588 part 9: 1989, and has been fullytested in accordance with BS 476 part 24: 1987 (ISO 6944:1985).

The Fenland Fire Duct System has been assessed by the BRECentre for Fire Resistance (formerly the Loss PreventionCouncil) as being suitable for use as,“a Fire Rated Ventilation Duct, a Smoke Extract/OutletDuct or a Kitchen Extract Duct.”

Fire Resisting Ventilation Duct: A duct or ductwork systemused for the distribution, or extraction of air, designed andtested to satisfy the criteria of test defined in British StandardBS476 part 24:1987 (ISO 6944:1985), (Duct Type A & Duct Type B).

Smoke Extract/Outlet Duct: A duct or ductwork system usedfor the extraction of products of combustion, designed andtested to satisfy the criteria of test defined in British StandardBS476 part 24:1987 (ISO 6944:1985), (Duct Type B).Additionally this duct must prove by test that within the firecompartment, its cross sectional area is maintained above75% when subjected to the full fire temperature.

Kitchen Extract Duct: A duct or ductwork system that isentirely independent of any other duct or ductwork systemwithin a building, which serves as an extract for non-domestickitchens (BS5588 part 9:1999 clause 6.4.6.2 refers).Designed and tested to satisfy the criteria of test defined inBritish Standard BS476 part 24:1987 (ISO 6944:1985), (Duct Type A & Duct Type B).Note; Testing of both types A & B are equally important, asdue to the likelihood of combustible deposits within the ductit is necessary to protect both the duct and the adjacentcompartment from ignition due to radiated heat.

In accordance with BS 476 Part 24 : 1987 the fire resistanceof ventilation ductwork shall be expressed in minutes ofduration of heating in accordance with the ISO 834 : 1985(Cellulosic - Standard Time/Temperature Curve) until failureoccurs to one or more of the following criteria – Stability / Integrity / Insulation

Stability: Stability failure shall be deemed to have occurred induct A within the furnace and in ducts A and B outside thefurnace when the duct no longer fulfils its intended function.(For smoke outlet ducts stability failure will also be deemed tohave occurred when there is any restriction of the cross-sectional area of the duct to 75% or less of its original area)

Integrity: The presence and formation of any cracks, holes orother openings outside the furnace through which flames orhot gases can pass.

Insulation: Insulation failure shall be deemed to haveoccurred when the temperature rise above initial ambient onthe unexposed surface of the duct outside the furnaceexceeds either:

• 140 °C as an average value above ambientor• 180 °C as a maximum value above ambient

For a Kitchen extract duct (Type A) these temperature limitsalso apply to the inside surface of the duct within the furnace.

In addition to testing to BS476 Part 24, further independentfurnace testing has been carried out in accordance with BS7346 to simulate smoke extract temperatures of between250 °C and 600 °C. The results allow us to tailor theinsulation requirement for smoke extract systems where thegas/fume temperature is known.

Cellulosic - Standard Time/Temperature Curve

T= 345Log 10 (8t+1) +20

T= Average Furnace Temp (°C)t= Time in Minutes

No Fire Penetration or Transfer

The Right System

In order that the Galloway Group can correctly tender the Fire Resistant ductwork system to meet your requirementsthere are various factors which require to be carefullyconsidered and defined.

Any specification should therefore;• Define the type of system ie (Smoke Extract / KitchenExtract / Ventilation / Pressurisation).• Determine whether the system is Duct type A (fire outside),or Duct type B (fire inside), or whether the requirement is forfire both inside and outside.• Stipulate the required Fire Rating in minutes, in accordancewith BS476 part 24 1987, for each of the following criteriaStability:Integrity:Insulation:These criteria will be determined by the design of the structure, for which guidance can be sought from the following publications;Scotland: The Building Standards (Scotland) Regulations,

Technical Standards Parts D and E.England & Wales: The Building Regulations, Approved

Document B (Fire Safety).Northern Ireland: The Building Regulations (Northern Ireland),

Technical Booklet E.

Dependent on the route and type of system, it may bepossible to refine the Insulation requirement to preventunnecessary over application. This is particularly true onsmoke extract systems where a lesser thickness of insulationmay be required to suit smoke temperatures, instead of fullthickness insulation to suit fire temperatures.

It is the Design Teams’ responsibility to ensure that thecorrect system and criteria are selected to comply with therecommendations of the local regulatory authority.

Example Specification

The Smoke Extract ductwork should be constructed in accordancewith the Fenland specification for Fire Resistant ductwork, to provide120 Minutes Stability, 120 Minutes Integrity and 120 MinutesInsulation (or 120 Minutes fire Insulation to suit a smoke temperatureof 300 °C) when tested to the requirements of BS476 part 24 : 1987by a recognised NAMAS/UKAS Accredited laboratory.

The ductwork systems should be manufactured and installed inaccordance with BS5588 part 9 : 1999, and be capable of providingtype B fire containment.Under normal non-fire operating conditions the ductwork shouldconform to the class C pressure/leakage classification of the currentHVCA DW/144 specification for sheet metal ductwork.

Right First Time

The Galloway Group is committed toproviding a quality product, on time with zero snags. Quality Accreditation to ISO 9002 is one method of control, but this achievement can only be maintained by the commitment of our greateststrength, our trained workforce.

FIRAS

To further enhance our commitment and abilities the Galloway Group are pleased to have gained accreditation withFIRAS (an independent accreditation and training scheme runby Warrington Fire Research for the installers of passive fireprotection products), and a number of our personnel haveundertaken Operator, or Supervisor training.

FIRAS provides the Client with theassurance that the Fire Duct installationhas been carried out by knowledgeableand competent Operators andSupervisors, and that the system will

perform as anticipated.

The FIRAS scheme has beendeveloped with the support of a number of tradeassociations, including theHeating and VentilatingContractors Association, as aresult of this FIRAS trainingcourses reflect best industrypractice coupled with WarringtonFire Research Certificationtechnical expertise.As a FIRAS trained andaccredited company, uponcompletion of a project, TheGalloway Group are authorisedto issue a Nationally recognised FIRAS Certificate ofConformity. This document signifies the satisfactorycompletion of the project within FIRAS requirements, and tothe specification.

Serving Your Needs Nationwide

Wherever the need for Fire Resistant Ductwork arises, the Galloway Group are on your doorstep. From our locationsin Dundee, Dewsbury, Haverhill and Richmond, we have thefacilities and personnel to serve your needs.

The Galloway Group have highly experienced Managementteams, Supervisors and Operators who are all trained in thecomplexities of Fire Resistant Ductwork. Whether your need is for 1 linear metre, or 10,000 linear metres of Fire ResistantDuctwork. Whatever your requirements, The Galloway Grouphave the correct solution, if in doubt ASK.

Project Portfolio

AMC CinemasAstra PharmaceuticalsAtlantic House - LondonBritish Home StoresBurger KingCentre for LifeCity Inn WestminsterColt CommunicationsEastgate Shopping CentreEdinburgh Royal InfirmaryGlasgow Royal InfirmaryGreenside Leisure DevelopmentGreenside Office DevelopmentGrosvenor CasinosGSK House (Project Bridge)Haimyres HospitalHarry RamsdensHolmes Place LeisureKingsgate Shopping CentreMorrison St Office DevlopmentNandos RestaurantNew Norfolk & Norwich HospitalNewcastle AirportNokia CommunicationsPaddington CentralPaddington ResidentialPeterborough CourtPrincess Margaret HospitalProject SaviourRoyal College of NursingSandown ParkSouth Tees Acute HospitalSt Malachys School - BelfastThe Gate - NewcastleThe Lanes - CarlisleThe Lowry CentreWarner CinemasWhitehall Square - BelfastWoolgate Exchange

Galloway Group

GSK House

Edinburgh Royal Infirmary

Holmes Place Leisure

British Home Stores Burger King