fire – climate relations in the western sierra nevada tom swetnam & chris baisan
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Fire – Climate Relations in the Western Sierra Nevada Tom Swetnam & Chris Baisan](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649e435503460f94b35d7b/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Fire – Climate Relations in the Western Sierra Nevada
Tom Swetnam & Chris Baisan
![Page 2: Fire – Climate Relations in the Western Sierra Nevada Tom Swetnam & Chris Baisan](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649e435503460f94b35d7b/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Colony Mill, Giant Forest
Tree sampled for fire history in 1992Open pine stand
![Page 3: Fire – Climate Relations in the Western Sierra Nevada Tom Swetnam & Chris Baisan](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649e435503460f94b35d7b/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
![Page 4: Fire – Climate Relations in the Western Sierra Nevada Tom Swetnam & Chris Baisan](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649e435503460f94b35d7b/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Giant Forest plots
![Page 5: Fire – Climate Relations in the Western Sierra Nevada Tom Swetnam & Chris Baisan](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649e435503460f94b35d7b/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Vegetation, species composition plot data:
Compare pre-settlement compositionestimates with current stand composition.
Relate pre (and post) settlement compositionwith fire regime characteristics among and betweenplots, sites, and transects.
High variability in forest composition between plots
Estimates of b.a. increase from pre-settlement conditionvaried from 0 to 100%. Average increase ~50%.
Giant sequoia fire record in the Circle Meadow areanow extended back prior to ~600BC with some replication.
![Page 6: Fire – Climate Relations in the Western Sierra Nevada Tom Swetnam & Chris Baisan](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649e435503460f94b35d7b/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
CEMO (0.15%)
CADE (42.46%)
PIPO (22.69%)PSME (2.48%)
QUCH (12.38%)QUKE (19.84%)
HEL Post83m2/ha
CEMO (0.25%)CADE (15.32%)
PIPO (27.77%)
PSME (2.25%)QUCH (20.90%)
QUKE (33.50%)
HEL Pre49.1m2/ha
Helispot fire history site
Elevation 1350m MFI ~6yrs
Plot species composition
![Page 7: Fire – Climate Relations in the Western Sierra Nevada Tom Swetnam & Chris Baisan](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649e435503460f94b35d7b/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
-1600 -1400 -1200 -1000 -800 -600 -400 -200 0 200 400
CCW 01
CCW 02
CCW 03
CCW 04
CCW 05
LIN 01
CM N 07
CM C 08
CM C 03
G ia nt Fo re st fire -sc a rre d tre e s
![Page 8: Fire – Climate Relations in the Western Sierra Nevada Tom Swetnam & Chris Baisan](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649e435503460f94b35d7b/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
1
3
4
1. East Cascades, 2 watersheds, 723 trees, Everett et al. 1999, For. Ecol. & Manage., In press.
2. Blue Mountains, 4 watersheds, 628 trees, Heyerdahl 1998 PhD diss., Univ. Wash.
3. West Slope Sierra Nevada, 4 elevational transects, 49 sites, 446 trees, Swetnam & Baisan, In Press.
4. Southwestern US, 63 sites, 1,215 trees, Swetnam and Baisan 1996, USFS RM-GTR-286:11-32.
2
Four Fire-Scar Networks in Western U.S
![Page 9: Fire – Climate Relations in the Western Sierra Nevada Tom Swetnam & Chris Baisan](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649e435503460f94b35d7b/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
![Page 10: Fire – Climate Relations in the Western Sierra Nevada Tom Swetnam & Chris Baisan](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649e435503460f94b35d7b/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
![Page 11: Fire – Climate Relations in the Western Sierra Nevada Tom Swetnam & Chris Baisan](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649e435503460f94b35d7b/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Paleo-Fire History Databases – in construction
![Page 12: Fire – Climate Relations in the Western Sierra Nevada Tom Swetnam & Chris Baisan](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649e435503460f94b35d7b/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
A. L. Westerling, T. J. Brown, A. Gershunov, D. R. Cayan, and M. D. Dettinger. Long lead statistical forecasts of area burned in western U.S. wildfires by ecosystem province. International Journal of Wildland Fire 11:257-266. 2002
![Page 13: Fire – Climate Relations in the Western Sierra Nevada Tom Swetnam & Chris Baisan](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649e435503460f94b35d7b/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Year
1860 1880 1900 1920 1940 1960 1980-2
0
2
4
6
1700 1720 1740 1760 1780 1800 1820 1840
Sta
ndar
d D
evia
tion
Uni
ts
-2
0
2
4
6 12.3
8.2Observed AreaBurned
Statistical Reconstructionof Area Burned
Fire-Scar Reconstructionof Area Burned
![Page 14: Fire – Climate Relations in the Western Sierra Nevada Tom Swetnam & Chris Baisan](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649e435503460f94b35d7b/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Composite fire scar chronologies from 10 forest stands
In the Jemez Mountains, New Mexico
![Page 15: Fire – Climate Relations in the Western Sierra Nevada Tom Swetnam & Chris Baisan](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649e435503460f94b35d7b/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Fire-scar chronology from Santa Catalina Mountains, Arizona
![Page 16: Fire – Climate Relations in the Western Sierra Nevada Tom Swetnam & Chris Baisan](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649e435503460f94b35d7b/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Fire-scar chronology from Gila Wilderness, in Southwestern New Mexico.
Swetnam and Baisan. In press. Fire and climate history in the Sierra Nevada, California and Southwestern US, Veblen et al., Fire and Climate in the Western Americas, Springer-Verlag, Ecol. Studies Series.
![Page 17: Fire – Climate Relations in the Western Sierra Nevada Tom Swetnam & Chris Baisan](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649e435503460f94b35d7b/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Fire-scar chronology from Sierra San Pedro Martir
from Stephens, Skinner and Gill, in review.
![Page 18: Fire – Climate Relations in the Western Sierra Nevada Tom Swetnam & Chris Baisan](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649e435503460f94b35d7b/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
![Page 19: Fire – Climate Relations in the Western Sierra Nevada Tom Swetnam & Chris Baisan](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649e435503460f94b35d7b/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
![Page 20: Fire – Climate Relations in the Western Sierra Nevada Tom Swetnam & Chris Baisan](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649e435503460f94b35d7b/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Crown King, AZ August 19, 2002; Joel McMillan
![Page 21: Fire – Climate Relations in the Western Sierra Nevada Tom Swetnam & Chris Baisan](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649e435503460f94b35d7b/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
![Page 22: Fire – Climate Relations in the Western Sierra Nevada Tom Swetnam & Chris Baisan](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649e435503460f94b35d7b/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Dead and dying trees from a combination of drought stress and bark beetle attack. Area affected is now > 500,000 acres.
This may become one the largest bark beetle outbreaks in recorded history in North America.Data from USDA FS Forest Health Protection, Arizona Zone, Entomology & Pathology group.