fire 2d sketcher

Edition 05/2013

© AVL List Gmbh 2009. All right reserved

2D Sketcher

AVL FIRE® VERSION 2013.1

2D Sketcher FIRE v2013.1

AVL LIST GmbH Hans-List-Platz 1, A-8020 Graz, Austria http://www.avl.com AST Local Support Contact: http://www.avl.com/ast-worldwide

Revision Date Description Document No. A 30-Jun-2008 FIRE v2008 – CFD Tools Users Guide 08.0304.0860 B 21-Aug-2008 FIRE v2008 – CFD Tools Users Guide 08.0304.0861 C 15-Apr-2009 FIRE v2009 – CFD Tools Users Guide 08.0304.2009 D 30-Nov-2010 FIRE v2010 – CFD Tools Users Guide 08.0304.2010 E 14-Oct-2011 FIRE v2011 – CFD Tools Users Guide 08.0304.2011 F 23-Jan-2012 FIRE v2011 – CFD Tools Users Guide 08.0304.2011 G 30-Apr-2012 FIRE v2011.1 – CFD Tools Users Guide 08.0304.2011.1 H 28-Feb-2013 FIRE v2013 – 2D Sketcher 08.0304.2013 I 31-May-2013 FIRE v2013.1 – 2D Sketcher 08.0304.2013.1

Copyright © 2013, AVL

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, transmitted, transcribed, stored in a retrieval system or translated into any language or computer language, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, magnetic, optical, chemical, manual or otherwise, without prior written consent of AVL. This document describes how to run the FIRE software. It does not attempt to discuss all the concepts of computational fluid dynamics required to obtain successful solutions. It is the user’s responsibility to determine if he/she has sufficient knowledge and understanding of fluid dynamics to apply this software appropriately.

This software and document are distributed solely on an "as is" basis. The entire risk as to their quality and performance is with the user. Should either the software or this document prove defective, the user assumes the entire cost of all necessary servicing, repair, or correction. AVL and its distributors will not be liable for direct, indirect, incidental, or consequential damages resulting from any defect in the software or this document, even if they have been advised of the possibility of such damage.

FIRE® is a registered trademark of AVL LIST. FIRE® will be referred as FIRE in this manual.

All mentioned trademarks and registered trademarks are owned by the corresponding owners.

http://www.avl.com/

http://www.avl.com/ast-worldwide


AST.08.0304.2013.1 – 31-May-2013 i

Table of Contents 1. Introduction _____________________________________________________ 1-1

1.1. Symbols _____________________________________________________________________ 1-1 1.2. Configurations _______________________________________________________________ 1-1

2. 2D Sketcher _____________________________________________________ 2-1

2.1. General Description __________________________________________________________ 2-1 2.1.1. Menu ____________________________________________________________________ 2-2 2.1.2. Sketching Toolbar ________________________________________________________ 2-4 2.1.3. Sketching Canvas _________________________________________________________ 2-4 2.1.4. Mouse ___________________________________________________________________ 2-5

2.2. Sketch Explorer Panel ________________________________________________________ 2-6 2.2.1. Geometry List ____________________________________________________________ 2-6 2.2.2. Relations List ____________________________________________________________ 2-6 2.2.3. Dimensions List __________________________________________________________ 2-6

2.3. Object Properties Panel _______________________________________________________ 2-7 2.3.1. Point Properties __________________________________________________________ 2-7 2.3.2. Line Properties ___________________________________________________________ 2-7 2.3.3. Arc Properties ____________________________________________________________ 2-7 2.3.4. Dimension Properties _____________________________________________________ 2-8

2.4. Drawing Principle ____________________________________________________________ 2-8 2.4.1. Defining Basic Sketch Elements ____________________________________________ 2-8 2.4.2. Defining Relations ________________________________________________________ 2-9 2.4.3. Defining Dimensions ______________________________________________________ 2-9 2.4.4. Relations _______________________________________________________________ 2-10 2.4.5. Dimensions _____________________________________________________________ 2-11

2.5. Piston Bowl Example ________________________________________________________ 2-12

FIRE v2013.1 2D Sketcher

ii AST.08.0304.2013.1 – 31-May-2013

List of Figures Figure 2-1: 2D Sketcher Main Window ................................................................................................................... 2-1 Figure 2-2: Object Properties for the Selected Line. ............................................................................................. 2-7 Figure 2-3: Defining Basic Sketch Elements .......................................................................................................... 2-8 Figure 2-4: Defining Relations ................................................................................................................................. 2-9 Figure 2-5: Defining Dimensions ........................................................................................................................... 2-10 Figure 2-6: Geometry Parameters ......................................................................................................................... 2-12 Figure 2-7: Defining Basic Sketch Elements ........................................................................................................ 2-13 Figure 2-8: Connecting Basic Sketch Elements ................................................................................................... 2-14 Figure 2-9: Defining Relations Between Basic Sketch Elements ....................................................................... 2-15 Figure 2-10: Defining Dimensions ......................................................................................................................... 2-16


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1. INTRODUCTION This manual describes the usage of the 2D Sketcher. The 2D sketcher allows the interactive generation of sketches consisting of points, lines, arcs and the definition of constraints and dimensions. Sketches can be exported as in the standardized dxf- and in our native s2d- format. The main application of the sketcher for 8.5 is providing geometrical descriptions for ESE Diesel. ESE Diesel supports the import of both, the dxf- as well as the s2d- files. The advantage of the s2d-files is that all information contained in the file is parameterized. Therefore all dimensions of sketches that are imported into ESE Diesel can be still modified. This is of particular advantage when the user intends to perform parameter studies or optimization tasks including geometrical parameter variations.

1.1. Symbols The following symbols are used throughout this manual. Safety warnings must be strictly observed during operation and service of the system or its components.

Caution: Cautions describe conditions, practices or procedures which could result in damage to, or destruction of data if not strictly observed or remedied.

Note: Notes provide important supplementary information.

Convention Meaning

Italics For emphasis, to introduce a new term or for manual titles.

monospace To indicate a command, a program or a file name, messages, input / output on a screen, file contents or object names.

MenuOpt A MenuOpt font is used for the names of menu options, submenus and screen buttons.

1.2. Configurations Software configurations described in this manual were in effect on the publication date. It is the user’s responsibility to verify the configuration of the equipment before applying procedures.


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2. 2D SKETCHER The 2D Sketcher allows the interactive generation of sketches consisting of points, lines, arcs and the definition of constraints and dimensions. Sketches can be exported as in the standardized dxf- and in our native 2ds- format. The main application of the sketcher is to provide geometrical descriptions for ESE Diesel. ESE Diesel supports the import of both, the dxf- as well as the 2ds- files. The advantage of the 2ds-files is that all information contained in the file is parameterized. Therefore all dimensions of sketches that are imported into ESE Diesel can be still modified. This is of particular advantage when the user intends to perform parameter studies or optimization tasks including geometrical parameter variations.

2.1. General Description

Figure 2-1: 2D Sketcher Main Window


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2.1.1. Menu

MENU SUBMENU ICON DESCRIPTION

File New Creates a new sketch. Discards current drawing and creates a new, empty sketch.

Open Loads sketch from the file.

The user can select and open previously saved sketch (file extension of the sketch files is *.s2d).

Save Saves current sketch to the file.

If sketch is saved for the first time, behaves like Save as

Save as Saves current sketch to the new file.

The user can select a name for the file where the current sketch will be saved.

Export Exports current sketch as AutoCAD dxf file.

The user can select a name for the file where the current sketch will be saved.

Print preview

Allows a user to view what a printed version of the document would look like.

Print

Print the document.

Exit Closes sketcher application.

Edit Undo / Redo Undoes/Redoes previous operation.

Cut Cuts selected sketch elements and puts them to the clipboard.

Copy Copies selected sketch elements to the clipboard.

Paste Pastes sketch elements from the clipboard.

Delete Deletes selected sketch elements.

Select all Selects all sketch elements.

View Refresh Refreshes the canvas.

Zoom in / out Enlarges/shrinks the sketch in the canvas by 2x.


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Zoom to fit Zoom sketch so that it fits from border to border of the canvas.

Zoom window Zoom rectangular part of the canvas that user selects.

Sketch explorer

Shows Sketch explorer panel on the right side of the main window (if Object properties is currently shown).

Object properties

Shows Object properties panel on the right side of the main window (if the Sketch explorer is currently shown).

Draw line arrows

Display end-point arrows of the created line elements.

Show info text Show properties of the sketch element to which the cursor is pointing.

Insert Relation Insert a new relation between selected sketch elements( e.g. parallel relation between two lines).

Dimension Inserts a new dimension.

Point Select the point creation tool and then click on the canvas to create points.

Line Select the line creation tool and then click on the canvas to create lines.

Arc Select the arc creation tool and then click on the canvas to create arcs.

Circle Select the circle creation tool and then click on the canvas to create circles.

Tools Translate Translate selected sketch elements by specifying a translation vector.

Rotate Rotate selected sketch elements by specifying an angle.

Preferences Shows Preferences dialog.

Help Users Guide Displays this document.

Status bar: Displays information about total number of sketch objects, number of selected objects and information if the sketch is over defined, under defined or defined.


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2.1.2. Sketching Toolbar Sketching toolbar contains buttons that are used for adding new elements to the sketch and modifying existing elements.

Select Sets canvas to select mode

Measure distance

Sets canvas to measure distance mode

Create point Sets canvas to point creation mode

Create line Sets canvas to line creation mode

Create arc Sets canvas to arc creation mode

Create circle Sets canvas to circle creation mode

2.1.3. Sketching Canvas The sketching canvas is where the sketch can be viewed and manipulated by clicking and dragging the mouse. The following actions are supported:

• Selecting objects

1. Click on Select button in the Sketching toolbar.

2. Click on an object in the canvas and then the selected object will be green.

3. To select multiple objects, repeat step 2 with Control key pressed.

• Deselecting objects

1. Click on Select button in the Sketching toolbar.

2. While keeping Control key pressed click on the object to deselect.

3. To deselect all objects in one step, click somewhere on the empty area in the sketch.

• Creating points

1. Click on Create point button in the Sketching toolbar.

2. Click on the canvas where to create a point.

• Creating lines

1. Click on Create line button in the Sketching toolbar.

2. Click on the canvas where to place first line point.

3. Click on the canvas where to place second line point.

4. To draw a polyline, repeat step 3 as needed.

5. To cancel line creation, click on the canvas with the right mouse button or press Escape key.

• Creating arcs


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1. Click on Create arc button in the Sketching toolbar.

2. This option creates an arc through three points. Therefore you have to define first end point, second end point and one point between these two.

3. Click on the canvas where to place one arc endpoint.

4. Click on the canvas where to place other arc endpoint.

5. Click on the canvas e where to place middle point (not center point).

6. To create another arc, repeat from the step 2.

• Zooming

1. Press the middle mouse button while mouse cursor is somewhere on the canvas.

2. Keep the middle button down and drag the mouse down to zoom in, or drag up to zoom out the sketch.

3. Release the button when you want to end zooming.

• Panning

1. Press the right mouse button while mouse cursor is somewhere on the canvas.

2. Keep the right button down and pan (drag) the sketch left, right, up or down.

3. Release the button when you want to end panning.

2.1.4. Mouse

Left Mouse Button

Select Click on the object. Object will be drawn in yellow if selected.

Select multiple

Press Ctrl key and click on the objects to be selected.

Move Select objects, click on one selected object and move mouse while holding button down. Objects will move if not fixed by constraints and dimensions.

Zoom area

When zoom icon is selected press button and draw square which should be selected.

Middle Mouse Button

Zoom Hold down the middle mouse button and drag the mouse up and down to zoom in and out on all the objects in the display. Alternatively hold down both left and right mouse buttons and drag the mouse up and down to zoom the display in and out.

Right Mouse Button

Menu Right mouse button will display menu where all actions on selected objects can be performed.

Creating objects

When creating objects like line or arc, press right button to stop action. It has the same effect as Escape.


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2.2. Sketch Explorer Panel The Sketch Explorer contains the following three sketch entity types:

2.2.1. Geometry List Geometry list is a two-column list with name and type of each geometrical sketch entity (point, line or arc). User can select the entities by clicking on the list items (Control key pressed for multi-selection). By clicking with the right mouse button somewhere over the list, pop-up menu will appear with the following options:

• Merge points – if two points are selected, this command will merge them into one. This option is used for connecting two separate elements into one.

• Delete objects – deletes selected objects (the same as Edit | Delete).

• Select all objects – selects all objects (the same as Edit | Select all).

2.2.2. Relations List Relations list is a four column list with name and type of each relation in the sketch and two objects which are involved in the relation.

Select relations by clicking on the list items (Control key pressed for multi-selection). By clicking with the right mouse button somewhere over the list, pop-up menu will appear with the following options:

• Add relation (Fix, Coincident, Concentric, Equal, Horizontal, Identical, Intersection, Midpoint, Parallel, Perpendicular, Tangent, Vertical) – adds a new relation to selected objects (list of available relations with objects that have to be selected to be able to add particular relation is given in the appendix).

• Delete relation – deletes selected relations

• Select all relations – selects all relations in the list

2.2.3. Dimensions List Dimensions list is a five column list with name, type and value of each dimension in the sketch, and information about two objects which are dimensioned. Dimensions can be selected by clicking on the list.

By clicking with the right mouse button, pop-up menu will appear with the following options:

• Add dimension – shows submenu with available dimension types

• Distance – adds “Distance” dimension between two selected points

• Horizontal – adds “Horizontal” dimension between two selected points

• Vertical – adds “Vertical” dimension between two selected points

• Radius – adds “Radius” dimension for the selected arc

• Angle – adds “Angle” dimension between two selected lines

• Delete dimensions – deletes selected dimensions

• Select all dimensions – selects all dimensions in the sketch


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2.3. Object Properties Panel The object properties panel shows properties for the selected object (geometrical entity or dimension). Also, the object properties panel can be used to change some of the object properties, like object coordinates or object name. The following figure shows an example of object properties for the selected line:

Figure 2-2: Object Properties for the Selected Line.

2.3.1. Point Properties The point properties window contains edit boxes with the name and x and y coordinates of the selected point. These values can be edited directly or click on small arrows on the right side of the edit box to increment or decrement a value of the property.

2.3.2. Line Properties The line properties window contains edit boxes with the name, x and y coordinates of the start and end point, line length and angle between line and horizontal axis.

2.3.3. Arc Properties The arc properties window contains edit boxes with the name of the arc, x and y coordinates of the center and two end points, radius and start and end angle.


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2.3.4. Dimension Properties The dimension properties window contains edit boxes with the name of the dimension and dimension value.

2.4. Drawing Principle For best results, draw a sketch with the following steps:

• define sketch elements

• set geometrical relations between elements

• define dimensions

2.4.1. Defining Basic Sketch Elements Make the sketch by creating basic geometry elements. In this phase, define a rough shape for the future sketch by combining geometrical elements like points, lines and arcs. Elements can be connected during sketching or afterwards with merge points option from the Geometry list pop-up menu.

Figure 2-3: Defining Basic Sketch Elements


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2.4.2. Defining Relations In this phase, define how elements relate to each other with relations like fixed, horizontal, vertical, parallel, orthogonal, coincident, tangent, etc. The sketch which looks much like the final sketch is produced in this step.

Figure 2-4: Defining Relations

2.4.3. Defining Dimensions However, the sketch defined like described in previous steps is under defined (it has many degrees of freedom), i.e. changing one part of the sketch can influence other parts in negative way. In order to prevent that and to keep the intention of designer, the sketch must be dimensioned, i.e. defined dimensions which should be constant if some other dimension is changed. Such dimensions are called “driving” dimensions.

The final and dimensioned sketch looks like this:


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Figure 2-5: Defining Dimensions

Driving dimensions change the size and the shape of the model if their value is changed. They influence the final look of the model.

2.4.4. Relations Depending on selected objects, relations from the following table can be added to the sketch.

Relation Selected objects Consequence

Horizontal or Vertical

One or more lines or two or more points

Line becomes horizontal or vertical. Points become aligned horizontally or vertically.

Collinear Two or more lines Objects will lie on the same infinite line.

Co radial Two or more arcs Objects will share the same center and radius.

Perpendicular Two lines Objects will be perpendicular to each other.

Parallel Two or more lines Objects will be parallel to each other.

Tangent Arc and line or arc Two objects become tangent.

Concentric Two or more arcs or point and arc.

Arcs will share the same center.


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Midpoint Point and line. Point moves to the half of the line.

Intersection Two lines and point.

Point moves to line intersection.

Coincident Point and line or arc.

Point moves on line or arc.

Equal Two or more lines.

Two or more arcs.

Makes line lengths equal.

Makes radii equal.

Fix Any object Object size and position is fixed. But, line end points can be moved along line direction. Also, arc end points can be moved along imaginary circle on which arc lays.

2.4.5. Dimensions

Dimension Selected objects Consequence

Distance Two points Distance between points will be defined by dimension value.

Horizontal Two points Horizontal distance between points will be defined by dimension value.

Vertical Two points Vertical distance between points will be defined by dimension value.

Radius Arc Arc radius will be defined by dimension value.

Angle Two lines Angle between lines will be defined by dimension value.


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2.5. Piston Bowl Example 1. Define the Piston Bowl geometry parameters as shown:

Figure 2-6: Geometry Parameters

2. Define the basic sketch elements by combining geometrical elements like points, lines and arcs.


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Figure 2-7: Defining Basic Sketch Elements

3. Connect the basic sketch elements either during sketching or afterwards by merging its points. First select two points by holding Ctrl key down and pressing with the left mouse button on the points in sketching area or in the geometry list pop-up menu. Afterwards merge them by pressing the right mouse button in sketching area or in the geometry list pop-up menu and select merge points option from the menu. They will be merged into one and only this one is listed in the geometry list pop-up menu.


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Figure 2-8: Connecting Basic Sketch Elements

4. Define relations between basic sketch elements, i.e. how elements relate to each other with relations like fixed, horizontal, vertical, parallel, orthogonal, coincident, tangent, etc. First select one object in the sketching area or in the geometry list with the left mouse button or select two objects by holding Ctrl key down and pressing with the left mouse button on the object in sketching area or in the geometry list pop-up menu. Afterwards define some relation by pressing with the right mouse button in sketching area or in the geometry list pop-up menu and select add relation option from the fast menu. The relation will be applied and visible in the sketching and added to the relations list pop-up menu. After all relations are defined the sketch will then pretty much look like the final sketch that is requested.


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Figure 2-9: Defining Relations Between Basic Sketch Elements

5. However, sketch defined like described in previous steps is under defined (it has many degrees of freedom). That means that changing of one part of the sketch can influence other parts in negative way. In order to prevent that and to keep the intention of designer, sketch must be dimensioned, i.e. defined dimensions which should be constant if some other dimension is changed. Such dimensions are called “driving” dimensions. Driving dimensions change the size and the shape of the model if their value is changed. They influence the final look of the model. Final and dimensioned sketch looks like this:


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Figure 2-10: Defining Dimensions

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