finish start tuesday
TRANSCRIPT
Finish start Tuesday
*THE FALL OF THE MANCHU (Qing) DYNASTY
Not strong enough to resist IMPERIALISM
In 1912,
LAST DYNASTY IS OVERTHROWN…
Opium Wars andUnequal Treaties
Lead to…
Taiping and
Boxer Rebellions
BOXERHONG XIUQUIN
The Qing (Manchu) Dynasty (1644-1912) was China's last dynasty. The Manchu emperors were unpopular because they were non-Han Chinese and they descended from horsemen from the north and opened up China to exploitation from the West. Even so they made many improvements in the lives of ordinary Chinese and expanded China to its present size.
The Manchus were Mongol-like horsemen turned merchants from Manchuria who were centered in the city of Shenyang. They were of mixed Mongolian, Korean, Chinese and Jurchen stock. Qing (pronounced ching and also spelled Ching or Ch'ing) means “pure.”
The end of the Dynastic Cycle
to the Civil War
China thrived for 4,000 years…
Why did it end?
What will replace it?
Exploration is ended.
China closes their door to the world.…at what cost?
The decision “changed history, stopped short what might have been a very different future
for Asia and the world…”
Why?
END
Until 1925
NATIONALIST PARTY LED BY CHIANG KAI-SHEK: 1928-1949
1931-1945
-Jap. invades the province of Manchuria.
-Jap. slaughter Millions of C. before and during WWII.
-Rape of Nanking
-Nat’lists and Commi. fight each other more than Jap.
1945-1949
-Civil War rages after WWII
FYI
CHINA GOES
COMMUNIST
COLLECTIVE FARMS
ONE-CHILD POLICY…
COMMUNISTS WIN!
VS.
NATIONALISTS
CHANG KAI SHEK
DEMOCRACY
COMMUNISTS
MAO ZEDONG
CIVIL WAR
MAO ZEDONG OVERTHROWS
CHIANG KAI-SHEK and ESTABLISHES
THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
COMMUNIST
GOV’T
NATIONALISTS FLEE TO
TAIWAN AND SET UP A
SEPARATE GOV’T
1950- CHINA INVADES TIBET- CLAIMS RIGHT TO RULE
1.2 MILLION TIBETANS DIE
Cult of Mao
In the following pictures, describe how the media portrays Mao and what are his characteristics?
www.iisg.nl/landsberger/cult2.html
www.asiasociety.org/chinarevo/?p=15
CHANGES UNDER
MAO1958 GREAT LEAP FORWARD
RAPIDLY INDUSTRIALIZE CHINA
“GREAT LEAP FORWARD”
Tries to speed up Industrial Growth
A. COMMUNES,
B. BACKYARD INDUSTRIES
DISASTER
Greater, Better, Faster, Cheaper
FOCUS ON INDUSTRY CAUSES AGRICULTURE TO SUFFER.
WIDESPREAD FAMINE.
40-50+ MILLION CHINESE DIE
PEASANTS ORGANIZED INTO COLLECTIVES “BITTER YEARS”
www.china-profile.com/history/indepth/id_41.htm
MAO’s Little Red BookReadMemorizeLive
CHANGES UNDER
MAOCULTURAL
REVOLUTIONTries to get rid of critics! Abandon old
ways!
Mao’s Little Red BookCONFUCIUS
Cultural RevolutionGetting rid of the old to make room for the new.
OLD NEW
“Smash the Old World, establish a
New World.”
Confucianism
Mao Zedong Thought
WHEN? 1966 CULTURAL REVOLUTION
1. MAO RECRUITS THE YOUTH
(RED GUARDS) Follow the Little Red Book
2. WHY? ATTEMPT TO RID GOV’T OF
RIVALS, CAPITALISTS, AND
INTELLECTUALS. Calls them
(“COUNTER-REVOLUTIONARIES”)
3. MILLIONS OF CHINESE ARE KILLED OR
IMPRISONED RESULT!
WHO?
No one is sure exactly how many people perished as a result of the spreading hunger. By comparing the number of deaths that could be expected under normal conditions with the number that occurred during the period of the Great Leap famine, scholars have estimated that somewhere between 40 million and 50 million people died before the experiment came to an end in 1961, making the Great Leap famine the largest in world history.
People abandoned their homes in search of food. Families suffered immensely, and reports of that suffering reached the members of the army, whose homes were primarily in rural areas. As soldiers received letters describing the suffering and the deaths, it became harder for leaders to maintain ideological discipline. Chaos developed in the countryside as rural militias became predatory, seizing grain, beating people and raping women. From famine to reform
During the struggle for survival, farmers in nearly one-third of the rural communities took matters into their own hands, abandoning the people's commune in favor of individual farming. Heavy central control was reduced, and the country's agricultural production improved.
SECOND
7.7% 2013
http://money.cnn.com/news/economy/world_economies_gdp/