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Agenda for Tuesday March 22nd 1.Matter and Mixtures Notes

Another resource

www.kendricknovak.wikispaces.com

Composition of Matter• Matter – anything that has mass and takes up

space

• Element – substance that cannot be separated or broken down into simpler substances

• Atom – smallest unit of an element that maintains the properties of that element

Compounds

• Compound – substance with 2 or more different atoms (elements)

• Molecules – smallest unit of a compound that still maintains the properties of the compound

• Chemical Formulas

Mixtures

• Pure substances – only 1 element or compound

• Mixture – combination of 2 or more substances– Homogenous – contains substances blended evenly

throughout– Heterogeneous – a mixture of different substances

that can easily be distinguished from each other

Homogenous Mixtures

• Solution– homogenous mixtures– small particles, cannot be seen with a microscope– Particles do not settle to the bottom

• Examples– Salt water– Sugar water

Heterogeneous Mixtures

• Suspensions - visible particles will settle – Muddy water

Heterogeneous Mixtures• Colloid = suspension where particles will not

settle out of the mixture on their own– Milk, fog, smoke, gelatin desserts

– Tyndall effect – scattering of light by larger particles

• Emulsion – two immiscible (unblendable) liquids mix together– mayonnaise

Predicting Types of Mixtures

1 substance2 Substances

Pure Substance Mixture

Separates easily/ on its own

Suspension

No visible particles, Looks uniform throughoutWon’t separate by physical means

Solution

Visible particles/cloudy

Colloid

Won’t separate on its own/cloudy

Heterogeneous mixture

Homogeneous Mixture

Homework

• Questions 1 – 8 page 44

• Questions 1-3, 7 on page 231

Define homogeneous and heterogeneous mixtures.

Agenda for Wednesday March 23rd 1.Mixture lab

What is the difference between a compound and an element?

Agenda for Thursday March 24th 1.Solubility Notes2.Solubility Lab

Key Terms• Solute – stuff we want to dissolve

• Solvent – substance in which we dissolve something

• Solubility – maximum amount of solute that can dissolve in a solvent– Different for different substances– Depends on pressure & temp

Concentration

• Concentration – amount of a solute dissolved in a given volume of solution– A lot of solute is called concentrated– Little solute is called dilute

Saturation

• Saturated – a solution that can dissolve no more solute– Excess solute visible

• Unsaturated – can dissolve more solute

• Supersaturated – holds more solute than it normally can

Kool – Aid Lab

Define Solvent and Solute

Agenda for Friday March 25th 1.Quiz2.Solubility of Salt lab3.Concept Review

List 2 factors that affect solubility.

Agenda for Monday March 28th 1.Salt Lab2.Physical/Chemical Properties

1. Demos

What is the common name for sodium chloride?

Agenda for Tuesday March 29th 1.Finish Lab2.Physical/Chemical Changes

Properties of Matter

• Physical – characteristic of a material you can manipulate without changing the identity of a substance– shape, size, density, melting point, boiling point, color

• Physical Change - a change in size, shape or state of matter– dissolving

Properties of Matter

• Chemical - characteristic of a substance that indicates whether it can undergo a certain chemical change– New substances produced– Reactivity, flammability (ability to burn)

• Chemical Change - change of one substance to another– accompanied by heat, light, color, and sound

States of Matter

• Kinetic Theory– All matter is made of atoms and molecules– These particles are always in motion. Higher temp =

faster movement– At same temp., heavier molecules move slower

• 3 different states of matter– Solid, liquid, gas