UCI Engineering Design in IndustryWater Pump Project - Fall 2011

Final Presentation

Students Advisor OC Great Park

Kevin AnglimAndrea MarianiBrandon NillesPhong PhanGagan Singh

John Garman Glenn ChalkleyTom GrimmTom LarsonJordan Perkins

The Goal

The goal of this project was the design anddevelopment of a water pump apparatus thatwould be used as an educational exhibit in the OCGreat Park’s Farm & Food Lab.

As a secondary objective, this pump wouldadvertise a utilitarian pumping system that will bedeveloped for nations with water-pumping needs,alleviating some of the hardships people mustendure in order to get the water they need.

Water Awareness - California

• 200 million acre- feet of water fall in CA/ year▫ Over half soaks into ground/ evaporates/ used by

vegetation

▫ Leaves 86 million acre-feet of water for use

48%- environmental uses

41%- agriculture

9%- cities & industries

75% of CA’s available water occurs N. of Sacramento, while 80% of the demand occurs in the southern 2/3 of the state

*1 acre foot is 326,000 gallons- enough water for 2 families for a year

Water Awareness – CA Water Delivery

• Surface Water Projects

▫ Provide major portion of water

▫ 1000+ federal, state, local reservoirs & hundreds of miles of canals and pipelines

▫ 2 major:

Central Valley Project (CVP, federal)

State Water Project (SWP, state)

Water Awareness - Key Water Projects

Water Projects Amount of Water

Central Valley Project 7 MAF- per year

State Water Project 2.3 MAF- per year

All- American Canal 3 MAF- per year

Colorado River Aqueduct 1.2 MAF-per year

Los Angeles Acqueduct 200,000 AF- per year

Mokelumne Aqueduct 364,000 AF- per year

San Francisco Hetch Hetchy Project 330,000 AF- per year

Water Awareness - CVP

• Begins in Cascade Mtn’s near Redding, and goes down to near Bakersfield

• 20 damns and reservoirs, 11 power plants, 500 miles of major canals

• Manages 9 million acre-feet of water

• 600,000 acre-feet for municipal and industrial use ~1 million households for a year

• 800,000 acre-feet/ year to fish and wildlife; 410,000 acre- feet to State and Federal wildlife refuges and wetlands

Water Awareness - CVP

Courtesy: U.S. Dept. of the Interior

Water Awareness - SWP

• Nation’s largest state built system

• Water for 23 million & 755,000 acres of farmland

• Includes the 444 mile CA aqueduct

▫ Delivers to San Joaquin Valley, SF Bay, S. CA

Water Awareness - SWP

Courtesy: Legislative Analysts Office

Water Awareness - Irvine

• We get our water from 3 sources:

▫ State water project

▫ Colorado River

▫ Groundwater

Design Issue

• Main Issues▫ Durability

Frequency of maintenance?

How long it would last?

▫ Accessibility

Age and size?

Handicap?

▫ Availability

Off the shelf products?

▫ Ease of Manufacture

Difficulty of assembly and fabrication

▫ Safety

Does it satisfy safety regulations?

Initial Requirements

Requirement Units Nominal Optimal Weight

User: - - - -

Age Years 6 to 16 4 to 21 3

Quantity People / Day 100 1000 4

Engineering: - - - -

ADA Accessibility Need Yes Yes 4

Flow Rate Gallons/Minute 5 10 5

Optimized Volume Pumped Need Yes Yes 4

Budget Dollars ($) $500-$1000 <$500 4

Design: - - - -

Longevity Years 5 10 5

Maintenance Minutes/month 5 0 5

Production Quality 1 - 5 (5=best) 5 5 5

Aesthetic 1 - 5 (5=best) 4 5 4

Safety 1 - 5 (5=safest) 4 5 5

Initial Ideas

• Handcart

• Treadmill

• Wheel

• Pendulum pump

• Archimedes screw

• Pulley

• Bicycle powered pump

Updated RequirementsRequirement Units Nominal Optimal Weight

User: - - - -

Age Years 6 to 11 4 to 21 3

Quantity People / Day 100 1000 4

Engineering: - - - -

ADA Accessibility Need Yes Yes 1

Optimized Volume Pumped Need Yes Yes 4

Design: - - - -

Longevity Years 5 10 5

Maintenance Minutes/month 5 0 5

Production Quality 1 - 5 (5=best) 5 5 5

Aesthetic 1 - 5 (5=best) 4 5 4

Safety 1 - 5 (5=safest) 4 5 5

Representative of Exportable 1 - 5 3 5 5

Budget Dollars ($) $500-$1000 <$500 4

Cycle Specific Requirements: - - - -

Cadence Range RPM 60 to 90 Any 3

Crank-to-Seat Length Inches 16 16-24 3

Pump Specific Requirements:

Flow Rate Gallons/Minute 6 to 10 15 to 20 3

Cadence Range Rotations/Minute 90 to 120 150 to 200 4

Bicycle System

• Two main design concerns:

▫ Drive Train

Chain

Belt

Shaft

▫ Seat Configuration

Upright

recumbent

Shaft Drive

• Pros

Safe

Gears are enclosed

No exposable moving parts

Lower maintenance frequency

Bevel gears protected from impacts/debris

Durable

• Cons

Heavier

Inability to repair

shaft must be replaced

More expensive

Seat Selection

RecumbentPros:

• More comfortable• Safer due to lower

center of gravityCons:

• Unable to shift weight to balance

UprightPros:

• Commonly found• Light-weight• Can have multiple riding

positionsCons:

• Uncomfortable over long periods of time

Down-Selection of Drive Train

Selection Criteria Chain Drive Rubber Belt Drive Kevlar Belt Drive Drive Shaft

Durability 2-3 Months* 1 Year* 1+ Year 1+ Year

Safety(1-5)

3 3 3 5

Maintenance(1-5)

4 3 3 5

Maintenance Frequency

2 Weeks* 1 Week* 2 Weeks* 1 Month*

Outdoor Use (1-5)

3 3 5 5

Replaceability(1-5)

5 4 3 2

Cost $100* $200* $300* $100*

Ease of Manufacture(1-5)

5 5 5 5

Rank 3 4 2 1

Continue? No No No Yes

* = estimation

Status at Midterm

• Had selected our final design

• Completed two proof of concept tests

Need to:

• Construct a final working prototype

Final Steps

Final Production Steps

• Detail components and materials for actual parts sourced

• Fabricate prototype to verify design

• Analyze prototype performance

• Recommend design revisions

Final Product

Recommendations

• The use of components other than those used in our prototype is acceptable and occasionally preferable (i.e. pump selection). Details of the final design would be changed to account for this, but the fabricator judgment can account for these variations. Details of our prototype design have been included.

• Optimizing some features (e.g. seat geometry, pump selection) can only be done with further iteration of the whole system, which we hadn’t the resources for. A design that will last for years would call for this.

• The above holds true for exportable versions of this concept as well as they would demand durability perhaps beyond even that required in a park full of children.

Special Thanks!

• AbioBikes.com▫ Provided the drive shaft

• BambooDNA.com▫ Provided fabrication shop

• OC Great Park▫ Provided the opportunity to work on a great project