final ppt123
TRANSCRIPT
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History of Education Sector:1948-49 University education commission constituted
1951 First Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) established at Kharagpur
1952-53 Secondary Education Commission constituted
1958 Second IIT established at Mumbai
1961 First two Indian Institutes of Management (IIMs) set up at
Ahmedabad and Kolkata
1968 First National Policy on Education (NPE) adopted
1975 Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) Scheme launched
1985 Indira Gandhi National Open University (IGNOU) established by an
Act of Parliament
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Contd.1987-88 All India Council of Technical Education (AICTE) vested with
statutory status by an Act of Parliament
1994 District Primary Education Programme (DPEP), National
Assessment and Accreditation Council (NAAC) , National Board of
Accreditation (NAB) established.
2001 Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan (SSA) launched to universalize
elementary education of good quality all over the country
2004 Mid-Day Meal scheme as well as EDUSAT a satellite dedicated to
education, launched
2005 National Commission for Minority Educational Institutions
established by Act of Parliament
2006 Two Indian Institutes of Science Education & Research (IISERs)
established at Kolkata and Pune, respectively
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Indian education system
Elementary Education
Secondary board Examination
(SSC/ICSE/CBSE Board)
Senior/ Higher secondaryBoard Examination
Graduation Degree
(B.com, B.sc, BA)
Masters Degree
(MBA,CA,CFA)
Doctorate level Programme
(PhD)
Masters Degree
(M.tech MD)
Engineering/
Doctor Degree
Vocational Secondary
Polytechnics(Diploma Course)
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Indian Education system
Pre-School and Primary & Secondary Education
Central Board of secondary education CBSE
Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations CISCE State Board
Higher Education :
Diploma Courses Bachelors/UndergraduateDegrees
Masters/Post-graduate
Degrees and Pre-doctoral/Doctoral programs
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Main features ofIndian Higher Education system
Highly bureaucratized system with multiple controls and regulations
exercised by Central and State Governments.
System is heavily subsidized by the Government. The efficiency offund utilization is very poor due to internal rigidities.
Salary and compensation for teaching staff is poor and, therefore,
higher education institutions are unable to attract and retain
qualified and trained teachers.
Most institutions offer outdated programmes with inflexible
structures and content.
Infrastructural facilities range from inadequate to dismal.
Steady electric power supply is not available.
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Classification ofH
igher Education
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TECHNICALEDUCATION
UNIVERSITYGRANTS
COMMISSION
(UGC)
ALL INDIACOUNCIL
FOR TECHNICAL
EDUCATION(AICTE)
STATUTORY
COUNCILS SUCH AS
THE MCI, BCI, ETC
DISTANCE
EDUCATION
COUNCIL
Classification cntd..
Governed by
Non Technical Education is governed by University Grantscommission and Distance education council.
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Avenues ofHigher
Education
University
University GrantsCommission
DeemedUniversities
University GrantsCommission
Colleges
University GrantsCommission
All India councilfor Technical
Education (AICTE)
Governed by
Avenues of Higher Education:
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Higher Education: International Scenario
Economic Order and the Role ofHigher Education
Internet in Education
Globalisation and Higher Education
World Trade Organization (WTO) and Higher Education
e-Education
Academic Community on Globalisation
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Current Scenario:
World well known higher education institutions
Challenge of maintaining quality of education in primary and secondary
schools, vocational studies, distance education
New emerging professions (like BPOs, clinical research, aviation, travel,tourism etc.)
Rough estimate of approx 8.8 lacks elementary schools & 3-4 lacks upperprimary schools
1.46 lacks secondary and senior secondary schools
Around 7.7 lack ISO 9000 certified schools and 1.1 lacks
ISO 14000 certified schools all over the world
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Facets of Higher Education
University Grants Commission (UGC)
Universities
Autonomous Colleges
Deemed Universities
All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE)
Position of Institutes such as ISB, IIPM, etc.
Foreign Universities
Distance Education Council (DEC)
Statutory Professional Councils
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Main players in Indian Higher Education University Grants Commission (UGC) set up under UGC Act 1956
is responsible for coordination, determination, and maintenance of
standards and release of grants to universities and research
organizations.
Professional councils that are responsible for recognition ofcourses, promotion of professional institutions and provision of
grants to undergraduate programmes.
As of today software development does not have a statutory
council. NASSCOM is generally accepted as equivalent of a
council. Research Councils: A number of them have been setup under the
Central (federal) government.
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Present Situation : Why the sector is lagging
Indian education sector is regulated by two agencies namely the
University Grants Commission (UGC) and the All India Council for
Technical Education (AICTE).
The UGC controls the establishment of private universities in the
country while the AICTE has the sole authority to plan and maintain
technical education in the country.
Another reason for slow pace of growth in this sector can be
attributed to delay in allowing FDI in education.
Also, there is an effort on the part of the government to block the
entry of foreign universities into India.
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Principal goals in educational services: Ensure right of US companies to establish operations in
foreign markets including the right to wholly own these
investments.
Ensure that U.S companies get national treatment by
getting foreigners same rights as domestic investors.
Promote pro-competitive regulatory reform focused on
an adequacy of appropriate and consistent rules.
Remove barriers to generate cross border trade.
Remove obstacles to free movement of people and
business information.
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Issues related to Education Sector
Funding And Infrastructure
Quality education requires teacher training
increase in Enrolment rate
Curriculum issues
Controversy
Development of Teachers
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%
of GDP spend byI
ndia at the global average
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
% of GDP Spend on Education
Public Education Expenditure GDP Population Aged 5-25 yrs
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Expenditure by Indian Education Sector
0%
2%
4%
6%
8%
10%
12%
14%
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006
Expenditure on Education by IEC
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Expenditure on Higher education per student
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
Public Expenditure
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Genesis ofCoaching Class Market:
Indias inadequate education system is being further
stretched due to its increasing population.
$6.4bn segment of coaching classes has sprouted around
formal IES. The market is rapidly growing as the Indian education
system lays heavy emphasis on marks scored in an exam.
At $5.1bn, the tuitions market forms 80% of the coaching
class opportunity and is inherently difficult to scale.
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Share of Private and Public Education
010203040
50607080
0100
Public
Private
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Market size Current &After Five yearsSegment Current Market (US $M) 2012 Market (US $M)
Preschools 985 3,426
Engineering 5,850 9,750
Medical 473 675
MBA 731 1463
Engineering (Test Prep) 1,000 2,000
UPSC (Civil Service) 120 240
Medical (Test Prep) 420 840
IT-Training - Retail 187 376IT-Training - Corporate 38 140
E-learning - Retail 14 147
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FDIIn ducation Sector
Government allows FDI up to 100% in education sector.
Foreign investments can be made only into companiesproviding educational services
Other segments such as vocational training and tutoring
services are attracting a great amount of interest amonginvestors largely due their unregulated environment.
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Genesis ofCoaching ClassMarket:
Indias inadequate education system is being further
stretched due to its increasing population.
$6.4bn segment of coaching classes has sproutedaround formal IES.
The market is rapidly growing as the Indian education
system lays heavy emphasis on marks scored in an
exam.
At $5.1bn, the tuitions market forms 80% of the
coaching class opportunity and is inherently difficult to
scale.
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Coaching class Market
3.40%
16.90%
79.70%
Coaching Class Market
Post Grad test
Grad test prep
6th -12th & Tertiary
education
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Post Grad Test Prep Market:
12.40%2.80%
3.50%
3.10%
1.90%
41.60%
34.70%
Post Grad Test Market
GATE
GMAT
GRE
IELTS
TOEFL
CAT
CET
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SWOTAnalysais:
SWOT
Strengths:Highly educated , skilled , capable &dynamic human resources .English speaking & analytical
studentsVery rich in Natural & Living resourcesBiodiversity & Traditional knowledge baseIndia Strategic position at various platformsIT & Software superpower
Weaknesses:Lack of trained & skill work forceSmall supply of specialize professionalLack of effective & execution frameworkLack ofIndian management modelsLack of transparency-Trust-ResponsibilityLack of spirits of entrepreneurshipFear of sharing knowledge & taking risk
Opportunities:
GeneralA
greement of trade on ServicesResearch & Development capabilityGenerate intellectual propertyResource Building capacityCompetition- cost Quality serviceCollaboration : win-win thinkingHybrid solutionbalancing & blendingRural economy development
Threats:A
feeling of unstable governmentSelf centered political leadershipSlow & Dysfunctional judiciary and corruptlaw enforcersRegulation, protection and restrictionMechanistic -stable-Layered-complex systemCorruption, Ignorance & ComplacencyHigh competitive & marketing forces
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Challenges : Need for Reforms
Provide Quality education rather than focusing on quantity.
A huge variance between Rural and Urban education system.
Like Health Sector a very low or no focus by Indian Government to
improve education in Government Schools and Colleges.
Reservations and Quota system emerged as the only motivating
factor to improve literacy. The actual need is to come up with
reforms to promote literacy by better education.
More Stress is required to improve the quality of teachers and
promote environment and perks to improve teacher ship.
Create quality education hubs like IITs and IIMs. Reforms on
bringing up the foreign college affiliations in India to improve
quality.
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Impact of the Recession on Education Education Financing.
Employment trends in the education sector.
Changes in migration and mobility patterns. Salaries - trends and changes.
Changes in working hours.
Changes in other benefits (pensions, health, other
social protection).
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Mergers andAcquisition
Edserve currently serves a niche in Education space by
providing technology to meet human resource requirements for
educational institutions along with focus on content delivery
and learning model for schools in India.
Schoolmate is a branded CRM and ERP software for
educational institutions.
The solution thus helps schools in automating the information
providing process right from admission to school activities. Schoolmate's acquisition will provide Edserv access to more
than 70 schools and will help it to achieve its target of 250
schools by the year end.
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Recommendations
The Government resources for higher education are simply not
enough. Government supervision of higher education is
dismal, to say the least.
Recourse to quality private higher education, both university
and non-university is essential.
India needs to have a proactive demand based policy towards
private higher education.
Broad-band services and provision of computers is an essential
requirement of higher education.
Open Universities need to be encouraged to offer quality
programmes at the least cost.
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C
onclusion:A number of studies and reports indicate that strongreturns could be expected from the sector. With about
50% of Indias population being younger than 25
years of age and the severe shortage of institutionsdelivering high quality education and training across
various segments, what is present before the
regulators and policy makers is a timely opportunity
to usher in change and raise the reach and standardsof education in India.
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