final hybrid electric vehicle

7/31/2019 Final Hybrid Electric Vehicle

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PRESENTED BY:Maninder Kumar

SECTION ME-3ROLL NO.-2907447

HYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLES


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Overview

IntroductionBrief historyComponentsConfigurations of HEVsAdvantagesAdvanced technologies

Auto Expo 2012ConclusionReferences


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Hybrid Electric Vehicle

combines a conventional internal combustionengine (ICE) propulsion system with an

electric propulsion system. i.e. it consists ofan internal combustion engine (ICE) with oneor more electric motors.


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uses two or more distinct power sources tomove the vehicle.

Power sources for hybrid vehicles includefossil fuels, solar energy, wind energy, liquidnitrogen, hydrogen or compressed naturalgas

Hybrid Vehicle


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History of HEVs

In 1899 Dr. Ferdinand Porsche ,an engineerof Jacob Lohner & Co. invented first Hybrid

Electric Vehicle.The hybrid technology was mainly utilizedin developing diesel-electric submarines.First modern hybrid electric car, the ToyotaPrius , was introduced in Japan in 1997In India, the first HEV was launched byHonda Motors Co. on June 18,2008.


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COMPONENTS OF HEV


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Components....

Power split device- Power split device is a gearboxthat hooks the gasoline engine, generator and electricmotor together

Internal combustion engine - an engine in whichcombustion of a fuel occurs with air in a combustionchamber. The expansion of high-temperature and highpressure gases produced by combustion apply directforce to piston or some component which start moving,transforming chemical energy of fuel into usefulmechanical energy.


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1. STARTING AND LOWSPEED

For the initialacceleration or low speeddriving, electric motoruses the electricity fromthe battery to power thevehicle

Working of HEVs


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2.High SpeedDuring heavyaccelerating orwhen additionalpower is required,the gasolineengine andelectric motorboth are used topropel the vehicle


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STOPPEDMany hybrid vehiclesconserve fuel byincorporating an

automatic start shut-off system. Whenvehicle is stoppedsuch as at red light,

gasoline engine shutoff automatically sothat fuel is not wastedin idling.


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Configurations

No mechanicalconnection betweenengine and wheels,only electrical motordrives the wheels

series HEVs requiresmaller combustionengine but heavierbattery packs than

parallel vehicles.

Series HEV


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Parallel HEV

Both engine andmotor are directlyconnected to wheelsParallel hybrids aremore efficient thanseries type becauseboth the engine and

motor can workindependently ortogether.


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AdvantagesIt is believed the over one-third of carbon emissionsthat are affecting our environment are produced byvehicles. Hybrid vehicles can reduce these carbonemissions by 50%.Greater fuel efficiency and better mileage becausehybrids consume significantly less fuel thanconventional vehiclesDecrease our dependence on fossil fuelsLighter engines because HEV engines can be sizedto accommodate average load, not peak loadThough we are using an IC engine of about 30-40%efficiency, the motors and generators we use areabout 70-85% efficient .This may bring the overall

efficiency up to 50-70%.


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TECHNOLOGIES

Regenerative Breakingintroduced by Erich Gaichen , German

inventor in 1931It is still being used in modern hybridvehicles. This enhanced technologyrecaptures energy lost through brakingand decelerating. This recaptured energyis stored in a battery pack as electricity.


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Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles

Batteries can also be recharged by using an externalpower source, such as a home electrical outletThey travel some distance usually 10-40 miles onelectric motor. Then they run on engine . Even beforethe battery is depleted, the gasoline engine may becalled on to provide additional power for rechargingthe battery, accelerating or passing.A PHEV 30, means the vehicle could travel 30 mileson all-electric mode.Batteries can recharge in just 3 hrs at 120V and 1.5hrs at 240V.


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Charger to be installed in a

permanent location


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Auto Expo 2012: Focus on

hybrid vehicles Peugeot ,French automobile manufacturer came to theExpo for the first time with its hybrid car 3008Volvo showcased a hybrid bus for the inter-citytransport segmentVolkswagen showcased its XL1 diesel hybrid concept

model at the event, which successfully attractedmajority of spectators because of its stylish looks also

Hero Moto Corp., revealed a hybrid scooter, calledLead


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Current Models of HEVsToyota PriusHonda Civic HybridToyota CamryToyota HighlanderChevrolet TahoeVolvoBMW Active Hybrid 7Porsche Panamera SHybrid

Buick Regal HybridSaturn Vue HybridHonda Accord HybridNissanFord EscapeFord FusionGMC SilveradoLexus RX 450 HMercedes


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ConclusionHybrid electric vehicles are not the only option formoving towards the green technology, but it may wellemerge as a serious candidate among the variousoptions.Although basic technology has been developed great

deal of research work is needed to bring them forcommercialization. Research is being carried out forbetter batteries having low cost ,high energy densitiesand high life expectancy.Basic infrastructure for running these vehicles and Govt.support is also required.Its true that hybrid electric vehicles are expensive but itsmuch smaller than the costs of global warming, climatechange.


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REFERENCESHybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs) - by Energy Efficiency AndRenewable Energy,U.S. Department of Energy

Vehicle System Analysis by National Renewable EnergyLaboratory

Introducing Hybrid Technologies by National Alternative FuelsTraining Consortium headquartered at West Virginia eNews,why-we-need-hybrid- cars by Electro Velocity

How Hybrid Cars Work by Karim ,Nice and Julia LaytonHybrid Electric Vehicle Basics by Alternative Fuels And AdvancedVehicles Data Centre, U.S. Department Of Energy,


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final hybrid electric vehicle

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