Philip B. CrosbyQuality Phylosophy

Oleh :Abdullah Hawari/1106052505Acmad Maulana Ibrahim/1106011410Faizal Riswandi/1106015674Finno Ariandi Yudha/1106013284

Lahir pada Virginia, AS , 18 Juni 1926

Almamater : Ohio College of Podiatric Medicine

Karir◦ The Martin Company◦ ITT Corporation◦ Philip Crosby Associates

Biografi Philip B. Crosby

“QUALITY is FREE”

Quality is free. It’s not a gift, but it is free. What costs money are the unquality things -- all the actions that involve not doing jobs right the first time

Filosofi Kualitas Crosby

1. MANAGEMENT COMMITMENT - Top-level view on quality shown to all employees.

2. THE QUALITY IMPROVEMENT TEAM - To pursue the quality regime throughout the business.

3. QUALITY MEASUREMENT - Analysis of business quality performance in a meaningful manner.

4. THE COST OF QUALITY - Make sure everyone in the business understands the need for a quality system, and the costs to the business if there is no quality system in place.

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5. QUALITY AWARENESS - Again make everyone in the business aware of the impact of quality systems.

6. CORRECTIVE ACTION - Ensure a system is in place for analyzing defects in the system and applying simple cause and effect analysis, to prevent re-occurrence.

7. ZERO DEFECTS PLANNING - Look for business activities to which zero defect logic should be applied.

8. SUPERVISOR TRAINING - Get your supervisors trained in both quality logic and zero defect appreciation which they can apply to their business activities.

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9. ZERO DEFECTS DAY - A quality event by which all members of the effected section become aware that a change has taken place.

10. GOAL SETTING - Once a change has been implemented in a section of the business, the next step is to get the employees and supervisors in that section to set goals for improvement to bring about continuous improvement.

11. ERROR CAUSE REMOVAL - Communication process by which management are made aware that set goals are difficult to achieve in order for either the goals to be reset or help given by management to achieve the goals.

12. RECOGNITION - Management must recognize the employees who participate in the quality schemes.

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13. QUALITY COUNCILS - Using both specialist knowledge and employee experiences to bring about a focused approach to business quality regime.

14. DO IT OVER AGAIN - Continuous improvement means starting from the beginning again and again.

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How It Works1

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Quality Improvement

Zero Defect adalah tools manajemen yang ditujukan untuk pengurangan cacat melalui pencegahan. Hal ini diarahkan memotivasi orang untuk mencegah kesalahan dengan mengembangkan konstan, keinginan sadar untuk melakukan pekerjaan mereka benar pada kali pertama.

Zero Defect

Pada 1961, the Martin Company's Orlando Florid meneriman pesanan senjata dari untuk tentara tetapi ternyata tentara meminta agar senjata pesanannya harus selesai satu bulan lebih cepat. Maka dari itu divisi Pershing missile menerapkan peningkatan quality awareness untuk mengeliminasi kesalahan kerja sehingga waktu pengerjaan jdan cost yang di tanggung menjadi lebih keci.

Dari peristiwa itu lah lahir semangat “Zero Defect”

History of Zero Defect

Setelah menerapkan Zero defet : Martin Company's mengklaim bahwa

kesalahan yang terjadi turun 54% General Electric melaporkan baiaya

pembuatan ulang dan limbah turun $2 million

Sperry Corporation melaporkan bahwa tingkat kesalahan turun 54% dalam sartu tahun.

Aplikasi Zero Defect

Absolutes of Quality Management : Quality is conformance to requirement

Defect prevention is preferable to quality inspection and correction

Zero Defects is the quality standard

Quality is measured in monetary terms-nonconformace cost

Absolutes of Quality Management

Quality Management Maturity Grid (QMMG) adalah matriks kematangan organisasi , yang ditulis dalah buku “Quality is Free” 1979

QMMG ini digunakan oleh perusahaan atau organisasi sebagai tolak ukur seberapa matang proses mereka, dan seberapa baik mereka tertanam dalam budaya mereka, sehubungan dengan layanan atau manajemen kualitas produk.

Quality Management Maturity Grid (QMMG)

Quality Management Maturity Grid (QMMG) menjelaskan 5 tingkat kematangan melalui mana sebuah organisasi atau bisnis akan melalui :

1) Uncertainty2) Awakening3) Enlightenment4) Wisdom5) Certainty

Quality Management Maturity Grid (QMMG)

Quality Management Maturity Grid (QMMG) dekembangkan menjadi Capability Maturity Model (CMM) yang juga memiliki lima tingkat kematangan :

Capability Maturity Model (CMM)

Real World Example: General Motor Truck & Bus

Background:• Responsible for the planning, engineering,

manufacturing, and assembly of General Motors Trucks worldwide

• They needed to develop a common direction for our quality process

• They wanted the entire workforce to be aware and involved

- (Hartman, 2002)

Penerapan pada General Motor Truck & Bus

Implementing Crosby’s 14 Steps:• “In line with Step 2 of Crosby’s 14-step

process, Truck & Bus implemented both a group quality improvement team and plant and staff quality improvement teams to run the quality improvement process.”

- (Hartman, 2002)

Real World Example: GM Truck & Bus

Progress:• The quality improvement teams initially managed

the “soft” or non-product areas covered in Crosby’s 14 steps, such as awareness and communication, quality education, cost of quality, and recognition.

• The role of [their] quality improvement teams gradually shifted from “implementing [their] quality improvement process” to “being the driving force in improving the quality of all of [their] business processes.”

- (Hartman, 2002)

Real World Example: GM Truck & Bus

Results:• “The 14-step process provided The Truck & Bus

Group with the most defined, simple-to-follow road map for the initial legs of their quality journey.”

• “Helped everyone focus on the quality of their business process and to understand their internal customer/supplier relationship. Every individual produces a product and has customers. Everyone must determine the requirements and satisfaction of their personal customers.”

- (Hartman, 2002)

Crosby focus pada bagaimana meng-improve quality cost

Crosby memberdayakan pekerja dan memotivasinya untuk memperkecil kesalahan kerja.

Kesimpulan

Brin Tracy ; Crosby’s 14 Steps; Marriott School of Management

file:///D:/manpro-crosby/Philip%20Crosby/Quality%20Management%20Maturity%20Grid%20-%20Wikipedia,%20the%20free%20encyclopedia.htm

file:///D:/manpro-crosby/Philip%20Crosby/Zero%20Defects%20-%20Wikipedia,%20the%20free%20encyclopedia.htm

Referensi