fig. 6-7
DESCRIPTION
Fig. 6-7. AP Biology – Tour of the Cell Diagrams . (a). TEM of a plasma membrane. Outside of cell. Inside of cell. 0.1 µm. Carbohydrate side chain. Hydrophilic region. Hydrophobic region. Hydrophilic region. Phospholipid. Proteins. (b) Structure of the plasma membrane. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Fig. 6-7TEM of a plasmamembrane
(a)
(b) Structure of the plasma membrane
Outside of cell
Inside ofcell 0.1 µm
Hydrophilicregion
Hydrophobicregion
Hydrophilicregion Phospholipid Proteins
Carbohydrate side chain
AP Biology – Tour of the Cell Diagrams
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Fig. 6-8Surface area increases while
total volume remains constant
5
11
6 150 750
125 1251
6 61.2
Total surface area[Sum of the surface areas(height width) of all boxessides number of boxes]
Total volume[height width length number of boxes]
Surface-to-volume(S-to-V) ratio[surface area ÷ volume]
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Fig. 6-9a
ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM (ER)
Smooth ERRough ERFlagellum
Centrosome
CYTOSKELETON:
MicrofilamentsIntermediatefilaments
Microtubules
Microvilli
Peroxisome
MitochondrionLysosome
Golgiapparatus
Ribosomes
Plasma membrane
Nuclearenvelope
Nucleolus
Chromatin
NUCLEUS
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Fig. 6-9b
NUCLEUS
Nuclear envelopeNucleolusChromatin
Rough endoplasmic reticulum
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
Ribosomes
Central vacuole
MicrofilamentsIntermediate filamentsMicrotubules
CYTO-SKELETON
Chloroplast
PlasmodesmataWall of adjacent cell
Cell wall
Plasma membrane
Peroxisome
Mitochondrion
Golgiapparatus
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Fig. 6-10
NucleolusNucleus
Rough ER
Nuclear lamina (TEM)
Close-up of nuclear envelope
1 µm
1 µm
0.25 µm
Ribosome
Pore complex
Nuclear pore
Outer membraneInner membraneNuclear envelope:
Chromatin
Surface ofnuclear envelope
Pore complexes (TEM)
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Fig. 6-11
Cytosol
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
Free ribosomes
Bound ribosomes
Large subunit
Small subunit
Diagram of a ribosomeTEM showing ER and ribosomes
0.5 µm
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Fig. 6-12Smooth ER
Rough ER Nuclear envelope
Transitional ER
Rough ERSmooth ERTransport vesicle
RibosomesCisternaeER lumen
200 nm
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Fig. 6-13
cis face(“receiving” side of Golgi apparatus) Cisternae
trans face(“shipping” side of Golgi apparatus)
TEM of Golgi apparatus
0.1 µm
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Fig. 6-14
Nucleus 1 µm
Lysosome
Digestiveenzymes
Lysosome
Plasmamembrane
Food vacuole
(a) Phagocytosis
Digestion
(b) Autophagy
Peroxisome
Vesicle
Lysosome
Mitochondrion
Peroxisomefragment
Mitochondrionfragment
Vesicle containingtwo damaged organelles
1 µm
Digestion
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Fig. 6-17
Free ribosomesin the mitochondrial matrix
Intermembrane spaceOuter membrane
Inner membraneCristae
Matrix
0.1 µm
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Fig. 6-18
Ribosomes
Thylakoid
Stroma
Granum
Inner and outer membranes
1 µm
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Fig. 6-21
VesicleATP
Receptor for motor protein
Microtubuleof cytoskeleton
Motor protein (ATP powered)
(a)
Microtubule Vesicles
(b)
0.25 µm
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Table 6-1
10 µm 10 µm 10 µm
Column of tubulin dimers
Tubulin dimer
Actin subunit
25 nm
7 nm
Keratin proteins
Fibrous subunit (keratins coiled together)
8–12 nm
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Fig. 6-22Centrosome
Microtubule
Centrioles0.25 µm
Longitudinal section of one centriole
Microtubules Cross sectionof the other centriole
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Fig. 6-24
0.1 µm
Triplet
(c) Cross section of basal body
(a) Longitudinal section of cilium
0.5 µm
Plasma membrane
Basal body
Microtubules
(b) Cross section of cilium
Plasma membrane
Outer microtubule doubletDynein proteinsCentral microtubuleRadial spoke
Protein cross-linking outer doublets
0.1 µm
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Fig. 6-25Microtubuledoublets
Dyneinprotein
ATP
ATP
(a) Effect of unrestrained dynein movement
Cross-linking proteinsinside outer doublets
Anchoragein cell
(b) Effect of cross-linking proteins
1 3
2
(c) Wavelike motion
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Fig, 6-27a
Muscle cell
Actin filament
Myosin filamentMyosin arm
(a) Myosin motors in muscle cell contraction
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Fig. 6-28
Secondary cell wallPrimary cell wall
Middle lamella
Central vacuoleCytosol
Plasma membrane
Plant cell walls
Plasmodesmata
1 µm
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Fig. 6-30
EXTRACELLULAR FLUIDCollagen
Fibronectin
Plasmamembrane
Micro-filaments
CYTOPLASM
Integrins
Proteoglycancomplex
Polysaccharidemolecule
Carbo-hydrates
Coreprotein
Proteoglycanmolecule
Proteoglycan complex
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Fig. 6-32
Tight junction
0.5 µm
1 µmDesmosome
Gap junction
Extracellularmatrix
0.1 µm
Plasma membranesof adjacent cells
Spacebetweencells
Gapjunctions
Desmosome
Intermediatefilaments
Tight junction
Tight junctions preventfluid from movingacross a layer of cells